Documents published in 2017 : Scipedia

Anterior tibial artery pseudoaneurysm due to interlocking bolt of tibial nail: A case report and review
N. Gahlot, R. Kanojia

Collection of Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica (2017).

Abstract
Vascular injuries associated with the tibial nailing have been reported in few case reports. We here report a unique case of anterior tibial artery (ATA) pseudoaneurysm caused by the second proximal coronal interlocking bolt. We found that the position of interlocking bolts on the nail brings them very close to the anatomical positions of arteries in leg. The reports of ATA injury by interlocking bolts highlight the need for reconsidering the nail design and screw hole positions.
Abstract
Vascular injuries associated with the tibial nailing have been reported in few case reports. We here report a unique case of anterior tibial artery (ATA) pseudoaneurysm caused [...]
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Minimally invasive intramedullary nailing of clavicular fractures by a new titanium elastic nail
B. Fu

Collection of Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica (2017).

Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical results of a new design titanium elastic nail (TEN) for displaced midshaft clavicular fractures. Between February 2012 and December 2013, a total 36 patients with displaced midshaft clavicular fractures were treated with intramedullary nailing stabilization with our new design TEN. Blood loss, mean times of operation, postoperative complications, hospital stays and time to bone union was recorded. The outcomes were evaluated with radiographic assessment, visual analog scale (VAS) score, the Constant-Murley, and the disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) scores. The mean blood loss was 50.278 ± 10.753 ml, while the mean operation, hospital stay and bone union times were 46.417 ± 9.232 min, 10.056 ± 2.672 days and 11.583 ± 2.729 weeks, respectively. After removal of the TENs at a mean of 10.2 months (range, 8-13 months) after surgery, no re-fracture and nonunion was found in any patient. Two cases of shoulder back stabbing pain were spontaneously resolved later. The mean fracture healing time was 12 weeks. The VAS score and motion ranges of shoulder joint were significantly improved postoperatively (P < 0.001). The shoulder function recovery showed the excellent results with the mean Constant-Murley score of 93.389 ± 2.749 and DASH scores of 2.528 ± 1.567. Our new TEN design used in intramedullary fixation might be a safe and effective technique for treatment of displaced midshaft clavicular fractures. Level of evidence: Level IV, therapeutic study .
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical results of a new design titanium elastic nail (TEN) for displaced midshaft clavicular fractures. Between February 2012 and December [...]
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Soft-tissue osteoma of the thenar eminence
B. Ersoy

Collection of Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica (2017).

Abstract
The development of osteoma in soft tissues without a direct contact with the adjacent osseous and articular structures is a very rare event. The involvement of the hand is even rarer, with only two previous cases reported so far. A 25-year-old man presented with a painless solid mass in the thenar region of his right palm, which appeared almost 2 years ago and showed a progressive enlargement in the last months. Under regional anesthesia an excisional biopsy was performed and the histopathological evaluation of the lesion confirmed the diagnosis of soft tissue osteoma. The postoperative follow-up period was uneventful without any complication or recurrence. Following a brief period of hand physiotherapy the patient has returned to normal daily activities.
Abstract
The development of osteoma in soft tissues without a direct contact with the adjacent osseous and articular structures is a very rare event. The involvement of the hand is [...]
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Safety of modified Stoppa approach for Ganz periacetabular osteotomy: A preliminary cadaveric study
M. Elmadağ, G. Uzer, F. Yıldız, H. Ceylan, M. Acar

Collection of Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica (2017).

Abstract
The aim of this cadaveric study was to investigate the efficacy of the modified Stoppa approach in Ganz periacetabular osteotomy (PAO). The Ganz PAO was performed on 10 hemipelvises with normal hips, from 5 cadavers using the modified Stoppa approach through the Pfannenstiel incision. All of the osteotomies were performed under fluoroscopic control and direct visualizing the osteotomy site from the same incision. After the osteotomy, the acetabulum was medialized and redirected anterolaterally, and fixed with 2 screws. The neurovascular structures and the joints were examined by dissecting the soft tissues after fixation of the osteotomies. Outcome parameters were center-edge (CE) angle, the distances between the osteotomy and anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS), and between the osteotomy and the sciatic notch, neurovascular and joint penetrations. After the osteotomy, the mean CE angle was improved from 19.8° to 25.2°, mean distance between the osteotomy and ASIS was 3.1 cm, and the mean distance between the osteotomy and the sciatic notch was 10.2 mm. The neurovascular structures and the joints were examined by dissecting the soft tissues after fixation of the osteotomies. No damage to the joint, surrounding arteries, veins or nerves was detected in any of the cadavers. Bilateral dysplastic hips can be treated with a 10 cm, cosmetically more acceptable incision in the same session using this approach. Quadrilateral surface of the acetabulum can be directly seen using this approach and the osteotomy can be safely performed.
Abstract
The aim of this cadaveric study was to investigate the efficacy of the modified Stoppa approach in Ganz periacetabular osteotomy (PAO). The Ganz PAO was performed on 10 hemipelvises [...]
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Evaluation of the informed consent procedure for total knee arthroplasty patients in Turkey
P. Ekmekci, A. Ekmekci, Ö. Karakaş, A. Kulduk, B. Arda

Collection of Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica (2017).

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to evaluate the ethical aspects of informed consent process of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients in Turkey. The study included 50 patients undergoing TKA in Gazi Mustafa Kemal State Hospital Orthopedics Clinic. A face to face survey was conducted to determine the ethical appropriateness of the main components of informed consent process such as, disclosure of material information about the disease and alternative treatment options, understanding the disclosed information, comprehending the written consent form and voluntariness in deciding. The survey revealed that all TKA patients signed informed consent form, 80% of the participants received material information about their disease, 62% were disclosed information about TKA operation, 56% read (in personal or with the assistance of a relative) the written informed consent form, 28% received information regarding possible complications of TKA and 85% were not given any information about the alternative treatments. Informed consent process in TKA patients have flourished compared to previous years, but still there are some aspects in need of improvement. Using short and understandable language, developing multi-media sources and involving patients to informed consent form development process would contribute to the process.
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to evaluate the ethical aspects of informed consent process of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients in Turkey. The study included 50 patients [...]
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Effects of immobilization and whole-body vibration on rat serum Type I collagen turnover
G. Dönmez, M. Doral, Ş. Suljevic, M. Sargon, H. Bilgili, H. Demirel

Collection of Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica (2017).

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of short-term, high-magnitude whole-body vibration (WBV) on serum type I collagen turnover in immobilized rats. Thirty Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into the following 5 groups: immobilization (IS), immobilization + remobilization (IR), immobilization + WBV (IV), control (C), and WBV control (CV). Immobilization was achieved by casting from the crista iliaca anterior superior to the lower part of the foot for 2 weeks. The applied WBV protocol involved a frequency of 45 Hz and amplitude of 3 mm for 7 days starting a day after the end of the immobilization period. Serum type I collagen turnover markers were measured by using ELISA kits. Serum NH2-terminal propeptide of type I collagen (PINP) levels were significantly lower in the immobilization groups (p < 0.02) compared with the control groups. Although WBV improved PINP levels in the control groups, there were no differences in PINP levels among the immobilization groups. Similarly, serum COOH-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) levels were higher in the WBV controls than their own controls (p < 0, 05). Immobilization led to deterioration of tendon tissue, as observed by histopathological analysis with a transmission electron microscope. Although 1 week of WBV had a positive effect on type I collagen turnover in controls, it is not an efficient method for repairing tissue damage in the early stage following immobilization.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of short-term, high-magnitude whole-body vibration (WBV) on serum type I collagen turnover in immobilized rats. Thirty [...]
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Acro-osteolysis and calcinosis in patient with scleroderma: A case report
W. Choi, S. Park, Y. Ban, J. Kim

Collection of Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica (2017).

Abstract
Acro-osteolysis is a rare disease characterized by bone resorption involving the distal phalanges of the hand. We present a unique case of progressive acro-osteolysis of the distal phalanges and articular calcifications in a patient with scleroderma. The calcified deposit in a proximal interphalangeal joint was excised under local anesthesia. The medical treatment was arranged under the supervision of a rheumatologist.
Abstract
Acro-osteolysis is a rare disease characterized by bone resorption involving the distal phalanges of the hand. We present a unique case of progressive acro-osteolysis of the [...]
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Discriminative ability of calcaneal quantitative ultrasound compared with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in men with hip or distal forearm fractures
F. Cesme, S. Esmaeilzadeh, A. Oral

Collection of Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica (2017).

Abstract
The aim of this case–control study was to compare the discriminatory ability of bone mineral density (BMD) measurements and calcaneal quantitative ultrasound (QUS) parameters for fractures and to determine fracture thresholds for each variable in men with hip or distal forearm fractures. A total of 20 men with hip and 18 men with distal forearm fractures and 38 age-matched controls were included in this study. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) BMD (spine and hip) and calcaneal QUS measurements were made. Area under the curves (AUCs) were calculated to assess fracture discriminatory power of DXA and QUS variables. Quantitative Ultrasound Index (QUI) T-score and Speed of Sound (SOS) were found to be the best parameters for the identification of hip and distal forearm fractures, respectively, with AUCs greater than those of DXA BMD and other QUS parameters. While a QUI T-score of ≤−1.18 could identify and rule out hip fracture cases with approximately 80% sensitivity and specificity, a SOS value of ≤1529.75 reached to almost 90% for ruling in and out distal forearm fractures. The discriminatory performance of calcaneal QUS variables between fractured and non-fractured men was as good as those of the DXA BMD and even better. Since men appear to sustain fractures at closer QUS variable levels than those of the DXA BMD regardless of the fracture type, it may be speculated that calcaneal QUS may be more helpful in predicting the risk of fractures when BMD alone does not demonstrate impaired bones. Level of Evidence: Level III, Study of Diagnostic Test
Abstract
The aim of this case–control study was to compare the discriminatory ability of bone mineral density (BMD) measurements and calcaneal quantitative ultrasound (QUS) parameters [...]
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An anatomic study of the lateral patellofemoral ligament
S. Capkin, G. Zeybek, I. Ergur, C. Kosay, A. Kiray

Collection of Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica (2017).

Abstract
The lateral patellofemoral ligament (LPFL) is part of the lateral retinaculum cut during arthroscopic or open release. We investigated its anatomic and morphometric characteristics. We identified the LPFL insertion point on the condyle in vertical and sagittal planes in 32 adult cadaveric knees. We measured its length and width at the insertion point. We located the midpoint of this point and measured from it to the distal and posterior condylar ends. We measured anterior-posterior and proximal-distal lateral condylar lengths. We evaluated the insertion point shape on the lateral femoral condyle. Degree of relationship between variables was assessed using Pearsons correlation coefficient. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The LPFL mean length was 23.2 mm, and mean width at the insertion point was 15.6 mm. Regarding its insertion into the lateral condyle, central insertions were more frequent (vertical plane: 53.1% central and sagittal plane: 75% central). A significant positive correlation was evident between the LPFL length and width at the insertion point (p = 0.05). Thus, the LPFL length was proportional to its width at the insertion point. A significant positive correlation was found between the anterior-posterior condylar length and width of the LPFL at the insertion point (p = 0.017). Therefore, greater anterior-posterior condylar length equates to a larger area of insertion on the condyle. Greater width of the LPFL at the insertion point corresponds to greater LPFL and anterior-posterior lateral condylar lengths.
Abstract
The lateral patellofemoral ligament (LPFL) is part of the lateral retinaculum cut during arthroscopic or open release. We investigated its anatomic and morphometric characteristics. [...]
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Peritoneum and omentum are natural reservoirs for chondrocytes of osteochondral autografts: A comparative animal study
K. Buyukdogan, M. Doral, O. Bilge, E. Turhan, G. Huri, M. Sargon

Collection of Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica (2017).

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the omentum, peritoneum, paratenon and skeletal muscle on the proliferation of the cartilage tissue using rabbit model as an in vivo culture medium. 6 months old forty-five New Zealand rabbits were randomized into omentum, peritoneum, muscle, and Achilles paratenon groups. Standard sized osteochondral grafts were harvested from right knees and immediately placed into the specified tissues. Control group was fresh cartilage at the end of follow-up. After five months, samples were collected and evaluated macroscopically by measuring their dimensions (vertical = D1, horizontal = D2, and depth = D3) and volumes, and histologically by counting the chondrocyte number using camera lucida method. Macroscopically, increase in mean values for D1 and D2 dimensions of specimens from paratenon and omentum compared to pretransplant dimensions was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Although, volume measurements were higher in omentum and peritoneum group compared to pretransplant dimensions, increase was not significant (p > 0.05). Histologically, mean chondrocyte count was 14.0 ± 0.6 in fresh articular cartilage. Mean chondrocyte counts were 14.4 ± 0.9 in omentum group, 15.4 ± 1.0 in peritoneum group, 9.7 ± 1.3 in muscle group and 9.2 ± 0.4 in Achilles paratenon group respectively. However, mean chondrocyte counts were higher in samples of omentum and peritoneum group compared to fresh articular cartilage, increase was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Transplantation of the cartilage grafts into mesothelium enhanced the chondrocyte counts and volumes compared with the pretransplant measurements. Mesothelium may have the potential to be used as an in vivo culture medium for osteochondral tissue growth.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the omentum, peritoneum, paratenon and skeletal muscle on the proliferation of the cartilage tissue using rabbit [...]
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Comparison of intramedullary nailing and minimal invasive plate osteosynthesis in the treatment of simple intra-articular fractures of the distal tibia (AO-OTA type 43 C1-C2)
O. Beytemür, A. Barış, C. Albay, S. Yüksel, S. Çağlar, E. Alagöz

Collection of Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica (2017).

Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare midterm functional and radiographic results of minimal invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) with intramedullary nailing (IMN) of simple intra-articular distal tibial fractures (AO-OTA type 43 C1-C2). Seventy-three simple intra-articular distal tibial fracture patients were evaluated retrospectively. All were treated between 2009 and 2014. The average age of the patients was 40.3 years. Thirty-seven patients were treated with IMN and 36 patients were treated with MIPO. Fibular plate osteosynthesis was applied in 5 cases (13.5%) in the IMN group and in 23 patients (63.9%) in the MIPO group. Functional results and complications of IMN and MIPO methods were assessed in 73 patients. The average union time was 16.4 ± 2.7 weeks in the IMN group and 15.2 ± 1.8 weeks in the MIPO group (p = 0.079). The average Olerud-Molander Ankle Score was 87.8 ± 8.1 in the IMN group and 81.5 ± 11.8 in the MIPO group (p = 0.013). Four patients in the IMN group experienced valgus malunion, while it was not observed in any patients in the MIPO group (p = 0.042). Recurvatum malunion was detected in 10 patients in the MIPO group and not seen in the IMN group (p = 0.001). Ankle dorsiflexion angle was 25.8 ± 4.5° in the IMN group and 33.3 ± 8.9° in the MIPO group (p = 0.000). Simple intra-articular distal tibial fractures are successfully treated with IMN and MIPO. Prevalence of valgus malunion was higher in the IMN group and recurvatum was more prevalent in the MIPO group. MIPO is the first preference according to the literature, however, successful results have been obtained with IMN in this fracture pattern. Level III, Therapeutic Study.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare midterm functional and radiographic results of minimal invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) with intramedullary nailing (IMN) of simple [...]
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Treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head with free vascularized fibular grafting: Results of 7.6-year follow-up
M. Ünal, E. Cansu, F. Parmaksızoğlu, H. Cift, S. Gürcan

Collection of Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica (2017).

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine long term follow up of the patients who had femoral head osteonecrosis and had been treated with free vascularized fibular grafting. We retrospectively reviewed 28 hips of 21 patients who had undergone free vascularized fibular grafting for the treatment of osteonecrosis of femoral head. There were 16 male and 5 female patients. The mean age of the patients at the time of surgery was 30.7 years (between 15 and 53 years). The mean follow-up time was 7.6 years (between 5 years and 9.2 years). During follow-up, one patient died because of leukemia, and one patient was lost. The remaining 26 hips of 19 patients were evaluated. According to the Ficat classification, at the time of surgery, 17 hips were in grade 2 and 9 hips were in grade 3. The post-operative Harris hip scores in grade II disease were excellent in 12 patients, good in 3 patients, and fair in 1 patient. In grade III disease, 1 patient was excellent, 5 patients were good, and 1 patient was fair. There was a significant increase in HHS scores (61 ± 9.7 vs 84 ± 17.8, p < 0.001). Free vascularized fibular grafting yields extremely good results, particularly in pre-collapse stages of disease in young patients. The operation time does not mark increased if the surgical team is “familiar” with the procedure, and the residual fibular defect of the donor site does not impair the functions of daily living. Level IV, Therapeutic study.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine long term follow up of the patients who had femoral head osteonecrosis and had been treated with free vascularized fibular grafting. [...]
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Biomechanical comparison of orthogonal versus parallel double plating systems in intraarticular distal humerus fractures
A. Atalar, O. Tunalı, A. Erşen, M. Kapıcıoğlu, Y. Sağlam, M. Demirhan

Collection of Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica (2017).

Abstract
In intraarticular distal humerus fractures, internal fixation with double plates is the gold standard treatment. However the optimal plate configuration is not clear in the literature. The aim of this study was to compare the biomechanical stability of the parallel and the orthogonal anatomical locking plating systems in intraarticular distal humerus fractures in artificial humerus models. Intraarticular distal humerus fracture (AO13-C2) with 5 mm metaphyseal defect was created in sixteen artificial humeral models. Models were fixed with either orthogonal or parallel plating systems with locking screws (Acumed elbow plating systems). Both systems were tested for their stiffness with loads in axial compression, varus, valgus, anterior and posterior bending. Then plastic deformation after cyclic loading in posterior bending and load to failure in posterior bending were tested. The failure mechanisms of all the samples were observed. Stiffness values in every direction were not significantly different among the orthogonal and the parallel plating groups. There was no statistical difference between the two groups in plastic deformation values (0.31 mm–0.29 mm) and load to failure tests in posterior bending (372.4 N–379.7 N). In the orthogonal plating system most of the failures occurred due to the proximal shaft fracture, whereas in the parallel plating system failure occurred due to the shift of the most distal screw in proximal fragment. Our study showed that both plating systems had similar biomechanical stabilities when anatomic plates with distal locking screws were used in intraarticular distal humerus fractures in artificial humerus models.
Abstract
In intraarticular distal humerus fractures, internal fixation with double plates is the gold standard treatment. However the optimal plate configuration is not clear in the [...]
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Elastofibroma dorsi: Clinical evaluation of 61 cases and review of the literature
M. Deveci, H. Özbarlas, K. Erdoğan, Ö. Biçer, M. Tekin, C. Özkan

Collection of Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica (2017).

Abstract
Elastofibroma dorsi (ED) is a rare, benign, soft tissue tumor typically located between inferior corner of scapula and posterior chest wall causing mass, scapular snapping, and pain. When classic symptoms and localization are present, it is diagnosed without biopsy and treated with marginal resection. This study retrospectively analyzed patients operated on for ED to evaluate presenting symptoms, tumor size, complications, and clinical results, and to suggest optimal treatments. This study included 51 patients who underwent surgery for ED in 2 different clinics between 2005 and 2015. Patient age, gender, profession, side affected, symptoms, average duration of symptoms, and tumor size were researched. Radiological examinations of patients were evaluated. Patients with lesions larger than 5 cm in size were operated on. Postoperative complications, recurrence, and functional results were evaluated using Constant score and compared to preoperative values. A total of 61 operated lesions of 51 patients clinically and radiologically diagnosed with ED were retrospectively evaluated. Average length of time patient experienced symptoms was 11.21 months. Lesions in 19 (37.2%) patients were bilateral, 10 of which were symptomatic and larger than 5 cm in size, meeting indication for surgery. Average lesion diameter was 8.7 cm. Average follow-up was 26.89 months. Average of preoperative Constant score of 67.28 subsequently increased to 92.88 (p < 0.05). Seroma and hematoma were observed in 11.5% of patients. Generally, good clinical results can be obtained with marginal resection without requiring a biopsy, considering classic complaints and radiological appearance of ED. Level IV, Therapeutic study.
Abstract
Elastofibroma dorsi (ED) is a rare, benign, soft tissue tumor typically located between inferior corner of scapula and posterior chest wall causing mass, scapular snapping, [...]
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Clinical and pathological results of denosumab treatment for giant cell tumors of bone: Prospective study of 14 cases
M. Deveci, S. Paydaş, G. Gönlüşen, C. Özkan, Ö. Biçer, M. Tekin

Collection of Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica (2017).

Abstract
Giant cell tumor of bone (GCT) is a primary, osteolytic, benign tumor of the bone. Surgery is the commonly used treatment, however, recurrence remains a problem. Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (RANKL) is responsible for the formation of osteoclastic cells. Discovery of RANKL and its human monoclonal antibody, denosumab, led to use of denosumab for treatment of GCT. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical and pathological results of treatment of GCT with denosumab and to assess adverse effect profile and recurrence rate. Thirteen patients with 14 lesions were enrolled in the study. Mean age was 38.3 years. Patients were given subcutaneous injections of denosumab (120 mg) every 4 weeks (with additional doses on days 0, 8 and 15 in cycle 1 only) and were radiologically evaluated for tumor response. Pain and functional status were measured using Visual Analog Score (VAS) and Musculoskeletal Tumor Society Score (MSTS). Adverse effects were analyzed after each cycle. Participants were 5 men and 8 women. Mean follow-up was 17 months. One lesion was Campanacci grade I, 8 were grade II, and 5 were grade III. Eight lesions were recurrent, and remaining were primary lesions. After average of 9 cycles (range: 4–17 cycles), all tumors underwent radiological regression. Ten lesions were removed surgically. More than 90% of giant cells were found to have regressed in all pathological specimens. On last follow-up, average VAS was 1 and MSTS was 87%. Fatigue and joint and muscle pain after injections was reported by 46% of patients, and mild hypocalcaemia was seen in 1 patient. Denosumab has been shown to be a successful drug in treatment of GCT. Denosumab can be used as neoadjuvant for all recurrent lesions, grade II lesions with high surgical risk, grade III lesions, and metastatic cases of GCT. Level IV, Therapeutic study
Abstract
Giant cell tumor of bone (GCT) is a primary, osteolytic, benign tumor of the bone. Surgery is the commonly used treatment, however, recurrence remains a problem. Receptor [...]
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Efficacy of preoperative administration of single high dose intravenous tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss in total knee arthroplasty: A prospective clinical study
T. Akgül, M. Büget, A. Salduz, İ. Edipoğlu, M. Ekinci, S. Küçükay, C. Şen

Collection of Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica (2017).

Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyse the effectiveness of single dose of 20 mg/kg intravenous tranexamic acid (TXA), in reducing the blood loss in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). 70 patients (65.5 ± 8.1 years old) that have undergone TKA were divided in two groups. The 20 mg/kg IV TXA was given before the skin incision to one group (study group). On the control group, TKA was performed without TXA. The demographic data, body mass index, amount of bleeding and erythrocyte infusion during the operation, hemoglobin and hematocrit values (preoperative and 48th hour), the amount of drainage after the operation were compared between the groups. The total amount of bleeding in the study group was 634.03 ± 182.88 ml and 1166.42 ± 295.92 ml in the control group (p < 0.001). Perioperative bleeding was 252.01 ± 144.13 ml in the study group and 431.33 ± 209.10 ml in the control group (p = 0.018). The drainage after the operation was 311.11 ± 141.64 ml at the 24th hour in the study group, 640.74 ± 279.43 ml at the 24th hour in the control group (p < 0.001). The drainage after 24th hour was 97.96 ± 115.86 ml in the study group and 112.96 ± 64.43 ml in the control group (p = 0.584). A high, single dose of TXA intravenously given to the patient prior to the TKA significantly reduces the bleeding during the operation and within the postoperative 24 h. There is no significant change in the bleeding amount after the 24th hour following the operation.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyse the effectiveness of single dose of 20 mg/kg intravenous tranexamic acid (TXA), in reducing the blood loss in patients undergoing total [...]
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A computational model for the evaluation of the spray generation of a Wave Adaptive Modular Vessel
J. García-Espinosa, E. Oñate, B. Serván-Camas, P. Nadukandi, P. Becker, A. Autor

Collection of Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica (2017).

Abstract
This paper presents part of the work done within the project ‘Advanced Numerical Simulation and Performance Evaluation of WAM-V ® in Spray Generating Conditions’ developed by the International Center for Numerical Methods in Engineering (CIMNE) under Navy Grant N62909-12-1-7101 issued by the Office of Naval Research Global. One of the primary goals of that project was the development of a computational model for simulation of the Wave Adaptive Modular Vessel (WAM-V®) under spray generating conditions. For this purpose, a Semi-Lagrangian Particle Finite Element Method (SL-PFEM) has been applied. This is the latest development within the framework of the so-called Particle Finite Element Method (PFEM), using the X-IVAS (eXplicit Integration along the Velocity and Acceleration Streamlines) scheme. In this paper we demonstrate the applicability of the SL-PFEM using the X-IVAS scheme for the simulation of the Wave Adaptive Modular Vehicle under spray generating conditions.
Abstract
This paper presents part of the work done within the project ‘Advanced Numerical Simulation and Performance Evaluation of WAM-V ® in Spray Generating Conditions’ [...]
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Retraction notice to “A new femoral nail with single distal locking screw for maximum interfragment rotational stability” Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2016;50(1):89–96
A. Karaarslan, H. Aycan, Y. Örgen, A. Karakaşli, F. Ertem, E. Sesli

Collection of Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica (2017).
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Short Form Health Survey version-2.0 Turkish (SF-36v2) is an efficient outcome parameter in musculoskeletal research
C. García, D. Çelik, Ö. Çoban

Collection of Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica (2017).

Abstract
Although the Short Form Health Survey version-2.0 (SF-36v2) is widely used since 2000, the researchers and clinicians in Turkey have been still using the original version. However, the original version includes many deficiencies and the SF-36v2 was introduced aiming to correct these deficiencies. The purpose of this study is to indicate differences between SF-36 and SF-36v2 and the present cross cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of the SF-36v2. The SF-36v2 was cross culturally adapted to Turkish and the measurement properties of the Turkish version of the SF-36v2 were tested in 50 patients (19 males, mean ± SD age: 36.9 ± 14.6 years, range: 16–65 years, BMI, 24.1 ± 4.6) with a variety of musculoskeletal pathologies. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were used to estimate the test-retest reliability. Construct validity was analyzed with SF-36v2 and EuroQol Group (EQ-5D). The distribution of ceiling and floor effects was determined. During the cross-cultural adaptation process many changes were made. The Turkish SF-36v2 subscales showed excellent test-retest reliability which was ranged 0.80 to 0.95. The highest correlation was found between SF-36v2-PCS and SF-36v2-PF (r = 0.75), the lowest correlation was found between SF-36v2-PCS and SF-36v2-MH (r = 0.05). The correlations between EQ-5D and SF-36v2 subscales ranged from 0.10 (SF-36v2 –VT) to 0.46 (SF-36v2 –RE). We observed no ceiling and floor effects. The cultural adaptation of the SF-36v2 was successful. The SF-36v2 has sufficient reliability and validity to measure a variety of musculoskeletal pathologies for Turkish-speaking individuals.
Abstract
Although the Short Form Health Survey version-2.0 (SF-36v2) is widely used since 2000, the researchers and clinicians in Turkey have been still using the original version. [...]
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Usando Instrucción Programada por Computadora para el Entrenamiento de Diseños de Sistema Orientados a Metas
N. Weatherly, A. International, R. Malott

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate two versions of a programmed instruction training program designed to teach undergraduate college students a goal-directed systems approach to analyzing organizational systems (Malott & Garcia, 1987). The first version was a paper-based programmed instruction module that had previously been shown to be effective at training the basic knowledge of the concepts, however was ineffective at training the application of these concepts. A computer-based programmed instruction (CBPI) version was created to improve the application of these concepts, which was tested through a series of three open-ended posttests with increasingly explicit prompts for each successive test. The results of the study showed higher performance results for the CBPI versions across all three dependent variables. The results of a nonparametric global test showed a standardized effect size of .86 and a p-value of
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate two versions of a programmed instruction training program designed to teach undergraduate college students a goal-directed systems [...]
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Inclusion and exclusion parameters in happiness and life satisfaction outliners in Mexico
J. Noriega, F. Arellanes, H. Freire, I. Millán

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The present analysis is made about the National Survey Well-being (BIARE, for its acronym in Spanish) constructed by National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI) for obtain subjective indicators well-being and happiness. The objective its to know the characteristics and differences between the people who report the lowest well-being and the highest well-being perception. The happiness indicator was selected from the questions: «How satisfied are you? » and «How many happy are you?», which have a ten-point responding scale, happy people was selected from point 10 (totally satisfied). People unhappy was selected from point 0 = «Nothing satisfied» and point 1 = «A little satisfied». Descriptive statistics and hypothesis test was performed for evaluate group differences using chi-square and U Mann-Whitney test. The conclusion its that the unhappy people, compared with the happy people, perceive unhappiness during long time, obtained achievements and recognition were lowest for unhappy people, more presence of diseases, few economic resources, few social contact with family and friends, lower capacity to give support to people and a lower perception of coping capacities.
Abstract
The present analysis is made about the National Survey Well-being (BIARE, for its acronym in Spanish) constructed by National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI) [...]
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Exploratory analysis of the scale of Sternberg love in university Peruvian students
J. León, T. Rodríguez

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The article describes the properties psicométricas of the Triangular Scale of the Love of Sternberg (1986) (ETAS). The scale was administered to 455 university students of Metropolitan Lima, 145 males and 310 women, whose ages ranged between 16 to 51 years. The results reveal a reliability, by means of Cronbachs alfa, for the total scale of .964. The factors intimidate, commitment and passion present indexes of reliability of .947.922 and.848 respectively. All the coefficients of reliability are considered to be excellent. The analysis factorial exploratorio suggested that they are three factors those that sublie to the articles, though there is evidence of the existence of an alone factor. One concludes that the ETAS presents suitable properties psicométrica, an analysis being recommended to realize factorial confirmatory in order to check the internal structure.
Abstract
The article describes the properties psicométricas of the Triangular Scale of the Love of Sternberg (1986) (ETAS). The scale was administered to 455 university students of [...]
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Evaluation of a Treatment Program to Stop Drinking
M. Altamirano, A. Alcaráz, L. García, M. Cáceres

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the results of the treatment program for people who have problems with their drinking developed at Centros de Integración Juvenil, institute dedicated to treat, prevent and investigate addictions in Mexico. The evaluation was made by a cuanticualitative, transversal, comparative, ex post facto design. The first estimate was carried out with a purposive sample of 170 people (133 men and 37 women) who were participating in the treatment program. To do this, was design the test of Program Evaluation for Drinkers (CEPROBE ) to examine the emotional and health state, social integration, criminal behavior, assertiveness to confront the offer of alcohol, habit changes attributed to alcohol program and to assess service quality standards. For the second analysis, 24 Psychologists and 1 Physician (18 men and 7 women) were interviewed it means at an open questionnaire that explores the experience of the therapist in the course of the program. Overall, 47.3% of the patients decreased de use of alcohol, while 48.5% were able to quit it. With the Kruskal-Wallis test, the results suggest significant differences in the socio-emotional status mentioned and alcohol use of the subjects. Under the perception of patients and therapist, the program fulfilled adequately quality standards.
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the results of the treatment program for people who have problems with their drinking developed at Centros de Integración Juvenil, institute [...]
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Construct and Psychometric Validation of the Dwelling’s Privacy Scale
E. Velasco, S. Mercado, I. Lagunes

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The main objective of this research was to generate a reliable and valid scale that assessed dwelling privacy in Mexico City’s population. A scale was developed specifically for this purpose. The scale included 20 items with five options for answers (Never, few times, sometimes, frequently and always). The scale was applied to a sample of 200 Mexico City’s inhabitants in order to obtain its psychometrical validation. The distribution of the participants was as follow: age between 14 to 75, 110 women and 90 men: diverse occupations and school levels. A proper analysis took place in order to learn about the items discriminative power, reliability and valid factorial structure. The final scale was conformed by 11 items organized by three factors as follow: 1) Information Access Control, 2) Person Access Control and 3) Intimacy it explains 68% of variance and has a reliability of Cronbach Alpha =0.89. Afterwards a Confirmatory Factor Analysis was conducted to verify if the structure obtained from the Principal Component Analysis was correct, and a good fit was achieved (df=39, x2= 48.07, p = .151, CFI= .987, RMSEA= .032).
Abstract
The main objective of this research was to generate a reliable and valid scale that assessed dwelling privacy in Mexico City’s population. A scale was developed specifically [...]
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Redefiniendo la felicidad: frecuencia versus intensidad
P. Matus, G. Orozco, S. Aragón, R. Loving

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
Mexico is consistently portrayed as a happy country. Research endeavors, both national and international, show that Mexicos levels of happiness are favorable, although little has been done regarding specific measurement underpinnings. There is a constant debate on whether happiness should be measured in terms of frequency or intensity of positive affect over negative affect (Diener, Sandvik, & Pavot, 2009), although some consensus points toward frequencys superiority over intensity of emotions. Some authors insist that frequency can me more easily and accurately measured than intensity, allowing for cross-person metric comparisons. This research put to test the frequency-intensity debate by providing several conceptual frameworsk that accentuated one over the other, allowing people to decide how they defined their own happiness. Two independent samples (n1 = 158, n2 = 583) of Mexican men and women provided insights on whether happiness in Mexico is defined in terms of frequency or intensity. Once it was defined, happiness levels were compared between two groups showing that those who define happiness as “frequency” present higher levels of joy. This research supports the premise that happiness could be defined as the sum of frequent events, congruent with bottom-up approaches to happiness and wellbeing.
Abstract
Mexico is consistently portrayed as a happy country. Research endeavors, both national and international, show that Mexicos levels of happiness are favorable, although little [...]
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The influence of the couple in coping with heart disease
I. Montero, A. Roda

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The main aim of our study is to analyze the influence of social support on cardiac illness adjustment and on health recommendations adherence. The sample was 109 patients and their partners, all of them included in the Cardiac Rehabilitation Program of the Ramon y Cajal Hospital in Madrid. Our results show that partner support has not a significant impact on patientś adjustment (received support [P = .46] and satisfaction with received support [P = .041]). However, partner support has a significant effect on adherence to health recommendations (food, physical exercise, smoking, etc), most of all in the 8 and 12 months’ follow-up (P < .001). Perhaps, in the first stages of illness, support provided for other sources (health professionals, other patients, etc.) could be more important than partner support, most of all taking into account that patients were included in a clinical intervention. As supervision decreases, the effect of partner support on adherence increases. The implications of our results for future interventions and research are discussed.
Abstract
The main aim of our study is to analyze the influence of social support on cardiac illness adjustment and on health recommendations adherence. The sample was 109 patients [...]
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Dimensionality of the Brief Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire in Mexico
M. Farfano, C. Ramírez, R. Treviño, F. Treviño, G. Mónica

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
Recent models emphasized the importance in research of beliefs and its appraisal in the etiology and maintenance of OCD. The aim of the present study is the development and validation of a short form of the Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (OBQ, Belloch et al. 2003) in Mexican population. This topic was addressed through two different studies. Study 1: Exploratory factor analysis of the short version (200 non clinical subjects). The results show a different factor solution. Study 2: Testing for the equivalence of latent mean structures in multi-group analyses (200 and 202 non clinical subjects). A three-factor, 20 items, model emerged as the best factorial solution with similar psychometric properties to those of an English version (OBQ, Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire, 2003). Given its consistency and repeatability, the Mexican version of the OBQ is a suitable instrument for the assessment of dysfunctional beliefs, although studies with clinical samples are needed.
Abstract
Recent models emphasized the importance in research of beliefs and its appraisal in the etiology and maintenance of OCD. The aim of the present study is the development and [...]
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Nostalgia for the couple
J. Medina, Y. Oca, M. Muñoz, B. Gómez, E. Gasca, A. Vallejo, B. Giles, Y. Barajas, N. Fuentes

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The objective of the present investigation was to describe the nostalgic experience for a previous partner, who is considered as someone important. We worked based on a non-probabilistic intentional sampling, composed by 200 young college students equally divided by sex, from 18 to 25 years old in the city of Toluca, México. We used a questionnaire validated by experts judges with a level of agreement higher than 85%, composed by six open questions. The applications were individual, in an approximately 20 minutes, in academic areas of the Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. According to the obtained results, it was found that most of participants have had an important partner in their lifetime and what they liked the most about that partner was their personality, good treatment, physical appearance, favorable interaction and material benefits. Both sexes have frequent memories of that partner, been the men who report them most. Practically, all the participants agree that they miss the afective area. Men yearn the favorable interaction, while women miss more the share-time with the partner. The factors that motivates them to keep their actual relationship are the positive affection, comprehension, support and trust, personality, company, physical appearance and material benefits. Finally, most of participants declared that they do not consider as a posibility the get back together with their yearned partner, despite missing the animic status that they set up in the moment.
Abstract
The objective of the present investigation was to describe the nostalgic experience for a previous partner, who is considered as someone important. We worked based on a non-probabilistic [...]
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Causes That Take To Infidelity: An Analysis By Sex
J. Medina, B. Colín, M. Martínez, Y. Oca, N. Fuentes, M. Muñoz

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The aim was to detect the causes that lead more often to men and women to present the behavior of infidelity. To do this, it worked with a nonrandom sample of intentional type, consisting of 75 couples married and 75 couples in a dating relationship, residents of Toluca city, on condition of having committed an infidelity to their own partner. After obtaining the consent of each participant, applications were held individually at the Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. The results show that infidelity had its origin in the lack. That is, in the absence of some satisfactions that they do not get with that couple. Also found that men committed an infidelity because they were feeling bored, uncomfortable, by a sexual need, for lack of variety and because they were confused in the relationship, compared with women who did it because they felt alone and misunderstood in the relationship. It was interesting to find that people who returned with the couple to whom they were infidel, they argued their decision because they found stability and love, that supposedly tried to get into the relationship of infidelity.
Abstract
The aim was to detect the causes that lead more often to men and women to present the behavior of infidelity. To do this, it worked with a nonrandom sample of intentional [...]
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Occupational Burnout Syndrome and its Relationship to Health and Psychosocial Risk in Public Officials who Administer Justice in Mexico City
J. Prado, P. Flores, C. Galicia, A. Saisó

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The purposes of this study were to determine the prevalence of psychosocial risk in major public officials who administer justice in Mexico City, and to identify the relationship between socio-demographic variables, occupational wear (burnout) and psychosomatic disorders. Information of 75 workers who administer justice was obtained in Mexico, DF (n = 75) by the Occupational Scale Wear of Uribe-Prado (2010). The results showed that burnout is the best variable to predict psychosomatic disorders in terms of psychosocial factors at work, analyzes of this study are discussed in terms of the importance of understanding the effects of psychosocial risk prevention, diagnosis and intervention from the response to chronic stress. Correlations, analysis of variance, regressions and a structural model to adjust the variables used in structural terms. Cronbach’s alpha for the evaluated variables was located between .63 and .83 reliability. The importance of secretaries, judges and magistrates to administer justice undertake their work in terms of occupational health is emphasized.
Abstract
The purposes of this study were to determine the prevalence of psychosocial risk in major public officials who administer justice in Mexico City, and to identify the relationship [...]
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Explanatory Models of Condom Use in Coital Sex of Adolescents
J. Alvarado, J. Villalobos, X. Salinas, A. Casis

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to systematically investigate the attitudinal and interpersonal factors that influence condom use in coital sex between high school students and to develop structural models that show the interrelationships and the direct and indirect effects of these factors on frequency of condom use. Participants were 527 adolescents who reported having consensual sex at least once in life. For this matter a questionnaire measuring frequency of sex and condom use during sexual encounters was used, also 80 ordinal questions divided into five factors: 1) sexual assertiveness, 2) sexual submission, 3) low sexual risk perception, 4) infatuation and 5) acceptance of condom use. Using structural equations trajectories and frequency of condom use were drawn. Structural models for men and women show acceptable levels of fitness to the data as well as significant direct effects between all the variables, specifically direct effect of variables acceptance on condom use and sexual assertiveness on the frequency of preservative use. These results extend the possibilities of explanation and psychosocial intervention on sexual risk behavior among adolescents.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to systematically investigate the attitudinal and interpersonal factors that influence condom use in coital sex between high school students [...]
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Worldviews, authoritarianism and dominance in different kinds of prejudice
J. Ungaretti, E. Etchezahar

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
Worldviews are cognitive schemas available for individuals through the socialization process that generates stable social worldviews. The dangerous worldview (DW) and the competitive jungle worldview (CW) have been widely studied. Both are related to different social attitudes: DW relates to the right wing authoritarianism (RWA) and CW relates with social dominance orientation (SDO). Meanwhile, RWA and SDO are two social attitudes that predict different forms of prejudice. The main objective of this study was to adapt and validate the worldviews scale (WV) to the local context, and then to test two paths analysis with relationships between variables proposed in the background. Participants were 376 university students with an age range between 18 and 42 years (M = 24.29, SD = 3.3). Main results indicate adequate psychometric properties for the bi-dimensional worldviews model. Furthermore, it was also noted that the path analysis between DW-RWA-Prejudice was adequate, while the other including CW-SDO-Prejudice has metric problems.
Abstract
Worldviews are cognitive schemas available for individuals through the socialization process that generates stable social worldviews. The dangerous worldview (DW) and the [...]
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Entendiendo la violencia en el Islam
H. Triandis

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
In the context of reduced violence world-wide, as documented by Pinker (2011), Islam is an exception, i.e., it is more violent than other cultures. Can contemporary cultural psychology explain aspects of this difference? It is hypothesized that violence is more frequent in cultures that are vertical collectivist than in cultures that are horizontal individualist. The paper reviews data that are generally consistent with this hypothesis. Furthermore, most Muslims are not violent, but perhaps 1 percent do engage in jihad. What personality aspects might explain this difference? It is argued that self-deception is very common among humans and the jihadists are especially susceptible to self-deception. Religion provides important benefits but it is also often related to violence. One way to reduce aspects of Islamic violence is for the West to ridicule Islam less. The paper also provides Islam with a more realistic model of its religion.
Abstract
In the context of reduced violence world-wide, as documented by Pinker (2011), Islam is an exception, i.e., it is more violent than other cultures. Can contemporary cultural [...]
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Auto-engaño: Una introducción
H. Triandis

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
Self-deception has been studied by philosophers and psychologists for some time. Frenkel-Brunswik (1939) published the first psychology paper. In Triandis (2009 p. ix) there are references to 24 papers by philosophers and psychologists that examined this concept. All humans have self-deceptions, some more frequently than others. That is, they see the world the way they would like to be rather than the way it is. As I thought about the concept over the years I believe that the most important point for understanding self-deception is to examine what percentage of the information that humans use when constructing (Taylor, 1998b) the way they see the world comes from inside their body or from outside their body. If most of it comes from inside their body there is a high probability that they have a self-deception. The information from inside the body consists of emotions (e.g., hopes), needs (e.g., hunger pangs), desires (e.g., imagined attractive objects), cognitive systems (e.g., prejudices, stereotypes, in-group preferences), memories (e.g., we are descendents of heroes), theories, ideologies, and elements of subjective culture acquired during socialization. The information from the outside the body is reality, and captures aspects of the ecology. Geography, climate, the actions of others, occupations, and events in the environment, are all relevant. For example, when a wild animal is attacking we focus on outside information. But when making judgments about philosophy, economics, religion, education, politics, terrorism, aesthetics and the like we often use inside information to shape our perceptions. The Buddha had the insight that we use information from both outside the body (reality, truth) and inside our body (emotions, ideology) when he said “Where self is, truth is not, where truth is, self is not.” (Spencer-Rogers, Williams, & Pang, 2010). In this paper I will start with some examples of self-deception. Then I will discuss some of the characteristics of self-deception—it is often linked to cognitive simplicity, megalomania, and if we have no self-deceptions we might be depressed, but if we have large self-deceptions we might be mentally ill. Then I will discuss how self-deception is implicated in many of the controversial issues of our times. I will end with some suggestions for further research linking culture and self-deception.
Abstract
Self-deception has been studied by philosophers and psychologists for some time. Frenkel-Brunswik (1939) published the first psychology paper. In Triandis (2009 p. ix) there [...]
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Do methods modulate the relation among delay, probability and social discounting?
A. Toledo, R. Ávila

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
Delay, probability and social discounting refer to the decrease in the subjective value of a reward as a function of its delay of delivery, probability or social distance, respectively. One question in the area is whether the three types of discounting share the same process or whether they are held by different processes. This question has been investigated by looking at the correlations between the three types of discounting. Moreover, it has been suggested that the method used to obtain the indifference points could modulate the discounting rates. However, the search of a common process underlying the three types of discounting should not be influenced by the method used to obtain the indifference points. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether the method used to obtain the indifference points contributes to the correlation between the three types of discounting. Forty-four college students responded tasks of delay, probability and social discounting —which used a hypothetical monetary reward— with two different methods: Binary choice and adjusting amount. We found significant correlations between binary-choice and adjusting-amount methods for the three types of discounting. Albeit, a significantly higher delay discounting rate was found with the adjusting-amount method rather than with the binary-choice method, but there were no significant differences between the probability and social discounting rates obtained with both methods. In addition to the previous results, with the binary-choice method it was found that social discounting correlated with delay and probability discounting, but the last two did not correlate between them. In contrast, with the adjusting-amount method, it was only found a correlation between delay and probability discounting. The latter result suggests that the method used to obtain the indifference points contributes to the search of a common process between the three types of discounting. Actually a common decision-making process underlying the three types of discounting could depend on the context in which the choice is made.
Abstract
Delay, probability and social discounting refer to the decrease in the subjective value of a reward as a function of its delay of delivery, probability or social distance, [...]
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Processing Speed as a Predictor of Vocabulary in the Second Year of Life
P. Brito, E. Canto, E. Velasco

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine if processing speed, measured as visual reaction time (RT), of 10 month-olds obtained through an IPLP (Intermodal Preferential Looking Paradigm) in a word learning task, can be an indicator of communicative abilities such as productive vocabulary, during the second year of life. Participants were 13 infants of 9-12 months of age (X=10.15) at the beginning of the study, whose native language was Spanish and without visual or auditory problems reported by parents. The same group of infants was evaluated when they were between 24 and 30 months of age. Infants’ RTs were obtained at the age of 10 months in a word learning task, and related to communicative abilities measured with the Inventario de Habilidades Comunicativas MacArthur Versión II (CDI-II) when the infants were between 24 and 30 months of age (X=27.10). A linear regression analysis was performed using the RT from the experimental task as a predictor and the CDI-II vocabulary score as dependent variable. It was found that RT measured at 10 months of age can be used as a predictor of the vocabulary size in the same infants 18 months later. The results presented here imply that infants who take longer in processing a novel object associated with a novel word, are the ones who will have more words in their productive vocabulary during the second year of life, as reported by parents. The measures of processing speed in this study, demonstrates the length of time it takes a child to process non-familiar information in real time. The results obtained, support the study of processing speed at early ages in tasks that measure cognitive abilities other than word recognition. It suggests taking into account the analysis of individual differences, either processing speed or vocabulary, to better understand the relationship between these two variables in the first years of life. Furthermore, the results obtained in this paper highlight the importance of the study of RT in early ages and give information about the effects of slower or faster information processing over different linguistic abilities in infants.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine if processing speed, measured as visual reaction time (RT), of 10 month-olds obtained through an IPLP (Intermodal Preferential Looking [...]
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Las Ciencias de Aprendizaje, Instrucción y Evaluación como Cimientos de la Instrucción Generativa del Modelo Morningside
E. Street, K. Johnson

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
This paper focuses on a subset of the practices that have created the powerful learning technology developed and disseminated by Morningside Academy in Seattle, Washington, U.S.A. We briefly describe this technology, known as the Morningside Model of Generative Instruction, and tell how it builds on the selectionist approach of B. F. Skinner and the pragmatic approach of John Dewey. We also describe the critical role Precision Teaching plays at Morningside Academy and its dependence on findings from the science of learning and the science of instruction, including placement of learners, task analysis, content analysis, instructional protocols, and principles of instructional design. Last, we acknowledge the symbiotic relation between effective Direct Instruction programs that teach skills to accuracy levels and Precision Teaching, which takes these accurate repertoires and systematically turns them into high frequency performances that take on the character of fluent repertoires. Over time, using Precision Teaching across multiple and successive repertoires also creates more agile learners.
Abstract
This paper focuses on a subset of the practices that have created the powerful learning technology developed and disseminated by Morningside Academy in Seattle, Washington, [...]
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Working Memory and Fluid Intelligence. A Review of its Relations
F. Stelzer, M. Andés, L. Canet-Juric, I. Introzzi

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of the relationship between working memory and fluid intelligence. A search was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar database using a combination of the Spanish and English terms working memory (memoria de trabajo) and fluid intelligence (inteligencia fluida). The review indicates that attention control and the ability to retrieve information from long-term memory would be the processes through which working memory and fluid intelligence are related. However, there are conflicting results regarding the role of retention of information and information processing capacity in this relationship. We concluded by pointing out some methodological aspects that would enhance the understanding of the relationship between working memory and fluid intelligence.
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of the relationship between working memory and fluid intelligence. A search was conducted in PubMed and Google [...]
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Related Factors to Maternal Intake Control Practices in Preschoolers
C. Silva, B. Jiménez-Cruz, A. Hernández-Medina

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
Parenting practices during the first years of life are crucial for the development of food preferences, self-regulation of intake and for establishing habits. The role of mothers is essential in the monitoring of their children´s feeding, and their practices may be influenced by several factors. In this study the relationship between mothers’ attitudes towards eating, the importance given to their own weight and that of their children, and intake control exerted over them was evaluated. 82 mothers of preschoolers participated. They were administered the Child Feeding Questionnaire, the Intake Control Exercised on the Children Questionnaire, and the Questionnaire of Emotions and Beliefs to Eating and Weight. Results indicate that concerns about the own weight and the children´s, the attitudes towards eating and the importance given to weight control, are related to the control exerted on children´s intake. This could generate thoughts and behaviors that could be constituted as risk or protective factors in the development of eating habits.
Abstract
Parenting practices during the first years of life are crucial for the development of food preferences, self-regulation of intake and for establishing habits. The role of [...]
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Construction of a Short Version Scale of Trait Depression in Adolescents
C. Silva, B. Jiménez-Cruz

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
Since adolescence is a particularly vulnerable stage to present depressed mood, and because there is a greater emphasis on depression as a state with the consequent lack of instruments to evaluate it as a feature (understood as the tendency to respond in a depressive way to daily situations), 407 young people with an average age of 20.14 years were evaluated. As the result, a reliable scale of five items was obtained (α = .711) useful to assess depression trait in adolescents. Its validity was confirmed by the convergence of the obtained scores with those resulting from the IDERE (Ramirez, Grau, Martin & Grau, 1989).
Abstract
Since adolescence is a particularly vulnerable stage to present depressed mood, and because there is a greater emphasis on depression as a state with the consequent lack of [...]
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Administration of GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculline prevents the effects of administration of 5-HT1A receptor agonist on the discriminative properties of amphetamine
A. Sandoval-Sánchez, J. Jiménez, D. Velázquez-Martínez, F. Miranda

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
In this research, the effects of systemic administration of the GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculline on the effects of 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT on the discriminative properties of the AMPH using the conditioned taste aversion procedure were evaluated. The results showed that neither 8-OH-DPAT nor bicuculline administration did not substitute for AMPH. However, the 8-OH-DPAT administration decreased the discriminative signal of AMPH and the bicuculline administration, prior to the 8-OH-DPAT administration plus a dose of AMPH prevented the effect of the 8-OH-DPAT on discriminative signal of AMPH. These data support the hypothesis that addiction-related behaviors of drugs such as AMPH involve several neurotransmitter systems such as DA, 5-HT and GABA.
Abstract
In this research, the effects of systemic administration of the GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculline on the effects of 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT on the discriminative [...]
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Support, Supervision and Communication with Parents and its Relation to the Sexual Behavior of Young People in Conflict with the Law
R. Medina, S. Montijo

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The present study was aimed to determine the profile of sexual risk behavior of adolescents in conflict with the law, and analyze the influence of parents on such behavior, considering the level of support and supervision of their children perceive them and the frequency with which they communicate on issues related to sexual health care. 320 men (M = 16.33 years) belonging to a Community Diagnostic of Mexico. The results showed that adolescents have sexual risk profile, they have started their sexual debut from the thirteen years they have multiple sexual partners were evaluated, and they report different sexual practices, a high percentage of teenagers reported having had sex under the influence of alcohol and drugs. Over 20% reported some sexual health problem. Regarding the role of the parents was found to promote different preventive behaviors, depending on whether the father or mother, for example, they delay their sexual debut, greater frequency of condom use, is less frequent sex under the effects of alcohol and drugs. The results are discussed in terms of the importance of involving parents in the assessment of sexual behavior and sexual health programs generate in this population.
Abstract
The present study was aimed to determine the profile of sexual risk behavior of adolescents in conflict with the law, and analyze the influence of parents on such behavior, [...]
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Nicotine Assessment as an Aversive Stimulus
H. Sánchez-Castillo, G. Olivares, A. Reyes, D. Trejo, F. Herrera

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
Nicotine is the main ingredient of tobacco and it has been described as aversive, reinforce and procognitive. However there is not enough research about the overlapping of the dose-dependent effects as aversive stimulus and precognitive effects. For those reasons we evaluated the nicotine effects on the Conditioned Taste Aversion paradigm (CTA) to measure the dose-response curve of the aversive effects of nicotine and to compare such effects with the procognitive effects reported. 20 male Wistar rats in standard laboratory conditions were randomly assigned to 5 groups (0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 y 1.6 mg/kg i.p.). The obtained results showed a dose-dependent decrease with a maximum effect at 1.6 mg/kg dose, however we founded effects from the 0.8 mg/kg dose, such dose overlapped with procognitive doses reported. These results allow us to propose that some effects could be due the periferical aversive effects instead of the central procognitive effects.
Abstract
Nicotine is the main ingredient of tobacco and it has been described as aversive, reinforce and procognitive. However there is not enough research about the overlapping of [...]
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Nicotine Assessment as an Aversive Stimulus
H. Sánchez-Castillo, G. Olivares, A. Reyes, D. Trejo, F. Herrera

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
Nicotine is the main ingredient of tobacco and it has been described as aversive, reinforce and procognitive. However there is not enough research about the overlapping of the dose-dependent effects as aversive stimulus and precognitive effects. For those reasons we evaluated the nicotine effects on the Conditioned Taste Aversion paradigm (CTA) to evaluated the dose-response curve of the aversive effects of nicotine and to compare such effects with the procognitive effects reported. 20 male Wistar rats in standard laboratory conditions were randomly assigned to 5 groups (0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 y 1.6 mg/kg i.p.). The obtained results showed a dose-dependent decrease with a maximum effect at 1.6 mg/kg dose, however we founded effects from the 0.8 mg/kg dose, such dose overlapped with procognitive doses reported. These results allow us to propose that some effects could be due the periferical aversive effects instead of the central procognitive effects.
Abstract
Nicotine is the main ingredient of tobacco and it has been described as aversive, reinforce and procognitive. However there is not enough research about the overlapping of [...]
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Causes and Portrayal of Romantic Grief Stages
R. Aragón, R. Cruz

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
Although is known that romantic experience gives pleasant sensations to an individual, to live a romantic lost brings pain feelings, desperation and anger because deception in front of reality which prior expectations in the ex partner weren’t possible to reach (Argyle&Furnham, 1983 ). During the romantic grief individual lives under the torment of hope and the possibility of living painful emotions constantly (Zaragoza Toscano, 2007 ). To evaluate the course of the grief process in those persons whose already finished their romantic relationship, we applied to 833 participants the Tridimensional Evaluation of Romantic Grief (Sánchez Aragón&Retana Franco, 2012). We identified four stages: Negotiation, Hostility, Hopelessness and Pseudo-Acceptance, which were supported by literature. We found some differences in the experience of the stages obtained due to the romantic grief reason. Specific findings show that infidelity provokes more hostility and hopelessness in comparison with other reasons as disagreements and lack of time.
Abstract
Although is known that romantic experience gives pleasant sensations to an individual, to live a romantic lost brings pain feelings, desperation and anger because deception [...]
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Psychometric Evaluation of the Q-Sorts in Early Education Contexts
F. Quiroz, F. Carmona, L. Martínez, G. Posada, O. Carbonell

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
As more women enter the workforce either as half or full time, it is now the norm in many societies for children to be placed in childcare before their first birthday. Because most of these children spend at least eight hours in childcare, we need to assess the quality of the service supplied by professional secondary caregivers (PSC). Maternal sensitivity is defined as mother’s ability to perceive and respond promptly and accurately to the child’s signals (Bowlby, 1969, Ainsworth, Blehar, Waters & Wall, 1978). The AQS (Waters, 1995) consists of 90 items describing attachment relevant infant behavior, the MBQS (Pederson & Moran, 1995) consists of 90 items describing maternal behavior. 34 child-PSC dyads were assessed in Mexican Social Security Child Care centers with the AQS and MBQS, to explore the factorial structure of sensitivity and secure base behaviors in Child Care facilities. The Child Care-adapted version of the AQS explains 52.99% of the variance (α=.69) and underlines the inconsistency of the relationship. The Professional Secondary Caregiver Q-Sort (PSCQS) explains the 45.35% of the variance (α=.91) with few and less specific factors than those previously reported in the MBSQ.
Abstract
As more women enter the workforce either as half or full time, it is now the norm in many societies for children to be placed in childcare before their first birthday. Because [...]
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Use of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21) as Screening Tests in Clinical Youngsters
F. Román, P. Santibáñez, E. Vinet

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The short version of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21, Lovibond y Lovibond, 1995) has been shown to have appropriate psychometric properties among Chilean adolescents and undergraduates. The current study was aimed at determining the cut-off scores of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21) for screening Chilean youngsters at risk of mental health problems and requiring mental health treatment. The sample comprised 393 non-patients youngsters aged 15-24 and 77 youngsters at early stage of psychotherapy. The presence of symptoms was used as gold standard for estimating the cut-off betWeen non-symptomatic youngsters and symptomatic patients. Receiving Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses allowed examining accuracy of each scale and sensitivity and specificity analysis was performed for determining the cut-off points. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) was higher than 0.9 for each scale of the DASS-21. The optimal cut-off score for the Depression scale was 6 and above, which resulted in sensitivity=88, 46 and specificity=86, 77, and a cut-off of 5 and above was optimal for the anxiety scale, with a sensitivity of 87, 50 and specificity of 83, 38.The Stress Scale had sensitivity of 81, 48 and specificity of 71, 36 at the optimal cut-off score of 6 and above. These findings suggest that the DASS-21 performs adequately as a screening tool to identify Chilean young people at risk of mental health problems.
Abstract
The short version of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21, Lovibond y Lovibond, 1995) has been shown to have appropriate psychometric properties among Chilean adolescents [...]
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Family functioning as a predictor of alexithymia according to body mass index
A. Ramírez, M. Méndez

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
Alexithymia is a cognitive-affective disorder that causes a deficiency in the ability to identify, describe and express feelings (Sifneos, 1973), is related with familiar environment dysfunctional, as the involvement of the parents in the emotional needs of their children (Kind & Mallinckrodt, 2000). From this approach, the goal of the research was to determine if family functioning predicts alexithymia in persons with Body Mass Index (BMI) of normal weight, overweight and obesity. 428 collaborated voluntarily. Participated adults living in the Mexico City(M = 40 years, SD = 7.8) who responded to the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (Bagby, Parker & Taylor, 1994), Scale of Family Functioning (Garcia Mendez et al., 2006) and reported their height and weight to get their BMI. Analysis of stepwise linear regression were performed and the results suggest that in people with overweight and obesity, factors cohesion/rules and hostility/avoidance conflict are predictors of alexithymia. In normoweight, forecasters were command/problems in expressing feelings and cohesion/rules. These results show clearly that dysfunctional relationships facilitate the presence of behaviours related to alexithymia.
Abstract
Alexithymia is a cognitive-affective disorder that causes a deficiency in the ability to identify, describe and express feelings (Sifneos, 1973), is related with familiar [...]
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Construction and Validity of a Measure to assess Attitudes toward Successful Women
A. Vigueras, S. Aragón, P. Andeane, J. Sánchez

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
Women are taking another position in the society, because they have accessed education, well-paid job, and politics, which generate changes which are related with the actual women role. Given the impact of these changes in interpersonal relationships, the objective of the present research was to construct a scale which measures the attitude to a successful woman in men and women. A sample was applied to 618 volunteer participants, 304 men and 314 women. After obtaining the internal consistent and the discrimination of reagents, a factorial analysis of the principal components with orthogonal rotation was made. The results grouped 71 reagents in four factors: leader, affective-altruistic, self-sufficient and competent.
Abstract
Women are taking another position in the society, because they have accessed education, well-paid job, and politics, which generate changes which are related with the actual [...]
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Personality Attributes as Determinants of Attitudes towards Successful Women
A. Vigueras, S. Aragón, R. Loving

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
This paper has the aim of knowing which of the personality attributes linked to instrumentality (set of characteristics linked to competivity, responsibility, and achievement orientation) and expressivity (set of characteristics linked to the expression of affect, and caring for others) is the best predictor for attitudes towards successful women in both men and women. A sample of 908 voluntaries (454 men, 454 women), all residents of Mexico City, was used for this study. Results show the impact of positive instrumentality and positive expressivity (androgyny) is important for men and women to determine their positive attitude towards a successful woman.
Abstract
This paper has the aim of knowing which of the personality attributes linked to instrumentality (set of characteristics linked to competivity, responsibility, and achievement [...]
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Implementación del Juego del Buen Comportamiento en Aulas para Niños con Conducta Delictiva
P. Joslyn, T. Vollmer, V. Hernández

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The good behavior game (GBG) is an interdependent group contingency procedure designed to reduce disruptive behavior in classroom settings. In the GBG, a class is divided into groups, simple rules are made, and contingencies are placed on the students’ rule-following behavior. This procedure has been proven effective across various student ages, and its simplicity and long-term effects have contributed to its popularity in school settings. Although it has been systematically evaluated across a wide range of student ages, research on the GBG is lacking in the area of population- and setting-specific assessments. In this evaluation, the GBG was implemented in three classrooms (student ages 7-12) at a school for children with severe problem behavior, in particular, these students had already displayed behavior that might be described as “delinquent” or “predelinquent.” Disruptive behavior substantially decreased across all three classrooms as a result of the intervention. This application extends the current literature by systematically replicating the results of the GBG with a different population. Implementation of the GBG, population-specific obstacles, results, and future directions are discussed.
Abstract
The good behavior game (GBG) is an interdependent group contingency procedure designed to reduce disruptive behavior in classroom settings. In the GBG, a class is divided [...]
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Resilience in Surviving Pediatric Burn Patients
L. Berumen, M. Ramírez, G. Rivera

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
Burn injuries are considered one of the most traumatic injuries a child or adolescent may experience and their consequences go beyond the physical problems, therefore the knowledge of positive adjustment after a burn is important. The aims of this study were to identify the levels of resilience in a group of pediatric burn survivors and to evaluate the differences by sex. This was a cross-sectional study in which 57 children and adolescents burn survivors, who attended to the Plastic Surgery Service of the UANL University Hospital, were evaluated. The results showed that children and adolescents of this study reported a high level of resilience, so it can be concluded that experiencing a traumatic or devastating event does not necessarily leads to negative consequences in psychological or behavioral functioning.
Abstract
Burn injuries are considered one of the most traumatic injuries a child or adolescent may experience and their consequences go beyond the physical problems, therefore the [...]
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Happiness Scale in the Couple: Development and Validation
J. Gutiérrez, S. Aragón, I. Lagunes, M. Parra

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
Human happiness is complex, and in interpersonal terms, particularly in a relationship, there are many elements involved (Argyle, 1987 ). But there is no scale to measure happiness in the couple, therefore, the objective was to develop and validate a scale of happiness in the couple, culturally appropriated and reliable. The research was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, a scale for happiness in the couple was developed and reliability and validity were obtained, in the second phase, we performed a second-order factor analysis. The results showed a valid and reliable scale that measures the evaluation of happiness in the couple as well as the elements needed for a couple to be happy.
Abstract
Human happiness is complex, and in interpersonal terms, particularly in a relationship, there are many elements involved (Argyle, 1987 ). But there is no scale to measure [...]
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Investigación sobre cultura en psicología: Actualidad y visión hacia el futuro
Y. Poortinga

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
Cross-cultural psychology, in both its culture-comparative and its cultural traditions, has been a highly successful enterprise, it has been instrumental in establishing context variation as an essential factor in the study of behavior and has led to a large volume of publications with culture as a key term. At the same time, the question arises whether the further accumulation of findings of often small differences between groups will continue to be a worthwhile pursuit, or whether it is time for a reorientation. Here two widespread assumptions of research on behavior and culture are discussed that are likely to be unsustainable: (i) a focus on cross-cultural differences at the cost of cultural invariance, (ii) the presumed psychological coherence of cultures, especially national cultures, reflected in major dimensions of differences in psychological functioning. It is argued that also emerging methods in cultural neuropsychology continue to place too much emphasis on cross-cultural differences and cultural coherence. With a view to reorientation two ideas are explored: (i) culture-comparative research needs an explicit focus on what humans as a species have in common (psychological invariance) and (ii) explanatory frameworks should have a better theoretical foundation. Research traditions in biology are mentioned that can provide a source of inspiration to researchers in cross-cultural psychology. One such tradition is classical ethology as outlined by Tinbergen (1963) who proposed that in the analysis of behavior patterns researchers should be asking multiple questions about the immediate context (cause), function, ontogenetic development and phylogenetic history.
Abstract
Cross-cultural psychology, in both its culture-comparative and its cultural traditions, has been a highly successful enterprise, it has been instrumental in establishing context [...]
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Parenting Styles: Their Relationship in Negotiation and Conflict Between Parents and Adolescents
M. Ramos, C. Martínez

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of parental styles in negotiation and conflict between parents and adolescents, from the perspective of each one. So the study was divided into two phases. The purpose of the first phase was to analyze the interrelationships between parenting styles that adolescents perceive both parents and styles of negotiation which the teenager used. The goal of the second phase was to analyze the influences that have parental styles in the conflict padres-adolescents, from the perspective of fathers and mothers. The results obtained in this study allow deducing that the parental style influences the way in which teenagers particípate in the negotiations, as well as in the intensity and frequency of the conflict perceived by parents. We conclude that when the parenting style of both parents is perceived warm teen uses a negotiation based on collaboration-equity, while parents characterized as warm, perceive a decrease in the intensity and frequency of conflict with their children.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of parental styles in negotiation and conflict between parents and adolescents, from the perspective of each one. So the [...]
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Scale of Resistance to Peer Pressure to Alcohol Consumption
C. Sánchez-Xicotencatl, P. Palos, D. Ocampo, G. Cedillo

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
In Mexico alcohol consumption has increased mainly in adolescents. It has been identified that the ability to resist peer pressure can be a factor that protects the young from alcohol, tobacco and drugs, although this does not have an instrument to assess the skill specifically for alcohol. The aim of this work was to design and validate a scale that assesses the ability to resist peer pressure specifically for alcohol in public high schools and college students from Mexico City, and assessed whether there were significant differences in the resistance level by gender and level of alcohol consumption. The sample was not random and consisted of 900 public high schools (38.6%) and college (61.4%) students of Mexico City (42.9% men and 57.1% women) with a average age was 15.6 years (sd = 2.5). Exploratory factor analysis yielded a single factor of six items with good level of reliability, afterwards was a confirmatory factor analysis in which the fit indices performed well and kept the six items. Women showed greater resistance to peer pressure than men and it was found that young people who have a deficit in the ability to resist peer pressure have higher levels of alcohol consumption so it is important to strengthen that skill in prevention programs.
Abstract
In Mexico alcohol consumption has increased mainly in adolescents. It has been identified that the ability to resist peer pressure can be a factor that protects the young [...]
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Psychometric Validation of the Mexican Adaptation of the Child Feeding Questionnaire
G. Contreras, I. Lagunes

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The Child Feeding Questionnaire developed by Birch, Fisher, Grimm-Thomas, Markey, & Sawyer, (2001) is a widely used mesurement to assess beliefs, actitudes and practices around child feeding. However, the psychometric characteristics of the CFQ for use with Mexican populations are unknown. The pupose of this stuydy was to test the reliability and validity of a modified version of the CFQ in mexican population. Prior to testing psychometric characteristics, the questionnaire was traslated into spanish usign a traslation-back-traslation method. Some adaptation were made, in order to make them culturally appropriate. Also three new items were added. The questionnaire was administered to 1157 mexican mothers of children aged 5-12 years. Constuct validity was assessed by principal componet factor analysis with varimax rotation, revealed the presence of eight major factors, which explain 59.99% of variance. Reliability was tested by Cronbachs alpha coefficient, and was aceptable for the eigth factors (a: .858). This modified eight factor CFQ appears to be a linguistically, and culturally appropriate instrument for assessing practices, attitudes and parental feeding beliefs in Mexican mother of 5 to12 years children.
Abstract
The Child Feeding Questionnaire developed by Birch, Fisher, Grimm-Thomas, Markey, & Sawyer, (2001) is a widely used mesurement to assess beliefs, actitudes and practices around [...]
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Neuropsychological relationship between maturity and presence-absence of crawling behavior
A. Suárez, C. Lozada

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
Neuropsychological maturity is the level of organization and maturational development that allows the development of behavioral and cognitive age-appropriate individual functions, crawling behavior is the first harmonic motion in which the baby uses his head and his both lower extremities as superior, to support and move, it allows the establishment of connections between brain hemispheres, leading to the intercom that simplifies the work of the brain and promotes the maturation of the cognitive functions of the infant, the objective of this research was compare neuropsychological maturity in children 5 and 6 years of age who presented behavior crawling with those who had not, the sample consisted of 50 students from private schools in central Colombia. It was a quantitative study with a comparative-descriptive cross-sectional design, in which the history and the parent questionnaire battery neuropsychological evaluation Infantil (ENI) developed by Matute, Rosselli, Ardila y Ostrosky (2007) and was used Maturity Questionnaire Neuropsychological Children (CUMANIN). First, he made the selected sample, the instruments are applied, and the results were analyzed and finally publicly sustained research. It was concluded through statistical Wilcoxon Shapiro applied to compare the scores of the two groups possibly psychomotor scale depends on crawling, regarding the performance when comparing the 2 groups with the Chi-square statistic best results are evidenced in nine scales the group presented crawling behavior with respect to the group that did not crawl.
Abstract
Neuropsychological maturity is the level of organization and maturational development that allows the development of behavioral and cognitive age-appropriate individual functions, [...]
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Child Raising Practices Associated to the Reduction of Problematic Child Behavior: A Public Health Approach
S. Chainé, F. Pineda

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
Parent behavioral training results in behavioral changes that are associated with the reduction of a child’s problematic behaviors. The purpose of the present study was to identify the most effective components of a parent behavioral training program on both, the observed parents’ behavior and their report on the reduction of their child’s problematic behavior. Participants were 84 Mexican parents of two to twelve years old children with behavioral problems. Parents attended a positive child raising program based in role playing that trained them to respond in a positive manner to their children’s behaviors with the ultimate goal of reducing problematic behaviors. The children’s behaviors were assessed using self-report questionnaires answered by the parents. After the behavioral training, a significant change in the parents’ behavior was observed. Parents also reported a significant reduction of their child’s problematic behavior. The most effective components of the intervention program were behavior correction, praise, giving clear instructions, rule establishment, problem solving, social interaction, and the reduction in punishment.
Abstract
Parent behavioral training results in behavioral changes that are associated with the reduction of a child’s problematic behaviors. The purpose of the present study was [...]
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Leadership and its Relationship with Outcome Variables: a Structural Model Comparing Transformational and Transactional Leadership in an Entertainment Company in Mexico
I. Martínez, J. Prado, B. Rivera

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The purpose of this article was to determine the influence of transformational and transactional leadership behavior in the outcome variables of a sample of 100 managers within an entertainment provider organization in Mexico. Structural equation modeling showed that the leadership behavior factors of the participating managers highlighted in first place transformational subscales such as intelectual stimulation, idealized influence (behavior), idealized influence (atribute) and individual consideration. The most important outcome variable for them was extra effort. This result means that managers are interested in developing their followers skillness to resolve problems and update their staff. The theoretical and empirical findings of previous studies of the Model of Bass and Avolio were reaffirmed such as direct and significant correlations between the leadership behaviors and outcome variables and inverse correlations with laissez faire leadership behavior. Alpha Cronbach reliability values were above .70 in such variables.
Abstract
The purpose of this article was to determine the influence of transformational and transactional leadership behavior in the outcome variables of a sample of 100 managers within [...]
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Evaluation of the Effectiveness of an Intervention Program in Reducing Bullying and Disruptive Behavior
B. González, F. Cabrera

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
There are few intervention programs designed for reducing bullying in the classrooms. The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of an intervention program based on the principles of applied behavior analysis to reduce bullying in the classroom. The program was designed to train elementary school teachers in the application of eight behavioral techniques (i.e., stimuli control, cost of response, reinforcing alternative responses, self-control of anger, group contingencies, task analysis, monitoring, and shaping). Eight teachers from three public schools were trained and they implemented the program during a whole school year. Those teachers had 223 students. From that total 28 were identified as bullies and 28 as victims. The bullying behavior of those 28 children as well as the disruptive behaviors of the 223 students were measured pre, during and post treatment. Results showed that the intervention program was successful in reducing bullying as well as disruptive behaviors. The program was especially effective in reducing antisocial behavior.
Abstract
There are few intervention programs designed for reducing bullying in the classrooms. The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of an intervention program [...]
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Positive Child Rearing Practices: Parents training for reduce bullying
B. González, F. Cabrera, K. Martínez

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The study aimed at assessing the effectiveness of a positive child rearing program with parents for reducing bullying and incrementing pro-social behavior of their children. Participants were eight couples and two single parents of 10 children identified as bullies. Half of the parents were assigned to a control group and the other half were trained to identify aggressive and pro-social behaviors of their children, as well as their antecedents and consequences. During eight weekly sessions parents were trained to set limits, reinforce both pro-social behavior and alternative responses to the aggressive ones, to correct, slightly disapprove, punish and extinguish aggressive behavior. Frequency of emission of specific pro-social behaviors (doing homework, helping in domestic chores and picking up toys) and of physical and verbal aggression was registered by parents and teachers during three weeks of base line and during eight weeks of treatment. Results showed a significant reduction of aggressive behavior and an increase of pro-social behavior compared both to base line and to the frequency of the same behaviors by children of the control group. Notably, behavior also changed at school. Results are discussed regarding the usefulness of interventions with parents in reducing bullying behavior by their children in different contexts
Abstract
The study aimed at assessing the effectiveness of a positive child rearing program with parents for reducing bullying and incrementing pro-social behavior of their children. [...]
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Construction of causality and counter-causality in subjects with different level of education
G. Zunino

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
This work is part of a larger project in which we seek to analize how Spanish speakers produce and understand causal and counter-causal relations. Our general hypothesis is that causality is a basic conceptual / semantic relation that is processed “by default” and more easily than other relations, such as counter-causality. On this occasion, our specific objectives were: 1) to evaluate the extent to which formal education influences this process, 2) what is the effect of the absence / presence of specific connectives, especially in relation to the level of formal education of the subject. We carry out a psycholinguistic experiment designed to elicit causal and counter-causal continuations of short texts with and without connective. We evaluated two groups of subjects with different levels of formal education. The results show that: a) in the absence of connective, the tendency to establish causality is strong and consistent, b) with connective, error levels are higher for counter-causal relations and the time required to process them is significantly higher. This pattern holds for the two groups of subjects analyzed, so do not depend on schooling but, instead, seems to be a more basic linguistic process shared by all speakers.
Abstract
This work is part of a larger project in which we seek to analize how Spanish speakers produce and understand causal and counter-causal relations. Our general hypothesis is [...]
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Well-Being and Depression in Elderly Women and Men Living in Poverty
M. Saucedo

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
In Mexico the process of aging is growing rapidly therefore there are structural changes on the all areas of the life. High levels of poverty exist in the country, which they do of the population of major adults a vulnerable group. In this population the factors that they contribute to his well-being are determined by different situation of his/her life. In relation to the mental health the most frequent suffering is the depression that unlike other social groups the factors that unleash it are different. The aim is to know if difference exists in the levels well-being satisfaction between men and women. Also to know if the level of well-being is relates to the depression. The sample size was 201 major adults who live in situation of poverty in 17 municipalities of the Metropolitan Zone of Guadalajara, Mexico. The 47.8% was men, the rest (52.2%) women, the average of age is of x˜ =77.6, s=5.8. The comparative analyses showed that the factors that make feel satisfied both men and women are the health and the love of their children. Also the religion (in women) as the relation of spouse (in men) they are factors that favor the well-being of the major adults. The men have better perception of health that the women. Finally in both groups the levels of depression are related principally with being healthy, to be alive and to live in peace.
Abstract
In Mexico the process of aging is growing rapidly therefore there are structural changes on the all areas of the life. High levels of poverty exist in the country, which they [...]
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El Efecto del Establecimiento de Caras y/o Voces de Adultos como Reforzadores Condicionados para Niños con TEA y Desórdenes Relacionados
J. Maffei, J. Singer-Dudek, K. Dolleen-Day

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
We tested the effects of the establishment of conditioned reinforcement for observing human faces and/or voices on the rate of learning, observing responses, and verbal operant emissions for four children, ages 4-5 years, with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and related disorders. We used a non-concurrent, delayed probe design across participants with pre and post-intervention measures. The intervention included a conjugate stimulus-stimulus pairing procedure. Results demonstrated that as a function of the intervention, faces were conditioned for three out of three participants and voices were conditioned for two out of two participants for whom either was lacking respectively prior to the intervention (both faces and voices were conditioned for one participant). Post-intervention probes demonstrated increases in rate of learning, observing responses, and verbal operants for all four participants.
Abstract
We tested the effects of the establishment of conditioned reinforcement for observing human faces and/or voices on the rate of learning, observing responses, and verbal operant [...]
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Suicide Attempts in Mexican Teenagers: a Cultural Consensus Theory Perspective
S. Miguel, M. Quintanilla, G. Cruz, L. Morfín, P. Contreras, D. García, M. Hernández

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The suicide is a problem of public world health and the adolescents are those who present with more frequency this problem. Nevertheless, the studies of the suicide phenomenon from a cultural perspective are limited. Cultural research in suicidology is important to develop the understanding of the meanings of suicidal behavior in different contexts. The cultural consensus theory would contribute to the cultural perspective of the knowledge of suicidal behaviors in terms of its internal elements and their functioning (emic) and this theory allows knowing if there exists a knowledge shared by a social group regarding an issue and allows to recognize its organization. The aim of this study was to identify the semantic structure of the cultural domain, as well as the average of knowledge and the degree of cultural consensus regarding suicide among adolescent suicide attempters. It was a qualitative study, using the free-listing technique, with a non-random sample made up of 29 adolescents between the ages of 13 and 18 years. The free lists were on: the causes, the signs and the symptoms, what he/she feels, thinks and does before attempting suicide and the strategies of suicide prevention at adolescence. The results showed for every question a single semantic model in the cultural domain suicide attempt. In such structure, the family problems were identified as the cause of suicidal attempt, the depression and the sadness were symptoms before suicidal attempt. The sadness, the loneliness and the anger were what an adolescent feels before the suicide attempt. Furthermore, to get out of the problem and to end his/her life were what an adolescent thinks before attempting suicide and to commit suicide was what an adolescent does before to suicide attempt. To pay more attention, to talk with the adolescent, to improve the communication with the parents and to attend a psychotherapy were identified as strategies for suicide prevention. The results highlight the importance of the family of suicide prevention programs for adolescents based on cultural knowledge.
Abstract
The suicide is a problem of public world health and the adolescents are those who present with more frequency this problem. Nevertheless, the studies of the suicide phenomenon [...]
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Influence of Musical Knowledge on Musical Preference
A. Herrera, R. Tena

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The psychology of music can be found within a conceptual and empirical framework that is useful as a reference to explain the human response to it. An important research line of this discipline is the one that studies the musical taste, on which is based this article. The comparison is between musical taste and preferences of musical genres among people with musical education and those without it. The sample was constituted by 104 participants that were divided into two groups: a) individuals with musical formation (MF), with 52 participants (19 women and 33 men), b) individuals without musical formation (WMF). As a result, it was found that music is important in peoples' daily lives, the MF people like music because of musical expression, and their favorite music genre was the highbrow. This contrasts with the WFM people that like music because they find it relaxing- their favorite musical genre is pop. Both groups agree in their favorite musical component- the parts that integrate music. Although the MF group likes the highbrow genre more because of the parts that constitute its structure. Conversely, the WMF group were drawn primarily to the lyrics and rhythm. We can conclude that education is a determining factor in musical taste, and therefore plays a part in the choice of what music we like the most. Since musical tastes change depending on musical education held by the individual. People that have musical education encourage their taste. They use music as an artistic expression resource, and the genres they listen to are what can be considered "highbrow" music. Whereas the people that don’t count with musical knowledge listen to popular music because they want to relax themselves. These individuals spend more time daily listening to music that the vox populli listens to because they like the lyrics and the rhythm.
Abstract
The psychology of music can be found within a conceptual and empirical framework that is useful as a reference to explain the human response to it. An important research line [...]
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Resilience: Differences by Age Mexican Men and Women
N. Fuentes, J. Medina

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
This study examines levels of resilience considering differences of age and sex, so it provides data from a sample composed of 607 participants divided into four age groups: children, teenagers, young adults and middle adulthood, men and women all of the city of Toluca Mexico, applying the questionnaire of resilience of González Arratia (2011). The results of the exploratory factor analysis for each age bracket, indicate a structure of three factors that vary in each group, which suggests the dimensions of resilience to follow different patterns according to the age. Also reported significant differences between men and women. It is concluded that in the research into resilience is essential to evaluate the variables proposed in the study simultaneously in order to have consistent results.
Abstract
This study examines levels of resilience considering differences of age and sex, so it provides data from a sample composed of 607 participants divided into four age groups: [...]
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Resilience. Differences by Age in Mexican Men and Women
N. Fuentes, J. Medina

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
This study examines levéis of resilience considering differences of age and sex, so it provides data from a sample composed of 607 participants divided into four age groups: children, teenagers, young adults and middle adulthood, men and women all of the city of Toluca México, applying the questionnaire of resilience of González Arratia (2011). The results of the exploratory factor analysis for each age bracket, indícate a structure of three factors that vary in each group, which suggests the dimensions of resilience to follow different patterns according to the age. Also reported significant differences between men and women. It is concluded that in the research into resilience is essential to evalúate the variables proposed in the study simultaneously in order to have consistent results.
Abstract
This study examines levéis of resilience considering differences of age and sex, so it provides data from a sample composed of 607 participants divided into four age groups: [...]
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Beliefs of Spaniard and Mexican High School Students about the Causes of Obesity
R. León-Sánchez, B. Jiménez-Cruz, J. Sobrino

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
In order to explore the beliefs about the causes of obesity, one questionnaire designed on purpose were applied to a sample of 142 students of second and third grades of secondary school (71 Spaniard and 71 Mexican), with ages between 13 and 16 years (M = 14.02, SD = .846). Participants considered that Volition and Personality were the most important causes of obesity, X2 (5, 142) = 265 353, p
Abstract
In order to explore the beliefs about the causes of obesity, one questionnaire designed on purpose were applied to a sample of 142 students of second and third grades of secondary [...]
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Couple Violence and Alexithymia in Women from Nuevo Leon
J. Rubia, S. Basurto

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The aims of this paper were: 1) to estimate the levels of couple violence (received and exercised) and alexithymia among women, and 2) to study the relationship among alexithymia and violence. The Questionnaire of Couple Violence and the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) were applied to a nonprobability sample of 118 Mexican women with a heterosexual partner. Mean of age was 35 years old (SD = 10) ranking from 18 to 57. Regarding marital status, 53 of 118 women (45%) reported being married, 28 (24%) separated, 21 (18%) in free union with a partner, 11 (9%) single, 4 (3%) divorced and 1 (1%) widow. Indices of received violence and exerted violence that vary from 0 to 100 were calculated multiplying reported frequency by reported damage. Comparisons of means for Students t-test, linear correlations, linear regression and path analysis were use for data analysis. Alexithymia (TAS-20 total scores ≥ 61) was found in 42% of women, received violence in 25% (scores of received violence index ≥ 30), and exercised violence in 5% (scores of received violence index ≥ 30). The mean of index of received violence was higher than the one of index of exerted violence (t [117] = 4.15, p < .01). Alexithymia was associated to violence. Its correlation was higher with received violence than with exerted violence. A reactive violence pattern was observed in which alexithymia acts as a risk factor. In this path model, alexithymia (TAS-20 total score) determined both the received damage as the index of exerted violence. The received damage determined the index of exerted violence. The variable of level of education was added as a determinant of the index of exerted violence, owing to model ran out degrees of freedom with only one variable exogenous (alexithymia).The model explained 21% of the variance of exerted violence and 19% of the variance of received damage with a close fit to the data (χ2 [1, N = 118] = 0.14, p = .71, GFI = 1, AGFI = .99, NFI = 1, CFI = 1, and RMSEA = 0). This relationship among alexithymia and violence could probably be due to the adjustment and control problems that alexithymia involves. It is suggested to assess alexithymia in new studies and interventions in couple violence.
Abstract
The aims of this paper were: 1) to estimate the levels of couple violence (received and exercised) and alexithymia among women, and 2) to study the relationship among alexithymia [...]
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Dimensionality, Internal consistency, and Distribution of the Internalized Homonegativity Scale Among Mexican Health Sciences Students
J. Rubia, A. O

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The aims of this article were to study the internal consistency, factor structure, distribution and sex differences in averages of the Internalized Homonegativity scale (IHN, Currie, Cunningham, & Findlay, 2004 ) extended to a total of 17 items (IHN-17). The IHN-17 scale was applied to a non-probability sample of 231 health sciences college students from northeastern Mexico (121 women and 103 men). An item was removed due to problems of internal consistency and low factor loading. The internal consistency was high with the remaining 16 items (α = .88). A model of three low-order factors (public display of homosexuality, α = .81, internal acceptance of homosexual desire, α = .81, and promiscuity, α = .69) nested in a general factor had a fit to the data from good to adequate by generalized least squares, and was invariant between both sexes. The IHN-16 total score followed a normal distribution, and men averaged higher than women, although the difference was statically significant only in the factor of public display. It is concluded that IHN-16 scale with its hierarchical model has higher consistency and more content validity than the original one. Its use and study are suggested in Mexico.
Abstract
The aims of this article were to study the internal consistency, factor structure, distribution and sex differences in averages of the Internalized Homonegativity scale (IHN, [...]
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Predictive models of internalized homonegativity in students of health sciences
J. Rubia, A. O., C. Cadena

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The aims of this paper were to describe and predict the level of internalized homonegativity, considering variables on socio-demographic data, sexual life, social life, and clinic aspects. An interview questionnaire and the Internalized Homonegativity Scale were applied to a non-probability sample of 231 students of health sciences, 121 were women and 103 men. Ordinal regression models were calculated._Low internalized homonegativity was found in 38% of participants, ambiguity in 45%, and rejection in 17%. The HNI-16 total score correlated with sexual orientation, religion, and having gay friends. The factor of rejection toward the public manifestation of homosexuality correlated with having gay friends, gender, self-defined sexual orientation, religion, and number of sexual partners. The factor of rejection toward own homosexual feelings, desires, and identity correlated with self-defined sexual orientation, religion, number of sexual partners, and sexually active years. The factor related to the qualification of homosexual persons as promiscuous persons correlated with self-defined sexual orientation, having started couple sexual life, religion, and sexually active years. The variables that predicted lower internalized homonegativity were non-heterosexual orientation, religious adscription different from Christian and Catholic, and having gay friends. Additionally, female gender predicted greater acceptance toward the public manifestation of homosexuality, and having started couple sexual life predicted greater stigmatization of homosexuals as promiscuous persons. It is discussed that in these relationships are involved aspects of congruence with constructed personal identity, positive experience with the stigmatized object, and a cultural attitude that stigmatizes male homosexuality more than female homosexuality. Among these university students, once they have started their couple sexual life, their greater certainty on the opinion of that homosexual persons are promiscuous and incapable of intimacy might respond to a projective defense mechanism triggered by heterosexist values, which put sexuality at the service of reproduction and parenting, and not at the service of experimentation and pleasure. It is concluded that the rejection level is considerable, and thus it is suggested working on these variables in the workshops of acceptance toward sexual diversity.
Abstract
The aims of this paper were to describe and predict the level of internalized homonegativity, considering variables on socio-demographic data, sexual life, social life, and [...]
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Relaciones Interculturales En Sociedades Plurales: Investigación Derivada De Una Política De Multiculturalismo
W. John

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
One result of the intake and settlement of migrants and the presence of indigenous peoples is the formation of culturally plural societies. In these societies, the domain of intercultural relations is ripe for social psychological research. Such research can provide a knowledge basis for the development and implementation of policies and programmes in plural societies. There are three hypotheses bearing on intercultural relations being examined in much current psychological research: the multiculturalism hypothesis, the integration hypothesis, and the contact hypothesis . These hypotheses are derived in part from statements in the Canadian multiculturalism policy. The multiculturalism hypothesis is that when individuals and societies are confident in, and feel secure about their own cultural identities and their place in the larger society, more positive mutual attitudes will result, in contrast, when these identities are threatened, mutual hostility will result. The integration hypothesis is that there will be more successful psychological and social outcomes for individuals and societies when strategies and policies that support double cultural engagement (ie., with both the heritage and national cultures) are pursued. The contact hypothesis is that greater contact between cultural groups will lead to more positive mutual regard, under most contact circumstances. This paper reviews research that is relevant to all three hypotheses, and concludes that research supports the continuation of the Multiculturalism policy and programmes that are intended to improve intercultural relations.
Abstract
One result of the intake and settlement of migrants and the presence of indigenous peoples is the formation of culturally plural societies. In these societies, the domain [...]
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Validity of the Positive Mental Health Scale in Mexican Children
N. González-Arratia-López-Fuentes, J. Medina

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
This study reports validity results of the Spanish Positive Mental Health Scale (PMH) by Lluch (1999), which converged with measures of resilience, in a non-clinical sample of Mexican children, through a cross-sectional study with 194 children (n = 72 men, n = 122 women), between 9 and 12 years old from the city of Toluca, Mexico. An exploratory factor analysis, using the principal components and oblique rotation method, extracted 4 from the six original dimensions, with 39.614% of total variance. The confirmatory factor analysis showed a three-dimensional model which requires further investigation and detail. A satisfactory Cronbachs Alpha was obtained, which proves convergent validity with resilience. The data suggests the need of a conceptual and methodological reviews of the construct in order to have more consistent results.
Abstract
This study reports validity results of the Spanish Positive Mental Health Scale (PMH) by Lluch (1999), which converged with measures of resilience, in a non-clinical sample [...]
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Individualism and collectivism: Characterization and differences in two Mexican localities
Y. Cienfuegos-Martínez, A. Saldívar-Garduño, R. Diaz-Loving, A. Avalos-Montoya

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
Individualism and collectivism are considered dichotomous cultural syndromes that characterize members of a country and they can be reflected on national identity. An individualistic culture is characterized by promote independence and autonomy, by other hand, a collectivistic culture promotes interdependence between person and his/her reference group, in these cultures the group necessities are most important that the individuals ones. However, the geopolitical boundaries between countries not contemplate the differences between history, social norms and practices, or cultural particularities between localities and counties. For example between Mexico City and Guanajuato which have, in theory, antagonistic politic tendencies: Guanajuato is considered an ultraconservative region in Mexico, while Mexico City is known for the opening to discuss themes as abortions legalization for free election or same-sex marriage, Mexico City is related with left political ideology. In a conservative context, is more common to be agree with traditional ideology about roles for men and women. In this way, men and women can internalized individualism and collectivisms different. The aim of this paper is determined characteristics of individualism and collectivism in two Mexican regions as well as in men and women. It was atended by 420 men and women of the Valley of Mexico and the state of Guanajuato. Results show that the Mexican population as a whole, shows characteristics of individualism and collectivism, there are significant differences on three of ten factors by region. In all of them, the mean is upper to theoretical mean. In Guanajuato, people show higher values of independence and freedom, but, at same time, they report high levels of familism related to obedience. About gender differences, the sample of women in Guanajuato shows higher levels of individualism in comparison with other groups. The findings are discussed on the relevant literature. For subsequent studies is important include variables as scholar level, socioeconomic level, and attitudes about their referential and comparison groups.
Abstract
Individualism and collectivism are considered dichotomous cultural syndromes that characterize members of a country and they can be reflected on national identity. An individualistic [...]
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Facial affect recognition: Differences among university careers
S. Iglesias-Hoyos, A. Arreola, J. Muñoz-Delgado

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
Facial affect recognition is the capacity of every person to recognize basic forms of affective expression, which appears at human faces. Previous research suggests that facial affect recognition differences between university careers exist. There are few studies at Mexico that assess these. The purpose of this study was to determine career differences among university studies. To assess the variable 70 images from the Facial Expression of Emotion- Stimuli and Test were used. To determine career differences a single factor analysis of variance with Tukey post hoc test was made, obtaining statistically significant differences at facial affect recognition of sadness, disgust and angry emotions.
Abstract
Facial affect recognition is the capacity of every person to recognize basic forms of affective expression, which appears at human faces. Previous research suggests that facial [...]
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Psychosocial Aspects Related with PTSD in Patients with Breast Cancer
F. Moreno, R. Hernández

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The aim of the study was analyze the relationship of stress, depression and coping strategies with PTSD in a sample of patients with breast cancer. With a nonrandom sample of 52 women with breast cancer. The results indicate a relationship between PTSD and stress (r = .344, p = .014), PTSD and depression (rs = .346, p = .013), PTSD and cognitive avoidance (r = .437, p = .001), PTSD and hopelessness (rs = .437, p = .001) and the anxious concern with PTSD (rs =. 581, p = .001). The predictors of PTSD were stress, depression, cognitive avoidance and hopelessness, explaining 43.9% of the variance.
Abstract
The aim of the study was analyze the relationship of stress, depression and coping strategies with PTSD in a sample of patients with breast cancer. With a nonrandom sample [...]
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Family Context and Consumption of Psychoactive Substances in Children between 8 and 12 Years Old
M. Grigoravicius, A. Iglesias, P. Ponce, J. Poultier, M. Pandolfi, V. Nigro, L. Bradichansky

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The paper presents the results of an investigation Project UBACYT (Programming 2010/12) “Consumption of psychoactive substances and expectancies towards alcohol in school children between 8 and 12 years old”. The paper studies a clinical sample that receives psychological assistance in a Child Clinical Psychology Unit that depends on Segunda Cátedra de Psicoanálisis: Escuela Inglesa, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina. It investigates the consumption of these substances in children and their responsible adults. The samples are composed of 55 children (17 girls and 38 boys) and 55 responsible adults (47 women and 8 men). The CORIN (Children Risk Behavior) was administrated to the children, it evaluates risk situations regarding to the use of psychoactive substances in school children, a questionnaire that inquires consumption habits was administrated to parents or responsible adults of these children. Also, a protocol of sociodemographic information was used in order to gather and systematize the information of the medical history. Results and conclusions: the presence of occasional alcohol consumption in the 33% of the children sample was recorded. The existence of alcohol consumption in previous ages than the ones studied by governmental agencies. It must be mentioned that the children have consumed alcohol in festive situations and in company of their responsible adults. Regarding to the responsible adults of these children, important proportions of lifetime, year and month prevalence of occasional alcohol and tobacco consumption were recorded, also the abusive consumption of these substances. The registered proportions of the consumption of illegal substances are much lower. The study shows an increase in the occasional consumption of alcohol in children when the responsible adult made an abusive use of alcohol and tobacco during the last year and in less extent when the adult used more than one illegal substance (cocaine and marihuana). The consumption of alcohol in children increased significantly when the responsible adults had made abusive use of alcohol in the last month. It is inferred that the occasional consumption of alcohol in children of the age range studied, is associated with the characteristics of their family background and the consumption habits of the responsible adults.
Abstract
The paper presents the results of an investigation Project UBACYT (Programming 2010/12) “Consumption of psychoactive substances and expectancies towards alcohol in school [...]
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Differences in Emotion Recognition in Children 6 to 11 Years Olds
F. Gordillo, M. Pérez, L. Mestas, J. Salvador, J. Arana, R. López

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The ability to recognize emotions is necessary for the normal childs adjustment to the social and educational environment, and to identify disorders including autism, anxiety and depression in the early stages of development. An experiment was performed to understanding this process. The participants were 47 children distributed in three groups (6-7, 8-9. 10-11 years). Children had to see pictures of facial and corporal expressions of happiness, sadness, anger and fear. Participants were than asked to say if they recognized the facial and corporal expressed emotion, from a labels related to these basic emotions and represented by emoticons. The results showed enhanced recognition of facial and corporal expressions of fear in children of 8- 11 years olds compared to those of 6-7 years olds (p < .01, r > .50). On the other hand, the result showed significant differences (p < .01, r > .50), between children of 6-7 and 8-11 years olds, in the recognition of facial expressions of anger than the corporal expressions of anger. Children of 6-7 years olds showed enhanced recognition of facial expression of anger than corporal expression of anger. These differences were reversed in children of 8-11 years olds. One may conclude that anger and fear facial expressions recognition is an important indicator of the proper development of children. Emotional learning from 7 years olds, will ensure better emotional regulation, and a beneficial effect on the childs performance in school .
Abstract
The ability to recognize emotions is necessary for the normal childs adjustment to the social and educational environment, and to identify disorders including autism, anxiety [...]
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Differences in school anxiety and self-concept in Chilean adolescents
C. Gonzálvez, C. Inglés, M. Vicent, N. Martín, R. Sanmartín, J. García-Fernández

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
Anxiety and self-concept are personal variables with a big influence on learning and academic performance. The aim of this study was to analyse the differences in school anxiety depending on the scores of the eleven dimensions of self-concept. 1, 414 Chilean students of middle education participated, 695 men and 719 women aged between 13 and 18 years (M = 15.31, SD = 1.45). School Anxiety Inventory (SAI) and Self-Description Questionnaire II-Short Form (SDQII-S) were administered to assess the school anxiety and the self-concept, respectively. The results revealed that adolescents with low scores on self-concept had significantly higher scores in school anxiety than their peers with high scores on self-concept. This pattern of results was similar in all dimensions of self-concept with the exception of two, the verbal academic self-concept and the truthfulness-sincerity scale, which statistically significant differences were not obtained.
Abstract
Anxiety and self-concept are personal variables with a big influence on learning and academic performance. The aim of this study was to analyse the differences in school anxiety [...]
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Religious Orientation, Group Identity and Religiosity as Predictors of Religious Fundamentalism
M. Villanueva, I. Lagunes

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
Religious fundamentalism is key to understanding existing discrimination and violence worldwide. Knowing what is behind this psychosocial characteristic can help understand and prevent this type of harmful behavior. The aim of this study was to determine how religious orientation (RO), group identity (Gl), and religiosity predict religious fundamentalism. The sample consisted of 533 residents of México City and the state of Guanajuato (50.3% women, Mean age = 36), that belonged to one of four major Mexican religious ideologies: Catholic (n = 160), Jehovas Witnesses (n = 142), Evangelical Christian (n = 115) and non-religious (n = 116). Four psychological scales were used: 1) Fundamentalism Scale, which consists of two subscales: Orthodoxy and Conservatism, 2) the Religious Orientation Scale, which consists of three subscales: Intrinsic Religious Orientation (IRO), Extrinsic Personal (EPRO), and Extrinsic Social (ORES), 3) Group Identity Scale, which consists of twosubscales: Positive Group Identity (PGI) and Negative Group Identity (NGI), and 4) Religiosity Scale. The regression results revealed that IRO, Religiosity, NGI and ORES were positively related to Orthodoxy. ORI, IGN and Religiosity were positively related to Conservatism. EPRO was negatively related to Conservatism. The results indícate that Religious Orientation, Religiosity, and Group Identity are strong significant predictors of religious fundamentalism.
Abstract
Religious fundamentalism is key to understanding existing discrimination and violence worldwide. Knowing what is behind this psychosocial characteristic can help understand [...]
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Nicotine Effect on a Model of Hyperactivation of the Dopaminergic System using a Temporal Bisection Task: Towards a Model in Schizophrenia
I. González-Rivera, D. Paz-Trejo, H. Sánchez-Castillo, Ó. Zamora-Arévalo

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).
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Amaranth as Reinforcement Source: A Rodent Study
I. González-Rivera, D. Trejo, N. Saavedra, E. Padrón, D. Silva, P. Carrillo, O. Arevalo, C. Castro, H. Sánchez-Castillo

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
This study evaluates amaranth as an alternative to reinforcers which are currently used in experimental laboratories with rodents. We compared some elements such as consumer preference, motivation and reinforcing value of three types of food (two types of pellets and amaranth) through four experiments with free radial maze and free consumption in 11 Wistar rats. The results show that amaranth has a high reinforcing value. Also, there was a preference for amaranth consumption compared with the other two reinforcers. Amaranth is proposed as a good alternative for use as a reinforcer with several advantages such as consumer preference, its reinforcing value, accessibility in the country and that it is cheaper than the usual pellets.
Abstract
This study evaluates amaranth as an alternative to reinforcers which are currently used in experimental laboratories with rodents. We compared some elements such as consumer [...]
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Psychometric Properties of the Social Support From Parents and Friends Scale (AFA-R) in a Student Sample
M. Ramírez, R. Hernández

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the social support from parents and friends scale (AFA-R). Using a non random sample of students, internal consistency was analyzed and the factor structure of the AFA-R. Internal consistency was adequate (α=.918) and factor analysis corroborated the bi-factor structure, explaining 66.09% of its variance. The correlation between stress and social support was negative and significant (rs =-.337, p=.001) and it is evidence of validity. The results showed adequate psychometric properties of the AFA-R.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the social support from parents and friends scale (AFA-R). Using a non random sample of students, internal [...]
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Psychometric Properties of a Scale to Assess Social Support through Social Networks
M. Ramírez, R. Hernández, C. Rodríguez

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
Recently, the use and research of social networks have increased, however, to know if people perceived enough social support from their contacts in social networks, adequate questionnaires are required to measure perceived social support received from social networks. Thus, we designed and tested a scale to assess social support through social networks. It was answered by 245 men and 252 women with a mean age of 28.4 years. The scale was designed based on The MOS social support survey (Sherbourne & Stewart, 1991 ), starting with 24 items, after analysis of reliability and factor structure an instrument with 15 items was obtained. Its reliability measured by Cronbach’s alpha was of .94 and an acceptable goodness of fit in the confirmatory factor analysis.
Abstract
Recently, the use and research of social networks have increased, however, to know if people perceived enough social support from their contacts in social networks, adequate [...]
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The Effectiveness of EMDR Treatment for Guatemalans with Symptoms of Trauma
R. Gómez, B. Ashdown

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
Guatemala has a relatively low ratio of psychologists to the general population (6.89 psychologists per 100, 000 people), which makes it imperative that the therapeutic treatments utilized by psychologists are successful, effective and efficient. The current study explored the effectiveness and efficiency of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy on lowering the levels of symptoms of psychological trauma among Guatemalan participants. Seven participants with moderate to grave symptoms underwent three sessions of EMDR therapy with a therapist trained and certified in EMDR techniques. The frequency and intensity of symptoms experienced by the participants decreased significantly after the therapy. Over the same time period, symptoms of trauma did not decrease (or increase) in a control group who did not receive EMDR therapy. These results suggest that EMDR could serve as a short-term, successful type of treatment for therapists to employ with clients who manifest symptoms of psychological trauma.
Abstract
Guatemala has a relatively low ratio of psychologists to the general population (6.89 psychologists per 100, 000 people), which makes it imperative that the therapeutic treatments [...]
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Validity and Reliability of a Exposure to Community Violence in Youth Questionnaire
H. Hernández, E. Gómez-Maqueo, C. Patiño

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
In Mexico in recent years violence has been increased, specific in northern states, but also others crime and violence rates have been increased. The impact of these rates in general population has few records (official or research reports), studies in youth exposed to violence focuses mainly in bullying and dating violence, however in adolescents population practically doesn’t exist community violence records or measures indicated to this problem. This context teenager’s circumstances (exposure to violence and rising crime levels and insecurity) (Pansters and Castillo, 2007, Hope, 2012 ), require instruments to assess this specific phenomenon in youths since the information on the perception (and exposure) of violence and insecurity in the country has increased in the last years, but little is known about young people, then the aim of this study is to obtain the validity and reliability of the Exposure to Insecurity and Violence Questionnaire for Adolescents. Participants were 573 junior and senior high school students (13-19 years, x = 14.89, SD = 1.5, 56% middl 50.08% men) in Mexico City. A forced factor analysis, by 6 factors (KMO = .849, p = .001, 10 iterations) based on previous findings of a qualitative study (Gomez & Lucio, 2013, in press) was conducted. This model explained 39% of variance, which indicates that violence is a multidimensional phenomenon. Reliability was obtained by Cronbach’s alpha with a total value of .92.
Abstract
In Mexico in recent years violence has been increased, specific in northern states, but also others crime and violence rates have been increased. The impact of these rates [...]
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Etiology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and associated characteristics in infancy and childhood
R. Wilma

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The early identification of the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) allows the implementation of effective therapies, this fact causes the study of the etiology of the disorder and the associated characteristics during infancy and childhood. The data was gathered through a clinical questionnaire of the ADHD for parents. The subjects were ten mothers aged in average 32 years. The results show that the disorder is hereditary and besides, there are risk factors during pregnancy and birth. The associated characteristics of ADHD during infancy and childhood are a level of activity above the average, restless sleep, quiet insistent to ask for something, normal gross motor development, poor fine motor coordination, greater risk of accidental injury, slightly premature development of language, fair academic progress, repetition of a grade, involvement in special education programs, difficulty in keeping friends and poor rule-governed behavior.
Abstract
The early identification of the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) allows the implementation of effective therapies, this fact causes the study of the etiology [...]
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Adaptation and Psychometric Validation of the Moos’ Work Environmental Scale (Wes) in Mexico
A. García-Saisó, P. Ortega-Andeane, I. Reyes-Lagunes

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The objective of this research was to generate a standardized that assessed organization social climate in Mexican population. Was used The Work Environmental Scale, Spanish version (Moos, 2008 ), to be adapted. The scale include 90 items, with six options for answers. The scale was applied to 490 Mexican employees in order to obtain its psychometrical validation. The distribution was as follow: age between 18 and 66, 261 women and 229 men, diverse school levels. A proper analysis took place in order to learn about the ítems discriminative power, reliability and valid factorial structure for the Mexican worker population. The final scale was conformed by 18 items organized by three factors and one indicator as follow: 1) work environment, 2) physical aspects of the work place, 3) organization rules and regulations and 4) the change indicator.
Abstract
The objective of this research was to generate a standardized that assessed organization social climate in Mexican population. Was used The Work Environmental Scale, Spanish [...]
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Specification of a Model of Criminal Behavior
C. Lirios

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
Criminal behavior is a term that refers to the violence generated in a cultural, economic, political or social environment that is embodied in the dynamics of groups to diversify in their indicators. In this sense, the state of knowledge has built explanatory models of violence in order to differentiate the causes and effects. The aim of this study was to specify a model for the study of criminal behavior as a result of the spiral and dynamics of violence in the group where the perpetrator operates, the victim, spectators and the inquisitors. Conducted a desk study with selected sources indexed datábase during the period 2009 to 2014. The findings reported in the literature review warn that criminal behavior is the solé responsibility of the perpetrator, although the revised models show the victim, spectators and the inquisitors would stewards. Thus, the discussion was made considering the contributions of experts and the conceptual framework.
Abstract
Criminal behavior is a term that refers to the violence generated in a cultural, economic, political or social environment that is embodied in the dynamics of groups to diversify [...]
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Macroscopic diagnosis of drug use risks in Mexico
V. Aurrecoechea, S. Kuri, A. Alcaráz, M. Cáceres

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
With the objective to identify, among 317 municipalities and delegations of the country, those requiring with higher priority drug abuse prevention and treatment services, it was made a cross-sectional study, based on the Delphi method, which is a structured methodology to systematically collect expert opinions on an issue, so that the individual assessments are transformed to produce a collective judgment on the subject that was carried out, and apply a weight to the variables under study. In this case we had a panel of 55 experts, whose assessed the risk level of 33 updated demographic, health, economic, education, housing, geographic, touristic, socio-familiar, drug trafficking and use of illegal drugs. The studied variables were: Proportion of urban concentration, average growth rate, average age, proportion of male population, international migration rate, Proportion of health services, Homes with water and electricity, Drawnig housing service, Internet housing service, Overcrowding level, Income level, Food poverty, Capability poverty, Patrimony poverty, Persons of 3 years and older who do not attend school, Persons aged 12 and over who do not attend school, school level, location on the northern border, are part of large metropolis, inflow of national and international tourism, proportion of early pregnancy, people who practice some religion, be located on routes of trafficking marijuana, cocaine, methamphetamine and / or heroin, prevalence of drug use among young people, prevalence of cocaine and marijuana use, the perception of increased drug use, and the proportion of the population that has been offered drugs for free. The results showed that of the 371 municipalities and delegations with 50, 000 inhabitants or more considered for this study, 85 of them were part of large metropolis with more than a million people, 73 were tourist spots and 73.5% of the localities made urban concentrations. Were identified 59 municipalities and delegations with a high or very high macro-social risk level and 105 municipalities and delegations with a medium-high macro-social risk level, requiring with highest priority services of prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of drug abuse problems.
Abstract
With the objective to identify, among 317 municipalities and delegations of the country, those requiring with higher priority drug abuse prevention and treatment services, [...]
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Cuestionario de Fuentes de Sentido y de Sentido de Vida: Propiedades Psicométricas y Aspectos Sociodemográficos en una Amplia Muestra Brasileña
B. Damásio, S. Koller, T. Schnell

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
This study presents the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Sources of Meaning and Meaning in Life Questionnaire (SoMe-BR). Participants were 3.034 subjects (63.9% women), ranging in age from 18 to 91 years. Reliability analysis, parallel analysis (PA), exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were employed to evaluate the structure and reliability of the SoMe-BR. Through PA and ESEM, a five-dimension structure for the 26 sources of meaning was achieved. CFAs supported meaningfulness and crisis of meaning as two distinct constructs. Convergent validity within the SoMe-BR and between the SoMe-BR and other scales were also achieved. Regarding the SoMe scores and sociodemographic variables, significant main effects were found for gender, age groups and marital status. Our results corroborate the international literature, which claims in favor of the SoMe as a reliable measure to evaluate meaning in life contents in different cultural contexts.
Abstract
This study presents the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Sources of Meaning and Meaning in Life Questionnaire (SoMe-BR). Participants were 3.034 subjects [...]
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The Role of the Closeness between Siblings on Sexual Behaviour Protected
D. Negrete, S. Montijo

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The purpose of the study was to investigate whether dyadic configuration fraternal closeness by gender and role (brother/sister older/younger) predicts condom use or if it´s a mediating role in parental variables associated with frequency of condom use. 592 university students participated elected a non-probability sampling (43.8% men and 56.3% women). Assessed sexual communication with parents, parenting styles, fraternal closeness and frequency of condom use in the last six months. Women with an older sister frequently used condoms unlike men. The fraternal closeness with younger brother in women (β-) and closeness to the younger sister in males are predictors of condom use. Parental variables were set as predictors of fraternal closeness but not condom use. Discuss the importance of including in the analysis of sexual behavior protected fraternal group in relation to parental variables in order to have a different interpretation on how the family (parents-siblings) influences sexual behavior.
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to investigate whether dyadic configuration fraternal closeness by gender and role (brother/sister older/younger) predicts condom use or if it´s [...]
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#Ladies & #Gentlemen of Mexico City: Social Dominance and Discriminatory Attitudes
A. Eller, E. Martínez, J. López, P. Granados, C. Pérez, P. González

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
Social dominance orientation/theory (SDO) explains the extent to which individuals accept or reject ideologies that legitimize hierarchies and discrimination or equality and social justice. Numerous studies have shown that SDO predicts a wide range of political, ideological, and intergroup phenomena, particularly in relation to negativity towards minorities and outgroups. The aims of the present study were to apply the SDO scale in a Mexican context, examine differences in SDO according to sex, age group, and social class, and investigate whether an orientation towards social dominance would be detectable not only on an abstract level but a concrete level, that of approving inter-class discrimination. We predicted that (1)SDO would be higher in men than women, older than younger participants, and upper rather than lower social classes, (2)that approval of discrimination would be determined by SDO and social class, and (3) that SDO would correlate with approval of discrimination. Participants were N=150 members of the public in Mexico City, with a mean age of 35.3 years (range: 18-74) and from areas of different social classes. Participants completed paper-and-pencil questionnaires on the street. We measured demographics (sex, age, place of residence), a 16-item SDO scale (e.g., “Some people are just more deserving than others”) with a Cronbach’s alpha of .83, and three instances of discriminatory behavior on the part of upper-class members towards lower-class members, alpha=.90, e.g.: “The behavior of the ‘Ladies of Polanco’ insulting a police officer is justified”. All items were measured on 5-point Likert-type scales, from 1=strongly disagree to 5=strongly agree. Results were generally in line with the hypotheses. A three-way ANOVA on social dominance showed significant effects of sex and place of residence, but not age group nor significant interactions. Men scored significantly higher than women on social dominance, providing evidence for the “invariance hypothesis”. Unexpectedly, lower-class participants showed highest levels of SDO, followed by middle-class and upper-class participants. A two-way ANOVA on approval of discrimination showed significant effects of place of residence and SDO and a significant interaction. Middle-class participants showed significantly higher levels of approval of discrimination than the other two classes. SDO correlated with approval of discrimination. Unexpected effects might be due to differential levels of education among social classes and/or to social mobility. The present study is the first investigation of SDO in Mexico and shows the link between an abstract orientation towards social hierarchies and approval of class-based discrimination in everyday life.
Abstract
Social dominance orientation/theory (SDO) explains the extent to which individuals accept or reject ideologies that legitimize hierarchies and discrimination or equality and [...]
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Attitudes, Intentions and Alcoholic Beverages Consumption
C. Pimentel, T. Nascimento, J. Noriega, G. Moura

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The abuse of alcohol beverages is considered a public health problem worldwide. Several researchers have been addressing this problem and one of the best ways to know it is by surveying attitudes. The attitudes toward alcohol use are consistent predictors of alcohol use, but the intended use may mediate these relations. With this goal in question, we sought to test this mediation model: attitudes toward alcohol use → alcohol use’s intention → alcohol use. A total of 220 students participated in the study of public and private high schools of the Federal District, Brazil, equally distributed by gender, with ages ranging from 12 to 42 years, the majority of young people. It is shown correlations between measures of attitudes toward alcohol use, intended use and use and is further corroborated the model of partial mediation. These results are compared with previous research and suggestions in advance to the prediction of alcohol use by the attitudes.
Abstract
The abuse of alcohol beverages is considered a public health problem worldwide. Several researchers have been addressing this problem and one of the best ways to know it is [...]
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Señales sobre Estigma Aumentan las Emociones Conscientes y Disminuyen la Probabilidad de Atención a la Información sobre Prevención de Cuestiones Estigmatizadas de Salud
A. Earl, C. Nisson, D. Albarracín

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
Health communications are only effective if target audiences actually receive the messages. One potential barrier to effective health communication is the potential stigma of attending to health information, particularly for stigmatizing health issues. The purpose of the present paper was to examine when participants report self-conscious emotions (e.g., shame, embarrassment) in response to health communications, as well as likelihood of reading health information associated with these emotions. Across three studies, participants read information about preventing diseases that are either highly stigmatized or non-stigmatized. Increased accessibility of stigma cues by (a) manipulating the perceived absence vs. presence of others, or (b) measuring lower vs. higher rejection sensitivity resulted in increased self-conscious emotions in response to information about stigmatized health issues. In addition, stigma cues decreased the likelihood of reading information about stigmatized (but not non-stigmatized) health information. Implications for health outcomes and intervention design are discussed.
Abstract
Health communications are only effective if target audiences actually receive the messages. One potential barrier to effective health communication is the potential stigma [...]
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Risk Perception and Safety Climate in Drivers of Public Transport at Mérida, Yucatán
N. Koh, M. Covarrubias, V. Alpuche, D. Loria

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The organizations must provide a safety climate, this refers to the perceptions shared on politics, procedures and safety practices of the organization. The target of this study is to provide a quantitative vision on the perception of the factors of risk that the public transport operators possess in relation to the safety climate. This study was realized in the field of public transport, which refers to “an integral system of means of transport of widespread use, capable of giving solution to the needs for displacements of the persons”. The transport as human mobility is an essential aspect for the society, for this there is needed a system of healthy and sure transport that agrees with the lineaments that ask for the laws. 54 Operators informed transport of masculine sex of the city of Merida, Yucatan, to which there him were applied two instruments, “Perception of Risk” (Aguilar, 2013) and “safety Climate” (Meliá, 1999), the ages were fluctuating between the 26 to 66 years. There was realized the statistical test of the interrelation of Pearson because this one claims to know the association and relation between two variables, in addition to knowing the index of reliability and validity of the measuring devices used in the investigation. With the obtained results it is possible to observe that differences do not exist as per statistics significant between the safety climate and the perception of risk. Nevertheless, it was possible to find other variables that are excellent on having evaluated the perception I water, in this study one found that at major age, the major one exists in the risk perception on the part of the operators of transport public. It is necessary to emphasize that a limitation was the number of participants, for it, a suggestion for future investigations, it is to increase the number of participants, because it would be a more representative sample on this problems.
Abstract
The organizations must provide a safety climate, this refers to the perceptions shared on politics, procedures and safety practices of the organization. The target of this [...]
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Well-being, Social Support and Family Context in Caregivers of Older Adults
M. Guedea, A. García, M. Sander

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
Objective: to explore the perception of social support as a mediator of the influence from a problematic family context on the well-being of family caregivers of functionally dependent older adults. Method: a non-probabilistic sample of 464 family caregivers participated by answering a psychometric instrument that was previously validated for the population of reference. Results: a series of confirmatory factor analyses indicated the fit of observed variables to represent the constructs of subjective well-being, perception of social support and problematic family context. The case of caregivers who live with the dependent older adult, where the influence of the stressing family context on the caregiver’s well-being is mediated by the caregiver’s perception of social support was identified as the model with better fit after the review of four different models. Conclusions: this paper agrees with the buffer effect of social support documented in scientific literature, it also provides data to enrich the knowledge about the family and social circumstances associated to the Mexican family caregivers.
Abstract
Objective: to explore the perception of social support as a mediator of the influence from a problematic family context on the well-being of family caregivers of functionally [...]
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Comparison of Three Risk Models of Harmful Use of Alcohol in Mexican Students
D. Negrete, J. Hernández, S. Kuri, C. Cáceres

Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify psychosocial correlates of harmful alcohol use among young Mexican students, and to comparatively prove the predictive validity of three theoretical models, each one capable to support the research of the problem and to guide the design of theoretically and empirically grounded preventive and treatment programs: a) the alcohol expectancies theory, b) the social learning theory by R. Akers, and c) the planned behavior theory. Findings indícate that these three models are appropriate predictive models for harmful alcohol use in the studied group. The highest predictive weight belongs to positive expectancies associated to the effects of alcohol, followed by alcohol use among friends, low risk perception, and self-control of alcohol drinking as a protective factor. Findings suggest the convenience of the application of a composed multi-varied algorithm, integrated by factors and variables extracted from the three models.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify psychosocial correlates of harmful alcohol use among young Mexican students, and to comparatively prove the predictive validity of three [...]
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