Monografías de Ingeniería Sísmica Online first articles (not assigned to a volume)
- D. Sambariya, R. Gupta, R. PrasadCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
In this article, a fuzzy logic based power system stabilizer (FPSS) is designed by tuning its input–output scaling factors. Two input signals to FPSS are considered as change of speed and change in power, and the output signal is considered as a correcting voltage signal. The normalizing factors of these signals are considered as the optimization problem with minimization of integral of square error in single-machine and multi-machine power systems. These factors are optimally determined with bat algorithm (BA) and considered as scaling factors of FPSS. The performance of power system with such a designed BA based FPSS (BA-FPSS) is compared to that of response with FPSS, Harmony Search Algorithm based FPSS (HSA-FPSS) and Particle Swarm Optimization based FPSS (PSO-FPSS). The systems considered are single-machine connected to infinite-bus, two-area 4-machine 10-bus and IEEE New England 10-machine 39-bus power systems for evaluating the performance of BA-FPSS. The comparison is carried out in terms of the integral of time-weighted absolute error (ITAE), integral of absolute error (IAE) and integral of square error (ISE) of speed response for systems with FPSS, HSA-FPSS and BA-FPSS. The superior performance of systems with BA-FPSS is established considering eight plant conditions of each system, which represents the wide range of operating conditions.Abstract
In this article, a fuzzy logic based power system stabilizer (FPSS) is designed by tuning its input–output scaling factors. Two input signals to FPSS are considered as change [...]
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- Y. Suresh, A. PandaCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
In the present paper a new version of multilevel inverter is investigated. This new version is based on hybrid association of commutation cells with H-bridge cells. The association allows a significant reduction of the volume of the capacitors. In fact, presented topology allows us to work on higher input voltage levels with the same power switches. This new version is generally called as SCMI (stacked cascade multilevel inverter). The proposed inverter has potential to generate high quality waveforms, reduction in switching frequency, capable to operate at higher voltage levels and finally utilizes minimum number of switching components. The presented version of SCMI is simulated in Matlab-simulink and further, experimental validation is carried out in the laboratory with prototype setup.Abstract
In the present paper a new version of multilevel inverter is investigated. This new version is based on hybrid association of commutation cells with H-bridge cells. The association [...]- 0
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- A. Srirangan, S. PaulrajCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
Incoloy 800HT which was selected as one of the prominent material for fourth generation power plant can exhibit appreciable strength, good resistance to corrosion and oxidation in high temperature environment. This study focuses on the multi-objective optimization using grey relational analysis for Incoloy 800HT welded with tungsten inert arc welding process with N82 filler wire of diameter 1.2 mm. The welding input parameters play a vital role in determining desired weld quality. The experiments were conducted according to L9 orthogonal array. The input parameter chosen were the welding current, Voltage and welding speed. The output response for quality targets chosen were the ultimate tensile strength and yield strength (at room temperature, 750 °C) and impact toughness. Grey relational analysis was applied to optimize the input parameters simultaneously considering multiple output variables. The optimal parameters combination was determined as A2 B1 C2 i.e. welding current at 110 A, voltage at 10 V and welding speed at 1.5 mm/s. ANOVA method was used to assess the significance of factors on the overall quality of the weldment. The output of the mechanical properties for best and least grey relational grade was validated by the metallurgical characteristics:Abstract
Incoloy 800HT which was selected as one of the prominent material for fourth generation power plant can exhibit appreciable strength, good resistance to corrosion and oxidation [...]- 0
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- R. Sasi, V. GovindanCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
The presence of shadow in an image is a major problem associated with various visual processing applications such as object recognition, traffic surveillance and segmentation. In this paper, we introduce a method to remove the shadow from a real image using the morphological diversities of shadows and sparse representation. The proposed approach first generates an invariant image and further processing is applied to the invariant image. Here, shadow removal is formulated as a decomposition problem that uses separate local dictionaries for shadow and nonshadow parts, without using single global or fixed generic dictionary. These local dictionaries are constructed from the patches extracted from the residual of the image obtained after invariant image formation. Finally, non-iterative Morphological Component Analysis-based image decomposition using local dictionaries is performed to add the geometric component to the non-shadow part of the image so as to obtain shadow free version of the input image. The proposed approach of shadow removal works well for indoor and outdoor images, and the performance has been compared with previous methods and found to be better in terms of RMSE.Abstract
The presence of shadow in an image is a major problem associated with various visual processing applications such as object recognition, traffic surveillance and segmentation. [...]- 0
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- S. HussainCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
The natural convection and entropy generation during double-diffusive MHD natural convection in a tilted sinusoidal corrugated porous enclosure is investigated numerically in this work by using heatline visualization technique. The top and bottom horizontal walls are assumed as adiabatic and non-diffusive, while the left and right vertical corrugated sidewalls are maintained at a constant hot and cold temperatures and concentrations respectively. The flow in the enclosure is subjected to an inclined magnetic field. The enclosure is filled with an electrically conducting fluid [Pr = 0.024] saturated with a porous media. The numerical computations are presented for various values of Rayleigh number (Ra), Hartmann number (Ha), Lewis number (Le), Darcy number (Da), buoyancy ratio (N), magnetic field orientation angle (φ) and enclosure inclination angle (Φ). In addition, the entropy generation due to fluid friction, thermal gradients, diffusion, and magnetic field beside the total entropy generation are studied and discussed. It is found that the flow circulation decreases strongly when the magnetic field applied horizontally and the enclosure is considered vertical. Heatline visualization concept is successfully applied to the considered problem. The average Nusselt number decreases when the Lewis number increases, while the average Sherwood number increases when the Lewis number increases. Also, both average Nusselt and Sherwood numbers increase when the Darcy number and buoyancy ratio increase. Moreover, the results show that the entropy generations due to magnetic field when the enclosure is subjected to the horizontal magnetic field are higher than the corresponding values when it subjected to the vertical magnetic field.Abstract
The natural convection and entropy generation during double-diffusive MHD natural convection in a tilted sinusoidal corrugated porous enclosure is investigated numerically [...]- 0
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- A. Saini, P. Kumar, B. Ravelo, S. Lallechere, A. Thakur, P. ThakurCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
In the present study, indium doped nano sized nickel zinc cobalt based ferrite ceramics with composition Ni0.5 Zn0.3 Co0.2 Inx Fe2-x O4 (x = 0.2 and 0.4) were synthesized by a co-precipitation technique. Powdered sample has been pre-sintered at 800 °C, pressed into toroids and finally sintered at 1000 °C. The single phase formation of the presintered powder has been confirmed by X ray diffraction (XRD). The average particle size of the presintered powder has been estimated by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and found to be about ~60 nm for x = 0.2 and ~80 nm at x = 0.4. The electromagnetic characterization has been made using vector network analyzer. High value of permeability (17.3 and 15.2 for x = 0.2 and 0.4 respectively) with low magnetic loss tangent of 10−1 order were obtained. Permittivity of 8.2 and 10, and dielectric loss tangent of the order of 10−2 were also achieved. With the measured electromagnetic parameters, miniaturization factor of 12.32 and normalized characteristic impedance close to unity (1.23) were obtained up to 100 MHz frequency. These fascinating parameters definitely propose Ni0.5 Zn0.3 Co0.2 In0.4 Fe1.6 O4 ceramics as a substrate material for miniaturized antenna in very high frequency band. Possible reasons and mechanisms of electromagnetic properties for different concentrations of indium are discussed in the paper.Abstract
In the present study, indium doped nano sized nickel zinc cobalt based ferrite ceramics with composition Ni0.5 Zn0.3 Co0.2 Inx Fe2-x O4 (x = 0.2 and 0.4) were synthesized [...]- 0
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- N. Ramesh, J. MallikarjunaCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
Performance and emission characteristics of HCCI engines depend on achieving a good in-cylinder homogeneous mixture. The formation of in-cylinder mixture depends on many engine parameters, which need optimization. In addition, as of now, there is no direct way to clearly describe and estimate in-cylinder mixture homogeneity. In the CFD analysis, it is evaluated indirectly using contour plots of equivalence ratio, variation of in-cylinder pressure with crank angles, heat release curves or by the comparison of emissions. In this study, an attempt has been made to develop methods to evaluate the in-cylinder mixture homogeneity by the CFD analysis using AVL-FIRE. Here, global and local in-cylinder fuel distribution and in-cylinder fuel distribution index are used to evaluate the mixture homogeneity. In order to evaluate these methods, mixture homogeneities in two cases of fuel injections with 7- and 10-hole injector are compared. Finally, we found that the global fuel distribution (GFD) plot helps direct quantitative assessment of mixture distribution in various ER range. However, the GFD method cannot explain the spatial variation of fuel distribution and does not provide mixture homogeneity on a simple scale. In the method of plotting fuel distribution index, the overall homogeneity will be evaluated on a scale of 0 to 1 by a simple way. In the method of plotting local fuel distribution (LFD), the spatial variation of mixture homogeneity is well defined in local zones both in radial and axial directions. Further, these proposed methods help us to reduce the computation time significantly.Abstract
Performance and emission characteristics of HCCI engines depend on achieving a good in-cylinder homogeneous mixture. The formation of in-cylinder mixture depends on many engine [...]- 0
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- J. Raj, S. Rahman, S. AnandCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
This paper presents an 8051 microcontroller-based control of ultrasound scanner prototype hardware from a host laptop MATLAB GUI. The hardware control of many instruments is carried out by microcontrollers. These microcontrollers are in turn controlled from a GUI residing in a computing machine that is connected over the USB interface. Conventionally such GUIs are developed using ‘C’ language or its variants. But MATLAB GUI is a better tool, when such GUI programs need to do huge image/video processing. However interfacing MATLAB with the microcontroller is a challenging task. Here, MATLAB interfacing through an intermediate MEX ‘C’ language program is presented. This paper outlines the MEX programming methods for achieving the smooth interfacing of microcontrollers with MATLAB GUI.Abstract
This paper presents an 8051 microcontroller-based control of ultrasound scanner prototype hardware from a host laptop MATLAB GUI. The hardware control of many instruments [...]- 0
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- C. Raju, N. Sandeep, S. SaleemCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
In this study, we analyzed the induced magnetic field effect on the stagnation-point flow of a non-Newtonian fluid over a stretching sheet with homogeneous–heterogeneous reactions and non-uniform heat source or sink. The transformed ordinary differential equations are solved numerically using Runge–Kutta and Newtons method. For physical relevance we analyzed the behavior of homogeneous and heterogeneous profiles individually in the presence of induced magnetic field. The effects of different non-dimensional governing parameters on velocity, induced magnetic field, temperature and concentration profiles, along with the skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number, are discussed and presented through graphs. The results of the present study are validated by comparing with the existed literature. Results indicate that induced magnetic field parameter and stretching ratio parameter have the tendency to enhance the heat transfer rate.Abstract
In this study, we analyzed the induced magnetic field effect on the stagnation-point flow of a non-Newtonian fluid over a stretching sheet with homogeneous–heterogeneous [...]- 0
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- K. Premkumar, B. ManikandanCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
In this paper, design of fuzzy proportional derivative controller and fuzzy proportional derivative integral controller for speed control of brushless direct current drive has been presented. Optimization of the above controllers design is carried out using nature inspired optimization algorithms such as particle swarm, cuckoo search, and bat algorithms. Time domain specifications such as overshoot, undershoot, settling time, recovery time, and steady state error and performance indices such as root mean squared error, integral of absolute error, integral of time multiplied absolute error and integral of squared error are measured and compared for the above controllers under different operating conditions such as varying set speed and load disturbance conditions. The precise investigation through simulation is performed using simulink toolbox. From the simulation test results, it is evident that bat optimized fuzzy proportional derivative controller has superior performance than the other controllers considered. Experimental test results have also been taken and analyzed for the optimal controller identified through simulation.Abstract
In this paper, design of fuzzy proportional derivative controller and fuzzy proportional derivative integral controller for speed control of brushless direct current drive [...]- 0
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- A. Philipose, R. ACollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
Recently wireless sensor network (WSN) has been widely used for monitoring railway tracks and rail tunnels. The key requirement in the design of such WSN is to minimize the energy consumption so as to maximize the network lifetime. This paper includes the performance of an improved medium access control (MAC) protocol, namely, time adaptive-bit map assisted (TA-BMA) protocol, for the purpose of communication between the sensors placed in a railway wagon. The train is considered to be moving at a constant speed, and the sensor nodes are stationary with respect to the motion of train. The effect of mobility on the proposed MAC protocol is determined using genetic algorithm (GA), and the observed increase in energy consumption on considering mobility is 18.51%. Performance analysis of the system model is carried out using QualNet (ver. 7.1), and the energy consumption in transmit mode, receive mode, percentage of time in sleep mode, end-to-end delay and throughput are investigated.Abstract
Recently wireless sensor network (WSN) has been widely used for monitoring railway tracks and rail tunnels. The key requirement in the design of such WSN is to minimize the [...]- 0
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- A. Paul, D. DasCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
A theoretical study on free vibration behavior of pre-stressed functionally graded material (FGM) beam is carried out. Power law variation of volume fraction along the thickness direction is considered. Geometric non-linearity is incorporated through von Kármán non-linear strain–displacement relationship. The governing equation for the static problem is obtained using minimum potential energy principle. The dynamic problem for the pre-stressed beam is formulated as an eigenvalue problem using Hamiltons principle. Three classical boundary conditions with immovable ends are considered for the present work, namely clamped–clamped, simply supported–simply supported and clamped–simply supported. Four different FGM beams, namely Stainless Steel–Silicon Nitride, Stainless Steel–Zirconia, Stainless Steel–Alumina and Titanium alloy–Zirconia, are considered for generation of results. Numerical results for non-dimensional frequency parameters of undeformed beam are presented. The results are presented in non-dimensional pressure-displacement plane for the static problem and in non-dimensional frequency-displacement plane for the dynamic problem. Comparative frequency-displacement plots are presented for different FGMs and also for different volume fraction indices.Abstract
A theoretical study on free vibration behavior of pre-stressed functionally graded material (FGM) beam is carried out. Power law variation of volume fraction along the thickness [...]- 0
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- P. Paulraj, R. GargCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
This work focuses on the effect of welding parameters on corrosion behavior of welded duplex stainless steel (DSS) and super duplex stainless steel (SDSS). The effect of welding parameters, such as heat input, inter-pass temperature, cooling rate, shielding/back purging gas, on corrosion behavior was studied. DSS and SDSS pipes were welded with Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) process. After welding, the test samples were non-destructively tested to ensure no defects and test samples were prepared for microstructural examinations and ferrite content measurements. The root region had complex microstructure because of the repetitive heating of the zone during different weld layers. It was observed that at low heat input desirable microstructure was formed. The test samples were subjected to corrosion tests, i.e. ASTM G48 test for the determination of pitting corrosion rate, potentiodynamic polarization tests, and potentiostatic tests to verify susceptibility of the alloys to corrosion attack. DSS weldments had CPT in between 23 °C to 27 °C and SDSS weldments had CPT between 37 °C to 41 °C in potentiostatic measurements. The corrosion test results were correlated to the microstructures of the weldments. The pitting resistance of individual phases was studied and the effect of secondary austenite on corrosion attack was also observed.Abstract
This work focuses on the effect of welding parameters on corrosion behavior of welded duplex stainless steel (DSS) and super duplex stainless steel (SDSS). The effect of welding [...]- 0
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- A. Pattanaik, M. Satpathy, S. MishraCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
Epoxy resin matrix composite reinforced with fly ash particles was prepared by ultrasonic stirring method. Pin-on-disc wear test of the composite was carried out and compared according to Taguchi design-of-experiment. An orthogonal array exhibited and examined the influencing parameters like % of fly ash debris, typical load, sliding speed and track distance on the composite. Signal to noise ratio analysis optimizes the parametric condition that yields minimum wear rate, minimum frictional force and minimum coefficient of friction. A multi-criteria decision analysis method, TOPSIS is used to optimize the output, and confirmation test has been done to verify the projected model. ANOVA shows that applied normal load plays a vital role in increasing dry sliding wear of epoxy composites.Abstract
Epoxy resin matrix composite reinforced with fly ash particles was prepared by ultrasonic stirring method. Pin-on-disc wear test of the composite was carried out and compared [...]- 0
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- V. Patel, A. DhanolaCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
The development of natural fibre reinforced polymer composites has gained popularity in many applications due to their environment friendly characteristics over the synthetic fibre based polymer composites. This paper describes the fabrication and physical, mechanical, three-body abrasive wear and water absorption behaviour of Luffa fibre reinforced polyester composites with and without addition of micro-fillers of Al2 O3, CaCO3 and TiO2 . The ranking of the composite materials has been made by using Technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method with output parameters of their physical, mechanical and abrasive wear and water absorption attributes. The addition of microfillers has enhanced greatly the physical and mechanical properties of Luffa -fibre based composites. The addition of microfillers has influenced the physico-mechanical properties of Luffa -fibre based polyester composites in descending order of CaCO3, Al2 O3, and TiO2 .Abstract
The development of natural fibre reinforced polymer composites has gained popularity in many applications due to their environment friendly characteristics over the synthetic [...]- 0
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- E. Omrani, P. Menezes, P. RohatgiCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
Natural fiber reinforced polymer composites have emerged as a potential environmentally friendly and cost-effective alternative to synthetic fiber reinforced composites. Therefore, in the past decade, a number of major industries, such as the automotive, construction and packaging industries, have shown a considerable interest in the progress of new natural fiber reinforced composite materials. The availability of natural fibers and the ease of manufacturing have tempted researchers to study their feasibility of their application as reinforcement and the extent to which they satisfy the required specifications in tribological applications. However, less information concerning the tribological performance of natural fiber reinforced composite material is available in the literature. Hence, the aim of this bibliographic review is to demonstrate the tribological behavior of natural fiber reinforced composites and find a knowledge about their usability for various applications that tribology plays a dominant role. This review presents the reported work on natural fiber reinforced composites with special reference to the type of fibers, matrix polymers, treatment of fibers and test parameters. The results show that composites reinforced with natural fibers have an improvement in tribological properties and their properties are comparable with conventional fibers. In addition, fiber treatment and fiber orientation are two important factors can affect tribological properties where treated fibers and normal oriented fibers exhibit better friction and wear behavior. This review is trying to evaluate the effect of test parameter including normal load and sliding speed on tribological properties, and the results vary based on type of reinforcement. Generally, due to their positive economic and environmental aspects, as well as their good tribological properties, natural composites are showing a good potential for employing in several applications.Abstract
Natural fiber reinforced polymer composites have emerged as a potential environmentally friendly and cost-effective alternative to synthetic fiber reinforced composites. Therefore, [...]- 0
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- M. Naveed, Z. Abbas, M. SajidCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
In this study, the boundary layer flow of an incompressible viscous fluid over an unsteady curved stretching surface is investigated in the presence of a variable applied magnetic field. Since the geometry is curved, the basic flow equations of the present problem are modeled using curvilinear coordinates. The obtained system is then reduced into nonlinear ordinary differential equations in two dependent quantities namely the fluid pressure and velocity by introducing suitable transformations. A numerical solution for fluid pressure and velocity is obtained by using a shooting method using Runge–Kutta integration scheme. The effects of various physical parameters on the fluid velocity and pressure distribution are shown through graphs and are discussed in detail. The comparison between the present and the existing results in the literature in special case for flat unsteady stretching, i.e. (K→∞K→∞ ), is found in good agreement.Abstract
In this study, the boundary layer flow of an incompressible viscous fluid over an unsteady curved stretching surface is investigated in the presence of a variable applied [...]- 0
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- B. Moharana, S. Sahu, S. Sahoo, R. BatheCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
Aim of the present work is to investigate mechanical and metallurgical characteristics of continuous wave CO2 laser welded dissimilar couple of AISI 304 stainless steel and commercially pure copper sheets in autogenous mode. Metallurgical analysis of the fusion zone has been done to understand the mixing and solidification behavior. Macroscopic examination has been carried out to observe the macro-segregation pattern of Cu, Fe and Cr rich phases in different zones, and the thickness of HAZ was found to be around 10 µm. The micro-channels formed from the steel side to weld pool describe that the copper solidifies first and provides the nucleation surface for the residual melt to grow. These tubular micro-channels formed may be due to carbide precipitation. The EDS analysis conforms the well mixing of SS and Cu inside the weld pool. The mechanical properties in terms of tensile stress found up to 201 MPa and the fracture are obtained outside the weld zone. Microhardness measurements over the fusion zone have been done to understand the keyhole growth and quenching, solidification sequence and stress distribution over the full area.Abstract
Aim of the present work is to investigate mechanical and metallurgical characteristics of continuous wave CO2 laser welded dissimilar couple of AISI 304 stainless steel and [...]- 0
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- U. Mbamara, B. Olofinjana, O. Ajayi, C. Lorenzo-Martin, E. Obiajunwa, E. AjayiCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
Most researches on doped ZnO thin films are tilted toward their applications in optoelectronics and semiconductor devices. Research on their tribological properties is still unfolding. In this work, nitrogen-doped ZnO thin films were deposited on 304 L stainless steel substrate from a combination of zinc acetate and ammonium acetate precursor by MOCVD technique. Compositional and structural studies of the films were done using Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy (RBS) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The frictional behavior of the thin film coatings was evaluated using a ball-on-flat configuration in reciprocating sliding under dry contact condition. After friction test, the flat and ball counter-face surfaces were examined to assess the wear dimension and failure mechanism. Both friction behavior and wear (in the ball counter-face) were observed to be dependent on the crystallinity and thickness of the thin film coatings.Abstract
Most researches on doped ZnO thin films are tilted toward their applications in optoelectronics and semiconductor devices. Research on their tribological properties is still [...]- 0
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- M. Mahmoodabadi, H. JahanshahiCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
In this paper, the Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm (MOGA) is used to obtain the Pareto frontiers of conflicting objective functions for the fuzzy-Proportional-Integral-Derivative (fuzzy-PID) controllers. The ball–beam and inverted pendulum fourth order nonlinear systems are regarded as nonlinear benchmarks. The considered objective functions for the ball–beam system are the distance error of the ball, the angle error of the beam, and the control effort. For the inverted pendulum system, the objective functions are the distance error of the cart, the angle error of the pendulum, and the control effort, which must be minimized simultaneously. The Pareto fronts are compared with those obtained by Multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO). Four points are chosen from nondominated solutions of the obtained Pareto fronts based on the three conflicting objective functions and used for illustration of the state variables of the controlled systems. Obtained results elucidate the efficiency of the proposed controller in order to control nonlinear systems.Abstract
In this paper, the Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm (MOGA) is used to obtain the Pareto frontiers of conflicting objective functions for the fuzzy-Proportional-Integral-Derivative [...]- 0
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- M. Kütük, L. DülgerCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
A hybrid machine (HM) is a system integrating two types of motor, servo and constant velocity with a mechanism. The purpose is to make use of the energy in the system efficiently with a flexible system having more than one degree of freedom (DOF). A review is included on hybrid press systems. This study is included as a part of an industrial project used for metal forming. The system given here includes a 7 link mechanism, one of link is driven by a constant velocity motor (CV) and the other is driven by a servo motor (SM). Kinematics analysis of the hybrid driven mechanism is presented here as inverse kinematics analysis. Motion design is very crucial step when using a hybrid machine. So motion design procedure is given with motion curve examples needed. Curve Fitting Toolbox (CFT) in Matlab® is offered as an auxiliary method which can be successfully applied. Motion characteristics are chosen by looking at requirements taken from metal forming industry. Results are then presented herein.Abstract
A hybrid machine (HM) is a system integrating two types of motor, servo and constant velocity with a mechanism. The purpose is to make use of the energy in the system efficiently [...]- 0
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- R. Kumar, G. SurusheCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
A compact, Ultra Wideband (UWB) antenna system for multi-input multi-output (MIMO)/diversity application is proposed. The antenna system is a microstrip structure with two similar triangular shaped radiating elements and a common ground plane. The radiating elements are excited by tapered feed for better impedance matching. A T-crossed shaped stub is added in the ground plane to increase the isolation between the two radiators. The overall dimension of the proposed antenna system is 46 mm × 32.6 mm × 1.6 mm. The measured impedance bandwidth (reflection coefficient < −10 dB) is from 1.8 GHz to well beyond 12 GHz which covers the entire UWB region. A measured isolation of 15 dB or better is achieved in the UWB region. The diversity gain of the antenna system is close to 10 dBi and the envelope correlation coefficient is well below 0.2 in the operating band. Parametric study is also done to check the sensitivity of the antenna in terms of reflection coefficient and isolation to the different parameters. These characteristics show that the proposed antenna is suitable for the MIMO/diversity application.Abstract
A compact, Ultra Wideband (UWB) antenna system for multi-input multi-output (MIMO)/diversity application is proposed. The antenna system is a microstrip structure with two [...]- 0
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- M. Kumar, V. NathCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
In this paper, a simple microstrip patch antenna and a two-element E-plane coupled microstrip antenna array employing a defected ground structure are investigated. Without defected ground structure, the antenna has an impedance bandwidth of 675 MHz (6.78% at the center frequency of 9.955 GHz) and a gain of around 4.38 dB. The performance of the microstrip antenna in terms of impedance bandwidth, matching performance, gain and return loss can be improved by introducing a defect in the ground plane. As a result of which, bandwidth of 1.652 GHz (16.42% at the center frequency of 10.06 GHz) and a gain of 8.96 dB along with 5 different other operating bands are achieved. After integrating the microstrip antenna with the proposed defected ground structure, effective footprint of the antenna is reduced up to 66.95%. When integrated with proposed DGS array, the same antenna array structure shows miniaturization up to 78.97%. The proposed defected ground structure when compared to other techniques shows an exceptionally lower mutual coupling between two E-plane coupled microstrip antenna elements.Abstract
In this paper, a simple microstrip patch antenna and a two-element E-plane coupled microstrip antenna array employing a defected ground structure are investigated. Without [...]- 0
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- S. Kathirvel, A. Layek, S. MuthuramanCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
The ever growing human population and the corresponding economic development of mankind have caused a relentless surge in the energy demand of the world. The fast diminishing fossil fuel reserves and the overdependence of petroleum based fuels have already prompted the world to look for alternate sources of energy to offset the fuel crisis in the future. Waste Cooking Oil Methyl Ester (WCOME) has proven itself as a viable alternate fuel that can be used in Compression Ignition (CI) engines due to its low cost, non-toxicity, biodegradability and renewable nature. It also contributes a minimum amount of net greenhouse gases, such as CO2, SO2 and NO emissions to the atmosphere. The main objective of this paper is to focus on the study of the performance, combustion and emission parameters of CI engines using WCOME and to explore the possibility of utilizing WCOME blends with diesel extensively in place of diesel. The production methods used for transesterification play a vital role in the physiochemical properties of the methyl esters produced. Various production intensification technologies such as hydrodynamic cavitation and ultrasonic cavitation were employed to improve the yield of the methyl esters during transesterification. This review includes the study of WCOME from different origins in various types of diesel engines. Most of the studies comply with the decrease in carbon monoxide (CO) emissions and the increase in brake thermal efficiency while using WCOME in CI engines. Many researchers reported slight increase in the emissions of oxides of nitrogen. ANN modeling has been widely used to predict the process variables of the diesel engine while using WCOME. The versatility of ANN modeling was proven by the minimum error percentages of the actual and predicted values of the performance and emission characteristics.Abstract
The ever growing human population and the corresponding economic development of mankind have caused a relentless surge in the energy demand of the world. The fast diminishing [...]- 0
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- C. Karri, U. JenaCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
Linde–Buzo–Gray (LBG), a traditional method of vector quantization (VQ) generates a local optimal codebook which results in lower PSNR value. The performance of vector quantization (VQ) depends on the appropriate codebook, so researchers proposed optimization techniques for global codebook generation. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) and Firefly algorithm (FA) generate an efficient codebook, but undergoes instability in convergence when particle velocity is high and non-availability of brighter fireflies in the search space respectively. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm called BA-LBG which uses Bat Algorithm on initial solution of LBG. It produces an efficient codebook with less computational time and results very good PSNR due to its automatic zooming feature using adjustable pulse emission rate and loudness of bats. From the results, we observed that BA-LBG has high PSNR compared to LBG, PSO-LBG, Quantum PSO-LBG, HBMO-LBG and FA-LBG, and its average convergence speed is 1.841 times faster than HBMO-LBG and FA-LBG but no significance difference with PSO.Abstract
Linde–Buzo–Gray (LBG), a traditional method of vector quantization (VQ) generates a local optimal codebook which results in lower PSNR value. The performance of vector [...]- 0
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- R. Kandasamy, R. Mohamad, M. IsmoenCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
Single walled carbon nanotube, alumina and copper nanoparticles on convective mass transfer in the presence of base fluid (water) over a horizontal plate are investigated numerically. The governing partial differential equations with auxiliary conditions are reduced into the system of coupled ordinary differential equations via similarity transformation and it has been solved numerically using fourth or fifth order Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method with shooting technique. The results display that the diffusion boundary layer thickness of the water based Cu and SWCNTs is stronger than Al2 O3 –water with increase of chemical reaction.Abstract
Single walled carbon nanotube, alumina and copper nanoparticles on convective mass transfer in the presence of base fluid (water) over a horizontal plate are investigated [...]- 0
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- C. Kalaiselvan, L. RaoCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
Reliability of a product or system is the probability that the product performs adequately its intended function for the stated period of time under stated operating conditions. It is function of time. The most widely used nano ceramic capacitor C0G and X7R is used in this reliability study to generate the Time-to failure (TTF) data. The time to failure data are identified by Accelerated Life Test (ALT) and Highly Accelerated Life Testing (HALT). The test is conducted at high stress level to generate more failure rate within the short interval of time. The reliability method used to convert accelerated to actual condition is Parametric method and Non-Parametric method. In this paper, comparative study has been done for Parametric and Non-Parametric methods to identify the failure data. The Weibull distribution is identified for parametric method, Kaplan–Meier and Simple Actuarial Method are identified for non-parametric method. The time taken to identify the mean time to failure (MTTF) in accelerating condition is the same for parametric and non-parametric method with relative deviation.Abstract
Reliability of a product or system is the probability that the product performs adequately its intended function for the stated period of time under stated operating conditions. [...]- 0
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- S. Jakhar, R. Misra, M. Soni, N. GakkharCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
Earth air heat exchanger (EAHE) systems are insufficient to meet the thermal comfort requirements in winter conditions. The low heating potential of such systems can be improved by integrating the system with solar air heating duct (SAHD). The aim of this paper is to present a model to estimate the heating potential for EAHE system with and without SAHD. The model is generated using TRNSYS 17 simulation tool and validated against experimental investigation on an experimental set-up in Ajmer, India. The experiment was done during the winter season, where the system was evaluated for different inlet flow velocities, length and depth of buried pipe. From the experimentation, it was observed that the depth of 3.7 m is sufficient for pipe burial and the 34 m length of pipe is sufficient to get optimum EAHE outlet temperature. It is also observed that increase in flow velocity results in drop in EAHE outlet temperature, while room temperature is found to increase for higher velocities (5 m/s). The COP of the system also increased up to 6.304 when assisted with solar air heating duct. The results obtained from the experiment data are in good agreement with simulated results within the variation of up to 7.9%.Abstract
Earth air heat exchanger (EAHE) systems are insufficient to meet the thermal comfort requirements in winter conditions. The low heating potential of such systems can be improved [...]- 0
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- V. Gupta, R. PandeyCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
In this paper, an improved version of the energy aware distributed unequal clustering protocol (EADUC) is projected. The EADUC protocol is commonly used for solving energy hole problem in multi-hop wireless sensor networks. In the EADUC, location of base station and residual energy are given importance as clustering parameters. Based on these parameters, different competition radii are assigned to nodes. Herein, a new approach has been proposed to improve the working of EADUC, by electing cluster heads considering number of nodes in the neighborhood in addition to the above two parameters. The inclusion of the neighborhood information for computation of the competition radii provides better balancing of energy in comparison with the existing approach. Furthermore, for the selection of next hop node, the relay metric is defined directly in terms of energy expense instead of only the distance information used in the EADUC and the data transmission phase has been extended in every round by performing the data collection number of times through use of major slots and mini-slots. The methodology used is of retaining the same clusters for a few rounds and is effective in reducing the clustering overhead. The performance of the proposed protocol has been evaluated under three different scenarios and compared with existing protocols through simulations. The results show that the proposed scheme outperforms the existing protocols in terms of network lifetime in all the scenarios.Abstract
In this paper, an improved version of the energy aware distributed unequal clustering protocol (EADUC) is projected. The EADUC protocol is commonly used for solving energy [...]- 0
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- K. Gan, J. Lu, W. Yeh, Y. Chen, Y. ChenCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
Three different multiple-valued logic (MVL) designs using the multiple-peak negative-differential-resistance (NDR) circuits are investigated. The basic NDR element, which is made of several Si-based metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect-transistor (MOS) and SiGe-based heterojunction-bipolar-transistor (HBT) devices, can be implemented by using a standard BiCMOS process. These MVL circuits are designed based on the triggering-pulse control, saw-tooth input signal, and peak-control methods, respectively. However, there are some transient states existing between the multiple stable levels for the first two methods. These states might affect the circuit function in practical application. As a result, our proposed peak-control method for the MVL design can be used to overcome these transient states.Abstract
Three different multiple-valued logic (MVL) designs using the multiple-peak negative-differential-resistance (NDR) circuits are investigated. The basic NDR element, which [...]- 0
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- P. Dutta, S. Saha, N. Nandi, N. PalCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
The present paper makes an effort to find the flow separation characteristics under high Reynolds number in pipe bends. Single phase turbulent flow through pipe bends is investigated using k-ε turbulence model. After the validation of present model against existing experimental results, a detailed study has been performed to study the influence of Reynolds number on flow separation and reattachment. The separation region and the velocity field of the primary and the secondary flows in different sections have been illustrated. Numerical results show that flow separation can be clearly visualized for bend with low curvature ratio. Distributions of the velocity vector show the secondary motion clearly induced by the movement of fluid from inner to outer wall of the bend leading to flow separation. This paper provides numerical results to understand the flow characteristics of fluid flow in 90° bend pipe.Abstract
The present paper makes an effort to find the flow separation characteristics under high Reynolds number in pipe bends. Single phase turbulent flow through pipe bends is investigated [...]- 0
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- B. Das, S. Roy, R. Rai, S. SahaCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
With the major application of MMCs, it is thus necessary to develop an appropriate technology for their efficient machining. Milling is the most common and versatile technology among different machining processes, characterized by an extensive range of metal cutting capacity that places it in a central role in the manufacturing industries. In the present study an attempt has been made to find out the most optimal level of process parameters for CNC milling of Al–4.5%Cu–TiC metal matrix composites using grey-fuzzy algorithm. Taguchis L25 orthogonal array design is used for performing CNC milling operation on the composite plates. The Grey fuzzy optimization of CNC milling parameters consist of three different output characteristics, such as, cutting force Fc, surface roughness Ra and surface roughness Rz. It was found that a cutting speed of 600 rpm, feed of 40 mm/min and a depth of cut of 0.30 mm is the optimal combination of CNC milling parameters that has produced a high value of grey fuzzy reasoning grade of 0.8191 which is close to the reference value. ANOVA analysis is carried out and it is found that among three different process parameters, the cutting speed played a major role on the determination of GFRG.Abstract
With the major application of MMCs, it is thus necessary to develop an appropriate technology for their efficient machining. Milling is the most common and versatile technology [...]- 0
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- B. AhmedCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
This paper presents a technique to minimize the number of test cases in configuration-aware structural testing. Combinatorial optimization is used first to generate an optimized test suite by sampling the input configuration. Second, for further optimization, the generated test suite is filtered based on an adaptive mechanism by using a mutation testing technique. The initialized test suite is optimized using cuckoo search (CS) along with combinatorial approach, and mutation testing is used to seed different faults to the software-under-test, as well as to filter the test cases based on the detected faults. To measure the effectiveness of the technique, an empirical study is conducted on a software system. The technique proves its effectiveness through the conducted case study. The paper also shows the application of combinatorial optimization and CS to the software testing.Abstract
This paper presents a technique to minimize the number of test cases in configuration-aware structural testing. Combinatorial optimization is used first to generate an optimized [...]- 0
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- P. Balachennaiah, M. Suryakalavathi, P. NagendraCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
This paper proposes a Firefly algorithm based technique to optimize the control variables for simultaneous optimization of real power loss and voltage stability limit of the transmission system. Mathematically, this issue can be formulated as nonlinear equality and inequality constrained optimization problem with an objective function integrating both real power loss and voltage stability limit. Transformers taps, unified power flow controller and its parameters have been included as control variables in the problem formulation. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm has been tested on New England 39-bus system. Simulation results obtained with the proposed algorithm are compared with the real coded genetic algorithm for single objective of real power loss minimization and multi-objective of real power loss minimization and voltage stability limit maximization. Also, a classical optimization method known as interior point successive linear programming technique is considered here to compare the results of firefly algorithm for single objective of real power loss minimization. Simulation results confirm the potentiality of the proposed algorithm in solving optimization problems.Abstract
This paper proposes a Firefly algorithm based technique to optimize the control variables for simultaneous optimization of real power loss and voltage stability limit of the [...]- 0
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- S. Ananthavel, S. Padmanaban, S. Shanmugham, F. Blaabjerg, A. Ertas, V. FedakCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
Power system researches are mainly focused in enhancing the available power capacities of the existing transmission lines. But still, no prominent solutions have been made due to several factors that affect the transmission lines which include the length, aging of the cables and losses on generation, transmission and distribution etc. This paper exploited the integration of static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) and superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) which is then connected to existing power transmission line for enhancing the available power transfer capacity (ATC). STATCOM is power electronic voltage source converter (VSC) which is connected to the transmission system for shunt reactive power and harmonics compensation. SMES is a renowned clean energy storage technology. Feasibility of the proposed power system can control the real as well as reactive power flow independently between the transmission lines and STATCOM-(SMES) units. Complete proposed power system is implemented in numerical simulation software (Matlab/Simulink) and its performance is validated based on obtained investigation results.Abstract
Power system researches are mainly focused in enhancing the available power capacities of the existing transmission lines. But still, no prominent solutions have been made [...]- 0
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- A. al-Swaidani, S. Aliyan, N. AdarnalyCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
The benefits of using natural pozzolan as cement replacement are often associated with shortcomings such as the need to moist-curing for longer time and a reduction of strength at early ages. The objective of the study is to investigate the influence of binder fineness on the mechanical strength development of scoria-based binder mortars. In the study, mortar specimens have been produced with four types of binder: one plain Portland cement (control) and three scoria-based binders with three replacement levels: 25%, 30% and 35%, respectively. All scoria-based binders have been inter-ground into four different Blaine fineness: 2400, 3200, 4200 and 5100 cm2 /g. The development of the compressive and flexural tensile strength of all mortar specimens with curing time has been investigated. The effects of the Blaine fineness of the scoria-based blended cement on the compressive and flexural strengths of mortar have been evaluated at curing ages of 2, 7, 28 and 90 days, respectively. Particle size distribution measured by a laser diffractometer has been considered in the study. Test results revealed that there is a decrease in strength with increasing amounts of scoria. In addition, there was found an increase in strength with increasing the Blaine fineness values. No direct relationship between Blaine and particle size distribution was observed. Effects of Blaine fineness on some physical properties of blended cements such as water demand, setting times and soundness have also been investigated. Further, an estimation equation for strength development incorporating the effects of fineness measured either by Blaine or by particle size distribution has been derived by the authors.Abstract
The benefits of using natural pozzolan as cement replacement are often associated with shortcomings such as the need to moist-curing for longer time and a reduction of strength [...]- 0
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- M. Abdulhameed, D. Vieru, S. ShafieCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
In the present investigation, an oscillating motion of unsteady Burgers fluid in a circular cylinder was modeled with different pressure waveforms. Three different waveforms are considered: the case of a trapezoidal, triangular and sinusoidal waveform. Analytical solutions of velocity and temperature distribution are obtained for an oscillating laminar flow, which can be used to analyze the effects of flow type on the heat transfer performance. The limiting cases have been considered to examine the heat transfer performance of four different non-Newtonian fluids. Results show that the heat transfer of the oscillating flow depends on the fluid material parameter, Prandtl number, amplitude oscillating waveform and radial coordinate. The trapezoidal and sinusoidal waveforms of oscillating motion can result in a higher heat transfer performance.Abstract
In the present investigation, an oscillating motion of unsteady Burgers fluid in a circular cylinder was modeled with different pressure waveforms. Three different waveforms [...]- 0
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- A. Abdelaziz, E. Ali, S. ElazimCollection of Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal (2017).
Abstract
Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) is the process of allocating the required load between the available generation units such that the cost of operation is minimized. The ELD problem is formulated as a nonlinear constrained optimization problem with both equality and inequality constraints. The dual-objective Combined Economic Emission Dispatch (CEED) problem is considering the environmental impacts that accumulated from emission of gaseous pollutants of fossil-fuelled power plants. In this paper, an implementation of Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) to solve ELD and CEED problems in power systems is discussed. Results obtained by the proposed FPA are compared with other optimization algorithms for various power systems. The results introduced in this paper show that the proposed FPA outlasts other techniques even for large scale power system considering valve point effect in terms of total cost and computational time.Abstract
Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) is the process of allocating the required load between the available generation units such that the cost of operation is minimized. The ELD problem [...]- 0
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