Abstract

The most important parameter for designing a pedestrian facility is the area required by a pedestrian to stand comfortably or make a comfortable movement. This area is referred as Body Ellipse (Human Ellipse) and depends on Shoulder Width and Body Depth of a human being (and also on the kind of activity i.e. Standing or Walking). In current practices, design of pedestrian facilities’ are according to the body ellipse of pedestrians experimented in The United States Of America (US-HCM 2010). Regional variances are marked in these physical characteristics that are dependent on human body dimensions to a greater extent, ultimately playing an important role in pedestrian’s convenience (capacity and Level of service of a facility) and design environment. This paper is an attempt to study the measurements of Body Ellipses i.e. body depth and shoulder width by carrying out videography surveys on the pedestrians in India (specifically Delhi). The analysis also includes, classifying the body dimensions according to gender and walking with/without baggage (handbag/backpack), along with the measurement of the Step length of pedestrians’ while walking which shall give out the area required for walking. These body dimensions have been compared with the standard body dimension available worldwide. The study location was a walkway in a commercial area in Delhi (India) with a sample size of 747 consisting of 132 females and 615 males. The extracted body dimension varies from 26.07 to 52.14 centimeter for body depth and 42.35 to 67.76 centimeters for shoulder width.

Keywords

Pedestrians ; Human Ellipse ; India

References

  1. Al-Azzawi, 2004 Al-Azzawi, M. (2004) “Factors Affecting Pedestrian Walking Speeds.” A Ph.D. Thesis, Napier University.
  2. Retrieved, 2014 Retrieved from http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/2749/1/AlAzPhD406626.pdf 5.09.2014.
  3. Fruin, 1987 Fruin, J.J. (1987) Pedestrian Planning and Design , Revised Edition, Elevator World, Inc., Alabama.
  4. Fruin, 1971 Fruin, J.J., (1971) Pedestrian Planning and Design , Metropolitan Association of Urban Designers and Environmental Planners, New York.
  5. Hall, 1990 Hall, E.T. (1990) The Hidden Dimension , Anchor Books Edition (Doubleday), New York, USA.
  6. IRC, 2012 IRC: 103-2012 Guidelines for Pedestrian Facilities (First Revision).
  7. Kotkar et al., 2010 K.L. Kotkar, R. Rastogi, S. Chandra; Pedestrian Flow Characteristics in Mixed Flow conditions,”; Journal of Urban Planning and Development ASCE, 136 (3) (2010), pp. 23–33
  8. Millazo et al., 1999 J.S. Millazo r II, N.M. Rouphail, J.E. Hummer, D.P. Allen; “Quality of Service for Uninterrupted- Flow Pedestrian Facilities in Highway Capacity Manual 2000”; Transportation Research Record, 1678 (1999), pp. 18–24
  9. Parida and Purnima, 2006 Parida, Purnima “Planning, Design and Operation of Pedestrian Facilities in Delhi”, Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis submitted to Department of Architecture & Planning, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee. 2006.
  10. Purnima et al., 2007 Purnima, P, Najamuddin and Parida, M, (2007) “Planning Design and Operation of Pedestrian Facilities in Delhi”, Highway Research Bulletin, Indian Roads Congress, Oct 2007.
  11. Rakesh and Mohamed, 2010 K.S. Rakesh, A.R. Mohamed; The Urban Pedestrian Environment- Role of Qualitative Evaluation: Analysis of an Institutional Area in Chennai; India” Indian Journal of Transport Management, p (2010), pp. 27–43
  12. Rastogi et al., 2013 Rastogi, R, Ilango, T, and Chandra, S. (2013) “Pedestrian Flow Characteristics for Different Pedestrian Facilities and Situations” European Transport , No. 53, pp 1-21.
  13. Singh and Natasha, 2015 Singh, Natasha “Pedestrians’ Characteristics And Flow Analysis - In Indian Context”, Unpublished Thesis submitted to Department of Civil Engineering, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar. 2015.
  14. Somer, 1969 Somer, R (1969), Personal Space (The Behavioral Basis of Design) , Prentice: Hall, Inc., New Jersey.
  15. Tanaboriboon and Guyano, 1989 Tanaboriboon, Y and Guyano, J.A. (1989) “Level-Of-Service Standards for Pedestrian Facilities in Bangkok: A Case Study” Institute of Transportation Engineers Journal , Vol. 59, No. 6, pp 39-41.
  16. Tanaboriboon et al., 1986 Y. Tanaboriboon, S.S. Hwa, C.H. Chor; Pedestrian characteristics study in Singapore,”; Journal of Transportation Engineering ASCE, 112 (3) (1986), pp. 229–235
  17. The Transit Capacity, 2013 The Transit Capacity & Quality of Service Manual, TCRP Report 165, TRB, 2013, p. 5-25.
Back to Top

Document information

Published on 05/04/17

Licence: Other

Document Score

0

Views 0
Recommendations 0

Share this document

claim authorship

Are you one of the authors of this document?