Documents published in Scipedia

• Grupos de Aculturación y Satisfacción Vital

  C. Brown, J. Gibbons, H. Hughes

  Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

  
  

  Abstract

  The purpose of our study was to determine if acculturation variables from different acculturation domains form empirically extracted acculturation clusters [based on Berry’s (1997) model], and if the clusters are related to the life satisfaction of first and second generation immigrant college students. One hundred twenty-two students attending a university in the Midwestern USA (70% female), representing more than 20 countries of origin, completed an online questionnaire. Hierarchical cluster analysis using Ward’s method and a k-means analysis revealed four acculturation clusters that were labeled (1) Bicultural Attitudes, (2) Bicultural Practices & Heritage Identity, (3) U.S. Practices, and (4) Heritage Practices. Participants in the two clusters most closely resembling Berry’s (1997) acculturation category of integration (i.e., Bicultural Attitudes, and Bicultural Practices & Heritage Identity) reported significantly higher life satisfaction than participants in the cluster most closely resembling Berry’s (1997) acculturation category of separation (i.e., Heritage Practices). The findings of the present study lend additional support to the use of clustering methods as a way of including multiple domains of acculturation, thereby gaining a more comprehensive understanding of acculturation and its connection with psychosocial adjustment. The results also reinforce prior research findings that integration, or biculturalism, is an adaptive acculturation strategy.

  Abstract
  The purpose of our study was to determine if acculturation variables from different acculturation domains form empirically extracted acculturation clusters [based on Berry’s [...]

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• Institutional and Social Trust: An Inescapable Relationship

  M. Beramendi, G. Delfino, E. Zubieta

  Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

  
  

  Abstract

  The institutions are responsible to promote, regulate and guarantee the coordinated social action among citizens. For decades the institutional trust has been declining. This creates a major problem because institutional trust is necessary for the institutions development. Among the negative consequences that it brings, it is found that the low institutional trust is associated with low general social trust. Because of that, people feel insecure in their relationships with others and have pessimistic thoughts about the reliability of strangers, which affects social cohesion, cooperation, collective connection and tolerance between citizens, among other things. The aim of this paper is to analyze the relationship between social trust and institutional confidence in the Argentinean context, confidence levels, and the relationship between institutional trust and effectiveness. For these purposes, a self- administered questionnaire was designed and applied to 316 college students from four public and private universities in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina. The results indicate that participants have a low institutional and general social trust, there is a relationship between institutional trust and general social trust, and finally, that institutional confidence is influenced by the perception of institutions effectiveness. Despite this rather optimistic scenario, these results may help to identify the areas to start working out the problems of low levels of institutional and social trust. If the social confidence of Argentineans is greater than institutional trust, it should be strengthened these social ties as it will allow to improve social cohesion and participation, and believe that working together can improve and change the proper functioning of institutions. From this point, It is possible gradually increase the number of people as social networks. Also, as results shows from this research and previous ones, the Education in Argentina is an institution in which you trust, and it would be feasible to start and/or strengthen the process of change in educative centers. Although it is not an easy task, it is necessary for society to live better and more equitably.

  Abstract
  The institutions are responsible to promote, regulate and guarantee the coordinated social action among citizens. For decades the institutional trust has been declining. This [...]

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• Preliminary Validation for the Adaptative Behavior Scale ABS-RC:2 in Spain

  M. Medina-Gómez, M. García-Alonso, V. Cernuda

  Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

  
  

  Abstract

  In this study, psychometric properties of scale ABS-RC:2 in a Spanish context are analyzed. This scale assesses adaptive behavior in adults with intellectual disabilities to determine their diagnosis, classification and supportive needs. The scale was applied to 198 Spanish with intellectual disabilities between the ages of 18-69 (M=41, 8 DE=11, 7). First, the internal consistency was analyzed by Cronbachs Alpha. Pearsons correlation to obtain test-raters indexes, inter-raters, the criterion validity and items intercorrelation. Then, the factor analysis was performed extracting components and making with Varimax rotation method. Results show a suitable validity and reliability. The scale domains are solid and the five-factors structure looks like the original versión. The adaptation seems to fit perfectly to assess the adaptive behavior and to establish necessary supports.

  Abstract
  In this study, psychometric properties of scale ABS-RC:2 in a Spanish context are analyzed. This scale assesses adaptive behavior in adults with intellectual disabilities [...]

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• The Role of Parents in their Children’s Sexual Health

  S. Gaona, S. Montijo, R. Diaz-Loving

  Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

  
  

  Abstract

  The purposes of this study were to identify the predictors of intention to use condoms in sexually inexperienced adolescents, and to know the role of parents in these variables. Information was obtained from 290 students and their parents (n = 290) using a self-report instrument. The results showed that young people have greater intention to use condoms when they perceive able to use it (self-efficacy). The parents had an influence on mediating variables of self-efficacy through their knowledge of condom use, stereotypes to the sexual health care, positive expectations of communication and through communication they have with their children about sex. The results of this research are discussed considering the importance of self-report measures of both parents and their children and their impact on the development of their relationship. The authors emphasize the role of parents in precursor variables protected sexual behavior of their children and discusses the implications of this study in intervention programs aimed at preventing sexual health problems in young sexually inexperienced.

  Abstract
  The purposes of this study were to identify the predictors of intention to use condoms in sexually inexperienced adolescents, and to know the role of parents in these variables. [...]

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• Cultural Effects on Maintenance Strategies and Marital Satisfaction

  C. Hurtarte, R. Aragón, R. Loving

  Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

  
  

  Abstract

  The literature determines that the culture establishes beliefs, roles and appropriate behaviors within close-relationship which help on the permanence of the relationship and the marital satisfaction by means of maintenances strategies. These strategies have been studied from a gender role perspective however, the effect that they have over maintenance strategies is not enough to explain them, therefore it is necessary to include others cultural elements that reflect the beliefs of close-relationships, as cultural premises. The aim of this study was to identify the impact of cultural premises and gender roles have over maintenance strategies and marital satisfaction in 200 people of Mexico City. Through multiple regressions analysis, the results reveal that the influence of premises has over marital satisfaction is different in men and women, in the women are the premises of passion while men are commitment. These results suggest re-evaluating the importance and function that the sexuality has on maintenance strategies and marital satisfaction.

  Abstract
  The literature determines that the culture establishes beliefs, roles and appropriate behaviors within close-relationship which help on the permanence of the relationship [...]

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• Internalized stigma in drug users in Córdoba, Argentina

  R. Abeldaño, V. Gallo, M. Burrone, A. Fernández

  Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

  
  

  Abstract

  To determine internalized stigma in people who use psychoactive substances and are under rehabilitation treatment in the city of Cordoba. The study was descriptive in 87 inpatients over 18 years, who are under rehabilitation treatment for psychoactive substance use. The instrument was the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness previously adapted. In the sample, there were identified scores that indicate moderate to severe internalized stigma in 17 of the 29 items of the total scale. Also, it was observed higher stigma indicators in patients who reported consuming only alcohol, than patients who reported multiple substances consumption. Internalized stigma is a common problem among people who use psychoactive substances, moreover, stigma can be more severe in people who consume only alcohol, than people who consume alcohol in combination with other substances.

  Abstract
  To determine internalized stigma in people who use psychoactive substances and are under rehabilitation treatment in the city of Cordoba. The study was descriptive in 87 inpatients [...]

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• Sense of community: A proposal for its assessment

  M. Lezama, I. Lagunes

  Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

  
  

  Abstract

  Sense of community is a subject rounded by a lot of discussions about. Nowadays, lifestyles, consumption practices and cultural changes in global cities make difficult to define sense of community. Traditional notions seem not to agree with peoples perceptions and ways of connect with each other in the city. It is necessary to review theoretical framework, to conduct exploratory studies and to propose assessment scales in order to understand and explain the nature of the communities in contemporary cities. Hiernaux (2001) and Krause (2001) propose to reconsider community and sense of community notions and redefine it in an operational and useful way. A minimal structure for sense of community has been defined by Krause (2001) which includes belonging, interconnection and common culture. Considering Krauses proposal and results of a previous exploratory study in Mexico City a Likert scale was developed. The main purpose is to contribute to evaluation of sense of community in the city. The original 39 items scale was applied to a sample of 202 Mexico Citys in habitants to obtain its psychometrical validation, 50% were woman and 50% were men from 143 different neighborhoods. A proper analysis took place to learn about items discriminative power, reliability and valid factorial structure. Subsequently a Confirmatory Factor Analysis was conducted to verify if the structure obtained from the Principal Component Analysis was correct, and a good fit was achieved (df = 26, x2 = 37.57, p = .066, CFI = .981, RMSEA = .045), the sample for the confirmatory factor analysis was of 218 Mexico Citys inhabitants, 50% were woman and 50% were men from 90 different neighborhoods. Final scale is constitute for 9 items structured in a single factor with a reliability index of α= .85. Neighborhoods sense of community scale is a brief, with criteria validity and culturally outstanding scale.

  Abstract
  Sense of community is a subject rounded by a lot of discussions about. Nowadays, lifestyles, consumption practices and cultural changes in global cities make difficult to [...]

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• Family Problems and Migration of Adolescents

  J. Ruiz, J. López, J. Espinoza, F. Gaxiola, R. Robles, A. Kasparane, J. Puente

  Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

  
  

  Abstract

  This article deals with family issues, its relationship between the migration of parents and the adolescents’ desire to migrate or not in the rural community of San Mateo Ozolco in state of Puebla, Mexico. Research began with an exploratory study, through interviews with 10 key informants, the Family Problems Instrument was applied to 121 middle and high school students. The population was divided for further detail, considering the intentions to migrate or not, allowing a differentiation between families and their relationship to family problems. Also, the population was divided into children of migrant and non migrant parents to see their correspondence with family problems. The results indicate that the Family Negative interaction and the Family Aggression are influencing the migration decision of adolescents.

  Abstract
  This article deals with family issues, its relationship between the migration of parents and the adolescents’ desire to migrate or not in the rural community of San Mateo [...]

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• Aumentando la Validez Social de los Tratamientos Funcionales para la Conducta Problemática

  J. Álvarez, N. Call, J. Mevers

  Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

  
  

  Abstract

  Functional assessment, and function-based treatments, are the gold standard for the treatment of problem behavior. Historically, these assessment and treatment evaluations have been conducted in austere clinical settings to increase internal validity. While prioritizing internal validity is critical in the initial stages of a treatment evaluation, if there is not an eventual shift to prioritizing the external or social validity of the treatment it may inevitably fail in the natural environment. The purpose of this case example is to outline a socially valid approach to the assessment and treatment of problem behavior that ensures individuals’ and their families’ lives benefit in meaningful ways. More specifically, this case-example will outline a method of prioritizing social validity to identify treatment goals, conduct functional analysis, evaluate and generalize treatment, and implement caregiver training.

  Abstract
  Functional assessment, and function-based treatments, are the gold standard for the treatment of problem behavior. Historically, these assessment and treatment evaluations [...]

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• ¿Cuándo Es La Adherencia En Las Intervenciones De Promoción De Salud Intencional? Predicción De Regreso A Las Intervenciones De Promoción De La Salud En Función De La ocupación

  D. Albarracín, K. Wilson, M. Durantini, W. Livingood

  Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

  
  

  Abstract

  To test when intentional decisions enhance retention in health-promotion interventions, we analyzed the rate of return of 278 clients of HIV-prevention counseling at a state health department in Florida. Specifically, the role of intentions as a facilitator of returns was analyzed as a function of busyness (more children and work hours), while demographic and health factors that also influenced returns were controlled for. Consistent with the notion that actions depend on ability, intentions predicted the behavior of the less busy participants but failed to facilitate retention when participants were occupied with children and work. These findings suggest the efficacy of different retention strategies –one emphasizing explicit intention formation, and the other either attracting clients to counseling on the spot or using more ubiquitous technologies.

  Abstract
  To test when intentional decisions enhance retention in health-promotion interventions, we analyzed the rate of return of 278 clients of HIV-prevention counseling at a state [...]

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