Documents published in Scipedia

• Attitudes, Intentions and Alcoholic Beverages Consumption

  C. Pimentel, T. Nascimento, J. Noriega, G. Moura

  Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

  
  

  Abstract

  The abuse of alcohol beverages is considered a public health problem worldwide. Several researchers have been addressing this problem and one of the best ways to know it is by surveying attitudes. The attitudes toward alcohol use are consistent predictors of alcohol use, but the intended use may mediate these relations. With this goal in question, we sought to test this mediation model: attitudes toward alcohol use → alcohol use’s intention → alcohol use. A total of 220 students participated in the study of public and private high schools of the Federal District, Brazil, equally distributed by gender, with ages ranging from 12 to 42 years, the majority of young people. It is shown correlations between measures of attitudes toward alcohol use, intended use and use and is further corroborated the model of partial mediation. These results are compared with previous research and suggestions in advance to the prediction of alcohol use by the attitudes.

  Abstract
  The abuse of alcohol beverages is considered a public health problem worldwide. Several researchers have been addressing this problem and one of the best ways to know it is [...]

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• Señales sobre Estigma Aumentan las Emociones Conscientes y Disminuyen la Probabilidad de Atención a la Información sobre Prevención de Cuestiones Estigmatizadas de Salud

  A. Earl, C. Nisson, D. Albarracín

  Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

  
  

  Abstract

  Health communications are only effective if target audiences actually receive the messages. One potential barrier to effective health communication is the potential stigma of attending to health information, particularly for stigmatizing health issues. The purpose of the present paper was to examine when participants report self-conscious emotions (e.g., shame, embarrassment) in response to health communications, as well as likelihood of reading health information associated with these emotions. Across three studies, participants read information about preventing diseases that are either highly stigmatized or non-stigmatized. Increased accessibility of stigma cues by (a) manipulating the perceived absence vs. presence of others, or (b) measuring lower vs. higher rejection sensitivity resulted in increased self-conscious emotions in response to information about stigmatized health issues. In addition, stigma cues decreased the likelihood of reading information about stigmatized (but not non-stigmatized) health information. Implications for health outcomes and intervention design are discussed.

  Abstract
  Health communications are only effective if target audiences actually receive the messages. One potential barrier to effective health communication is the potential stigma [...]

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• Risk Perception and Safety Climate in Drivers of Public Transport at Mérida, Yucatán

  N. Koh, M. Covarrubias, V. Alpuche, D. Loria

  Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

  
  

  Abstract

  The organizations must provide a safety climate, this refers to the perceptions shared on politics, procedures and safety practices of the organization. The target of this study is to provide a quantitative vision on the perception of the factors of risk that the public transport operators possess in relation to the safety climate. This study was realized in the field of public transport, which refers to “an integral system of means of transport of widespread use, capable of giving solution to the needs for displacements of the persons”. The transport as human mobility is an essential aspect for the society, for this there is needed a system of healthy and sure transport that agrees with the lineaments that ask for the laws. 54 Operators informed transport of masculine sex of the city of Merida, Yucatan, to which there him were applied two instruments, “Perception of Risk” (Aguilar, 2013) and “safety Climate” (Meliá, 1999), the ages were fluctuating between the 26 to 66 years. There was realized the statistical test of the interrelation of Pearson because this one claims to know the association and relation between two variables, in addition to knowing the index of reliability and validity of the measuring devices used in the investigation. With the obtained results it is possible to observe that differences do not exist as per statistics significant between the safety climate and the perception of risk. Nevertheless, it was possible to find other variables that are excellent on having evaluated the perception I water, in this study one found that at major age, the major one exists in the risk perception on the part of the operators of transport public. It is necessary to emphasize that a limitation was the number of participants, for it, a suggestion for future investigations, it is to increase the number of participants, because it would be a more representative sample on this problems.

  Abstract
  The organizations must provide a safety climate, this refers to the perceptions shared on politics, procedures and safety practices of the organization. The target of this [...]

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• Well-being, Social Support and Family Context in Caregivers of Older Adults

  M. Guedea, A. García, M. Sander

  Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

  
  

  Abstract

  Objective: to explore the perception of social support as a mediator of the influence from a problematic family context on the well-being of family caregivers of functionally dependent older adults. Method: a non-probabilistic sample of 464 family caregivers participated by answering a psychometric instrument that was previously validated for the population of reference. Results: a series of confirmatory factor analyses indicated the fit of observed variables to represent the constructs of subjective well-being, perception of social support and problematic family context. The case of caregivers who live with the dependent older adult, where the influence of the stressing family context on the caregiver’s well-being is mediated by the caregiver’s perception of social support was identified as the model with better fit after the review of four different models. Conclusions: this paper agrees with the buffer effect of social support documented in scientific literature, it also provides data to enrich the knowledge about the family and social circumstances associated to the Mexican family caregivers.

  Abstract
  Objective: to explore the perception of social support as a mediator of the influence from a problematic family context on the well-being of family caregivers of functionally [...]

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• Comparison of Three Risk Models of Harmful Use of Alcohol in Mexican Students

  D. Negrete, J. Hernández, S. Kuri, C. Cáceres

  Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

  
  

  Abstract

  The aim of this study was to identify psychosocial correlates of harmful alcohol use among young Mexican students, and to comparatively prove the predictive validity of three theoretical models, each one capable to support the research of the problem and to guide the design of theoretically and empirically grounded preventive and treatment programs: a) the alcohol expectancies theory, b) the social learning theory by R. Akers, and c) the planned behavior theory. Findings indícate that these three models are appropriate predictive models for harmful alcohol use in the studied group. The highest predictive weight belongs to positive expectancies associated to the effects of alcohol, followed by alcohol use among friends, low risk perception, and self-control of alcohol drinking as a protective factor. Findings suggest the convenience of the application of a composed multi-varied algorithm, integrated by factors and variables extracted from the three models.

  Abstract
  The aim of this study was to identify psychosocial correlates of harmful alcohol use among young Mexican students, and to comparatively prove the predictive validity of three [...]

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• Preface

  R. Diaz-Loving

  Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

  
  

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• Prólogo

  R. Diaz-Loving

  Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

  
  

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  R. Diaz-Loving

  Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

  
  

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  R. Diaz-Loving

  Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

  
  

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• Desire, Autoerotic and Sexual Impulsivity Indicators in Women from Mexico City

  C. Castillo, A. Romero, F. Gil-Bernal

  Collection of Acta de Investigación Psicológica (2017).

  
  

  Abstract

  The purpose of this study was to describe indicators of sexual desire, sexual impulsivity and auto-eroticism in 402 women aged between 17 and 35 years living in Mexico City. Positive relationships were found between the factors sexual self-efficacy and four of the six factors of sexual desire (‘attraction’, ‘excitement’, ‘romance’ and ‘sexual surrender’) and only one negative relationship between ‘self-efficacy’ and ‘sexual guilt’. ‘Sexual impulsivity’ correlated positively with sexual guilt. ‘Autoerotic desire’ correlated negatively with the factors ‘self-efficacy’ and ‘sexual guilt’. Some significant differences were found between age groups and between those classified as being or not sexually active. The group of elder women and of those who had already started their sexual life obtained the highest averages in the factors ‘sexual surrender’ and ‘excitement’.

  Abstract
  The purpose of this study was to describe indicators of sexual desire, sexual impulsivity and auto-eroticism in 402 women aged between 17 and 35 years living in Mexico City. [...]

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