Documents published in 2016 : Scipedia

Páginas previas de Hipogrifo 4.2, 2016
M. Insúa

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (2), 1
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Borges and Escher: the baroque labyrinth and the Neo-Baroque perception paradoxes
E. Leonardi

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (2), 1

Abstract
In baroques labyrinths it get consumed the perverse pleasure of artificious complexity, the enthusiasm for a virtual architecture able to metaphorise the endless trajectories of an inextricable universe. One of the evidents signs of neo-baroque crisis in Borges’s poetics is, without doubts, the presence of labyrinth’s geometrical metaphors. Also Escher, through his graphics representations of the unestable equilibrium between illusion and disillusion, between decryption and ontological doubt, between figures possibles and impossibles, ends enrolling himself in the scope of neo-baroque crisis.
Abstract
In baroques labyrinths it get consumed the perverse pleasure of artificious complexity, the enthusiasm for a virtual architecture able to metaphorise the endless trajectories [...]
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About «Book Sixteen» and «Book Seventeen» of the «Comentarios de erudición», by Bartolomé Jiménez Patón: Lexical Notes
J. Prieto

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (2), 1

Abstract
This study analyzes part of the lexicon of «Book Sixteen» and «Book Seventeen» of the Comentarios de Erudición by Bartolomé Jiménez Patón, in light of the discovery, a decade ago, of volume four of this great work that constitutes a compendium of the writings of the prolific Manchegan author. The data gathered indicate that our author’s lexicon is characterized by a curious duality: it is at the same time conservative, to the extent that it continues to resort to words and acceptations that doubtless were considered to be archaic in standard Spanish; and it is innovative as well, incorporating established Golden Age neologisms and occasionally introducing new meanings for extant words, as well as inventing new words of his own.
Abstract
This study analyzes part of the lexicon of «Book Sixteen» and «Book Seventeen» of the Comentarios de Erudición by Bartolomé Jiménez Patón, in light of the discovery, [...]
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Review of Ignacio Arellano, Duilio Ayalamacedo y James Iffland (eds.), «El Quijote desde América (Segunda parte)», New York, IDEA, 2016, 309 pp. Colección Batihoja, 24. ISBN: 978-1-9238795-14-5
S. Aguilar

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (2), 1

Abstract
Review of Ignacio Arellano, Duilio Ayalamacedo y James Iffland (eds.), El Quijote desde América (Segunda parte), New York, IDEA, 2016, 309 pp. Colección Batihoja, 24. ISBN: 978-1-9238795-14-5
Abstract
Review of Ignacio Arellano, Duilio Ayalamacedo y James Iffland (eds.), El Quijote desde América (Segunda parte), New York, IDEA, 2016, 309 pp. Colección Batihoja, 24. ISBN: [...]
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Review of Juan Manuel Gauger, «Autoridad jesuita y saber universal. La polémica cometaria entre Carlos de Sigüenza y Góngora y Eusebio Francisco Kino», Nueva York, IDEA, 2015, 176 pp. Colección Batihoja, 17. ISBN 978-1-938795-05-3
Á. Delgado-Gómez

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (2), 1

Abstract
Review of Juan Manuel Gauger, Autoridad jesuita y saber universal. La polémica cometaria entre Carlos de Sigüenza y Góngora y Eusebio Francisco Kino, Nueva York, IDEA, 2015, 176 pp. Colección Batihoja, 17. ISBN 978-1-938795-05-3
Abstract
Review of Juan Manuel Gauger, Autoridad jesuita y saber universal. La polémica cometaria entre Carlos de Sigüenza y Góngora y Eusebio Francisco Kino, Nueva York, IDEA, [...]
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Tirso de Molina: the Dramatist in the Crisis of the Succession of 1621
A. Paterson

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (2), 1

Abstract
The crisis is the political upheaval that accompanied the ascent of Olivares to power. Its repercussions on the religious and literary career of Fr. Gabriel Téllez/Tirso de Molina are examined. The primary documents analysed include the two passages in Téllez’s Historia de la Orden de la Merced (one from the early 1630s. the other revised towards the end of the decade) containing his hostile criticism of the struggle between the two groups, Lerma’s associates and those of Olivares. This hostility relates to the sentence issued by the Junta de Reformación (1625) and to be meted out as its response to the notorious case of Fr. Gabriel Téllez oka Tirso de Molina, etc. This connection confirms our seeing Tirso as a notable political victim. Yet in the thirties, Tirso’s position is complex. To offset the clear indications of a major if not terminal disruption to his activity as dramatist, the circumstances attendant on the Parte tercera de las comedias (1634) are examined to show how Fr. Gabriel came to the defence of his creation Tirso de Molina, by ensuring his survival in print. The text of the Junta’s sentence informs us of the reason its judges had to silence the dramatist; it concerns his writing plays which are profane and give bad examples. This information invites us to ask to which plays can the harsh sentence of the Junta refer? The reply to this question forms the main theme of the study. It is argued that La venganza de Tamar is a work seriously involved in the turbulent politics of the succession. This argument is preceded by an essential study on the text as authorized by Tirso and subject to the editorial scrutiny of Lucas de Avila. The nexus of images referring to physical hunger that develops into sexual and political hunger is coordinated with the recurring image of the body, presented in a series of progressively morbid pathological states. The human body receives focus in a spectacular way, as a conspicuous object on stage. The climax to the series is the banquet where Amón’s mutilated corpse is both guest and dish, a scene that evokes the Thyestes of Seneca, the tragic example of how a royal house is destroyed by violence from within. The image of the sick body, punctuating the play, stands for the sickness in the body politic. The dynamic of the play consists in moving the audience to see in Tirso’s reconfiguration of the biblical story the pathological condition of the State.
Abstract
The crisis is the political upheaval that accompanied the ascent of Olivares to power. Its repercussions on the religious and literary career of Fr. Gabriel Téllez/Tirso [...]
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Páginas previas de Hipogrifo 4.1, 2016
M. Insúa

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (1), 1
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The «Certamen Contra Certamen»: a Literary Controversy in Late 17th Century Salamanca
B. Vidal

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (2), 1

Abstract
The festive background of late Baroque Spain has been until not long ago considerably ignored by the critics, which is why it has become mandatory to delve into the study of the various manifestations that arise in this period, like gallos, the vejamen or the justas poéticas. It is the case of the Justa poética sagrada, celebrated in Salamanca in 1691 to commemorate the canonization of san Juan de Sahagún and whose call cause the Certamen contra Certamen, a satirical reply and opposed to the event celebrated in the Colegio de San Bartolomé. This article aims to examine the printed documents which appears after the Certamen contra Certamen, as well the context which arises, as in the controversy emerged with the justa, considering that whose news, both contemporary and posterior are scarce.
Abstract
The festive background of late Baroque Spain has been until not long ago considerably ignored by the critics, which is why it has become mandatory to delve into the study [...]
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Fray Julian Garces. The Defender of the Indians (1527-1542)
J. Andreu

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (2), 1

Abstract
Julian Garcés was the first bishop of Puebla de los Ángeles, playing a fundamental role in the founding of the new city, in a territory where the indigenous population was considerable and where the evangelization was just beginning. Despite his advanced age, fray Julian Garcés managed not only to found one of the most important cities of New Spain, but assisting in the protection of the natives, against the abuses of greedy conquerors. This research aims to show, by the historical and legal analysis and documentary technique, part of the work of this eminent prelate, who not only shape the city of Puebla de los Ángeles, but the protection of indigenous natives of the new world.
Abstract
Julian Garcés was the first bishop of Puebla de los Ángeles, playing a fundamental role in the founding of the new city, in a territory where the indigenous population was [...]
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«Theater of Sorrows»: Rhetoric and Space in Francisco Romero's «Llanto Sagrado de la América Meridional»
J. García

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (2), 1

Abstract
This article aims to analyze the text entitled Llanto sagrado de la América Meridional written by the Augustinian friar Francisco Romero. The work presents a kind of spiritual mapping of american land. Therefore, the text divides the territory of the continent according to their proximity or remoteness from the true faith. Our main objective will be to examine the rhetorical mechanisms that lie behind this description of the Indian space.
Abstract
This article aims to analyze the text entitled Llanto sagrado de la América Meridional written by the Augustinian friar Francisco Romero. The work presents a kind of spiritual [...]
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Review of Luis de Miranda, «Romance», ed. Silvia Tieffemberg, Madrid/Frankfurt/Pamplona, Iberoamericana/Vervuert/Universidad de Navarra, 2014, 196 pp. ISBN 978-84-8489-832-0
S. Rueda

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (2), 1

Abstract
Review of Luis de Miranda, Romance, ed. Silvia Tieffemberg, Madrid/Frankfurt/Pamplona, Iberoamericana/Vervuert/Universidad de Navarra, 2014, 196 pp. ISBN 978-84-8489-832-0
Abstract
Review of Luis de Miranda, Romance, ed. Silvia Tieffemberg, Madrid/Frankfurt/Pamplona, Iberoamericana/Vervuert/Universidad de Navarra, 2014, 196 pp. ISBN 978-84-8489-832[...]
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On the Inaccuracies of Calderón
P. Castiñeira

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (2), 1

Abstract
Analysing the errors committed by Calderón himself during his writing amplify the perspective on his complex composition process. The aim of this paper is to offer an initial approximation on autograph errors located in En la vida todo es verdad y todo mentira, La desdicha de la voz and Cada uno para sí. A first typology considering its production, its magnitude and its posterior survival is deduced from the examples exposed.
Abstract
Analysing the errors committed by Calderón himself during his writing amplify the perspective on his complex composition process. The aim of this paper is to offer an initial [...]
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Góngora and his Lady. Another Go at «De pura honestidad templo sagrado»
D. Waissbein

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (2), 1

Abstract
Giulia Poggi denies, in a recent study, that «De pura honestidad templo sagrado» describes the small sculpture of the Virgin of Villaviciosa in the Cathedral-Mosque of Córdoba, as suggested by me in 2010, and insists in the supposedly amatory character of the sonnet. In the following pages I demonstrate that neither of the two main arguments adduced by Poggi, a restrictive view of intertextuality, and an arbitrary summary of Pineda’s censorship comments, allow us to decide the point. Lastly, I indicate the comprehension mistakes of some lines of the sonnet by the Italian critic, which have led her astray; and I add some new factual information, related in part to Góngora’s converso condition, recently demonstrated, which strengthen the views that Poggi attempts to deny.
Abstract
Giulia Poggi denies, in a recent study, that «De pura honestidad templo sagrado» describes the small sculpture of the Virgin of Villaviciosa in the Cathedral-Mosque of Córdoba, [...]
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«Lope» by Andrucha Waddington: a biography of the «Fénix» for the silver screen
A. Carmona

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (2), 1

Abstract
Biopics of writers abound in cinema; however, of all the canonical Spanish Golden Age authors, only Lope’s biography has attracted cinematographic attention. In this paper we analyse the way the Fénix is presented in Lope, by Andrucha Waddington (2010), the last biopic of the author, in which reality and fiction intertwine to show the life of the «primer Lope». We show that the image of the poet in Waddington’s film is drawn from features created both by Lope himself and other authors, and that some of these particular features contribute to dilute the singularities of his life and personality.
Abstract
Biopics of writers abound in cinema; however, of all the canonical Spanish Golden Age authors, only Lope’s biography has attracted cinematographic attention. In this paper [...]
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Review of Tarifa Castilla, Mª José, «El convento de Nuestra Señora de la Victoria de Cascante», Cascante,VICUS, 2014, 221 pp., ISBN: 978-84-617-2795-7
G. Olleta

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (1), 1

Abstract
Review of Tarifa Castilla, Mª José, «El convento de Nuestra Señora de la Victoria de Cascante», Cascante,VICUS, 2014, 221 pp., ISBN: 978-84-617-2795-7
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Review of Richard Parra, «La tiranía del Inca. El Inca Garcilaso y la escritura política en el Perú colonial (1568-1617)», Lima, Ediciones Copé, 2015, 508 pp., ISBN 978-6124-20-221-6
G. Reyes

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (1), 1

Abstract
Review of Richard Parra, «La tiranía del Inca. El Inca Garcilaso y la escritura política en el Perú colonial (1568-1617)», Lima, Ediciones Copé, 2015, 508 pp., ISBN 978-6124-20-221-6
Abstract
Review of Richard Parra, «La tiranía del Inca. El Inca Garcilaso y la escritura política en el Perú colonial (1568-1617)», Lima, Ediciones Copé, 2015, 508 pp., ISBN [...]
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A bibliographical, material, description of the «Buscón’s» editio «princeps»
M. Quintanar

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (2), 1

Abstract
This article describes the Buscón’s editio princeps from a material point of view. Special attention is paid to the material examination of the busiest pages and of the emptiest pages. In the same way, this article studies the insertion of censorious and stylistic exclusive readings of the first edition. The information obtained shows that the variants due to ratio typographica were sporadic and irrelevant with regard to their meaning. Furthermore, it is possible that some exclusive variants of the first edition were introduced by the author, since they appear in other Quevedo’s works.
Abstract
This article describes the Buscón’s editio princeps from a material point of view. Special attention is paid to the material examination of the busiest pages and of the [...]
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The Words not Translated in Titu Cusi Yupanqui's «Instrucción»
M. Cattan

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (2), 1

Abstract
This study examines textual evidence in Titu Cusi's Instrucción in order to review the mediation that fray Marcos Garcia had in the production of this document. From a critical analysis of certain textual marks, the author attempts to reflect on the translation process and measure the level of intervention that the European thought —that of the translator’s Marcos García— has over the native point of view (i.e., the author’s Titu Cusi). The analysis focuses on the study of the select group of quechua words that were maintained in the text and the reasons why they were not translated into Spanish. To frame the translation strategy used by Marcos García, historical aspects and current theory on the art of translation are considered. Also, the concept of monologism introduced by Bakhtin is reviewed in order to understand the ideology that prevails over the translator’s discourse.
Abstract
This study examines textual evidence in Titu Cusi's Instrucción in order to review the mediation that fray Marcos Garcia had in the production of this document. From a critical [...]
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Swordmanship as Mathematical Science: The Curious Case of Luis Pacheco de Narváez
F. Schmelzer

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (2), 1

Abstract
From the 15th century on, the practitioners of the mechanical arts obtain a new self-confidence and do no longer want to be regarded merely as manual workers. In this context, they frequently underline the mathematical basis of their discipline in order to increase its value from the status of a mechanical to that of a liberal art. In the Spanish golden age period, the military art, amongst others, is conceived as a mathematical discipline. A particularly curious case is the Libro de las grandezas de la espada (1600) whose author, Luis Pacheco de Narváez (1570-1640), propagates the art of swordsmanship, which he names «the true skill», as a science based on the disciplines of the quadrivium. The present article outlines the arguments applied by Pacheco in a preliminary chapter in order to prove the mathematical and scientific status of his discipline.
Abstract
From the 15th century on, the practitioners of the mechanical arts obtain a new self-confidence and do no longer want to be regarded merely as manual workers. In this context, [...]
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Review of Tirso de Molina, «Amar por arte mayor», edición crítica, estudio y notas de Enrique García Santo-Tomás, New York/Madrid/Pamplona, IDEA/IET, 2015, 176 pp. ISBN: 978-1-938795-01-5
M. Lottman

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (1), 1

Abstract
Review of Tirso de Molina, «Amar por arte mayor», edición crítica, estudio y notas de Enrique García Santo-Tomás, New York/Madrid/Pamplona, IDEA/IET, 2015, 176 pp. ISBN: 978-1-938795-01-5
Abstract
Review of Tirso de Molina, «Amar por arte mayor», edición crítica, estudio y notas de Enrique García Santo-Tomás, New York/Madrid/Pamplona, IDEA/IET, 2015, 176 pp. ISBN: [...]
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Theatrical Companies, Textual Manipulation and Literary Authorship (Concerning Lope de Vega’s Tongue)
D. Rodríguez

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (2), 1

Abstract
In this paper I will study the presence and use of the words do, vide y vido in Lope de Vega’s works, by analyzing twenty seven critical editions based on Lopean holographs. The restricted and particular way in which Lope used these terms will allow me to identify passages from different plays that were surely manipulated, probably by directors of theatrical companies. By studying these examples, I will think about the need to analyze the vocabulary in order to prepare a critical edition and about the reliability and limits of the vocabulary as a method for determining the authorship of a Golden Age comedia.
Abstract
In this paper I will study the presence and use of the words do, vide y vido in Lope de Vega’s works, by analyzing twenty seven critical editions based on Lopean holographs. [...]
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A New Iconography? St. Teresa in New Spanish Art
L. Cuesta, A. Hernández

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (2), 1

Abstract
We analyze some works of art representing St. Teresa of Ávila, within the corpus of sermons, paintings and sculptures of the New Spain, to investigate its proximity or their uniqueness regarding the metropolis. We confront texts and images to enrich reading and show some artistic repertoires where he enrolled to the figure of the holy reformer of Carmel.
Abstract
We analyze some works of art representing St. Teresa of Ávila, within the corpus of sermons, paintings and sculptures of the New Spain, to investigate its proximity or their [...]
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Review of Fray Toribio de Benavente, Motolinía, «Historia de los indios de la Nueva España», ed. Mercedes Serna y Bernat Castany, Madrid, Real Academia Española/Centro para la Edición de los Clásicos Españoles, 2014, 439 pp., ISBN 978-84-617-0715-74
B. Pérez

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (1), 1

Abstract
Review of Fray Toribio de Benavente, Motolinía, «Historia de los indios de la Nueva España», ed. Mercedes Serna y Bernat Castany, Madrid, Real Academia Española/Centro para la Edición de los Clásicos Españoles, 2014, 439 pp., ISBN 978-84-617-0715-74
Abstract
Review of Fray Toribio de Benavente, Motolinía, «Historia de los indios de la Nueva España», ed. Mercedes Serna y Bernat Castany, Madrid, Real Academia Española/Centro [...]
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Linguistic Variation or Copyist Error?
R. Riquelme, T. Vergara

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (1), 1

Abstract
This article, embedded in the field of Philology —with an historical approach and a linguistic viewpoint— and in the history of the Spanish language, discusses the acceptability of the examples presented as copyist errors in two of the most renowned manuals in Spanish textual criticism, namely, Manual de crítica textual (1983, 2001) by Alberto Blecua, and La edición de textos (2011) by Miguel Ángel Pérez Priego (for Pérez Priego, see Arellano’s observations in his review, 1997). The analysis of the cases and their documentation from different sources —critical editions and metalinguistic works— enables the conclusion that several of the so-called errors in these manuals are in fact legitimate, historically-documented linguistic variations, although some of them being scarcely testified.
Abstract
This article, embedded in the field of Philology —with an historical approach and a linguistic viewpoint— and in the history of the Spanish language, discusses the acceptability [...]
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Review of Alessandro Martinengo, Al margen de Quevedo. Paisajes naturales. Paisajes textuales, New York, IDEA, 2015, 158 pp. ISBN: 978-1-938795-10-7
J. Escudero

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (1), 1

Abstract
Review of Alessandro Martinengo, Al margen de Quevedo. Paisajes naturales. Paisajes textuales, New York, IDEA, 2015, 158 pp. ISBN: 978-1-938795-10-7
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Pirate Alterity and Mimesis in Colonial Epic Poetry
J. Navascués

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (1), 1

Abstract
Pirate representation is studied in a series of Epic poems in the late sixteenth century and early seventeenth century. The ambiguous image of the English enemy is read in texts by Juan de Miramontes, Pedro de Oña, Martín del Barco Centenera and Juan de Castellanos, among others. On the one hand, Colonial Epic ignores some important differences between privateers and pirates since the privateering had been legally accepted by all European nations, including Spain. Besides, Pirate is always called «Lutheran» and revealing its absolute otherness with respect to the Catholic model. On the other hand, it proposes a laudatory epics enemy painting from the imitation of the values accepted by the colonial society. The relationship between the Spanish hero and the privateer is represented not in a vertical direction, as could happen between colonizer and colonized subject, but on a level of rivalry.
Abstract
Pirate representation is studied in a series of Epic poems in the late sixteenth century and early seventeenth century. The ambiguous image of the English enemy is read in [...]
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The Mystical Suspension
H. Oliva

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (2), 1

Abstract
Mistical suspension, silence, time, absolute, ontology, ineffability, aletheiaIn the mystical ecstasy there is a sensorial and intellectual suspension when contemplating the absolute, the ontological Being. Silence is not only significant: it is revealing. The greatest expression of experience inner silence . The word is insufficient when the ontological reality is revealed. Revelation or truth , the Greek concept of aletheia, takes on greater significance in that transcendental experience. It is also suspended phenomenological time and remains eternity open.
Abstract
Mistical suspension, silence, time, absolute, ontology, ineffability, aletheiaIn the mystical ecstasy there is a sensorial and intellectual suspension when contemplating the [...]
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Santa Teresa Relics: the Letter Preserved in the Convent of the Carmelitas Descalzas of Lima
M. Recoba

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (2), 1

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to present the letter signed by Santa Teresa de Jesús donated by the Bishop of Arequipa, Don Agustín Ugarte and Sarabia, for the foundation of the convent in 1643. This card will enable us to reflect on the role of relics in the Catholic world.
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to present the letter signed by Santa Teresa de Jesús donated by the Bishop of Arequipa, Don Agustín Ugarte and Sarabia, for the foundation [...]
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Political-Philosophical Perspectives about the Notions of Indian, Inca, and Mestizo on the «Comentarios reales de los Incas»
A. Espinosa

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (2), 1

Abstract
This essay posits certain political-philosophical perspectives on the Inca Garcilaso de la Vega’s Primera parte de los Comentarios reales de los Incas (1609). To this purpose we will develop two hermeneutical movements. The first refers to a theoretical and methodological questioning related to the notion of Indian as a discursive construction during colonial times in the Andes area. The second deploys a critical exercise grounded on the interaction between the notions of Indian, Inca, and Mestizo, which is focused on how they build alternative subjectivities. Both movements consolidate an interpretation about the Inca Garcilaso’s political-philosophical reflections, remarking his proposals of a bifurcated modern civilizational project in the New World.
Abstract
This essay posits certain political-philosophical perspectives on the Inca Garcilaso de la Vega’s Primera parte de los Comentarios reales de los Incas (1609). To this purpose [...]
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The Symbol of the Labyrinth in «Las moradas del castillo interior», by santa Teresa de Jesús
I. Morata

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (2), 1

Abstract
The castle of Las moradas, by santa Teresa, has attracted the attention of scholars, who have tried to guess its sources. Also some artists have been interested on it and have made graphical representations. This article analyses the mystical castle of santa Teresa as a labyrinth, a symbol with different meanings, specially in occidental culture. This allegorical building presents some of the most important characteristics of the labyrinths, specifically those ones with a only path: the significance of the centre, the difficulty of the access to it and the transformation of the walker —in this case, the human soul— until the achievement of his goal, the union with God.
Abstract
The castle of Las moradas, by santa Teresa, has attracted the attention of scholars, who have tried to guess its sources. Also some artists have been interested on it and [...]
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Architecture for a Charism: Discalced Carmelites and Designers of the Order in Spain
M. Castilla

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (2), 1

Abstract
The convent architecture of the Teresian Carmel developed over the centuries of the Early Modern Time (XVI-XVIII) was designed by friars of the Order, as brother Alberto de la Madre de Dios (1575-1635) or brother Alonso de San José (1600-1654). They used architectural models following the Carmelite charisma, regulations and purpose of the Order and under the assumptions of poverty, austerity, functionality and economy of means. Convents that were inserted into the existing urban planning of cities, and in some cases they even modified it, as the Discalced Carmelites complex of Pamplona (1640-1672) exemplifies. Buildings that through the distribution of space show the new style of life of Teresa, as the designs drawn in 1767 by brother José de San Juan de la Cruz for the Navarre nunnery of Lesaca reflect.
Abstract
The convent architecture of the Teresian Carmel developed over the centuries of the Early Modern Time (XVI-XVIII) was designed by friars of the Order, as brother Alberto de [...]
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Images and Experiences of Viceroyalties’ Frontiers: Propositions for Re-readings of the Missionary World and Its Times through Explorations Log-books, Edifying Letters and Personal Correspondence
M. Bobić

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (1), 1

Abstract
In this paper we propose a re-reading of three types of texts in which the 17th and 18th century Jesuit missionaries in the New World described their experiences as missionaries as well as explorers, but also their personal views and feelings. We expect that such re-readings of their testimonies of the work and life in the missions would help build a richer and more complex image of the missionary life than that based on the grand narrative.
Abstract
In this paper we propose a re-reading of three types of texts in which the 17th and 18th century Jesuit missionaries in the New World described their experiences as missionaries [...]
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News about Alonso González de Nájera and the Edition of «Desengaño y reparo de la guerra del Reino de Chile» (1614)
M. Rodríguez

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (1), 1

Abstract
This article is a preview to the critical edition and annotated text of Desengaño y reparo de la guerra del reino de Chile (1614), by Alonso González de Nájera. Not only the few known facts about the authorʼs life are reviewed: there is also new biographical information about him and his family, such as his birth certificate, which shows that he was born in Cuenca in 1556. Similarly, some relevant discoveries which respect to the publication of the text are presented. As for the preliminary study that will accompany the edition, its main guidelines are described: the attempt to understand the author and his text in the European context of the Pax Hispánica promoted by Felipe III, as expressed in the «Guerra defensiva»ˮ strategy that it was developed and implemented by the Jesuits in Chileʼs territory; also aims to define the typology of this unclassifiable text, focusing in its «arbitristas»ˮ features, with two important dimensions to be considered: on the one hand, the call to desengaño (it is necessary to unveil the truth about the war against Mapuches); on the other, as it proposes specific solutions, the reparo or remedy dimension (war can be won if appropriate measures are taken).
Abstract
This article is a preview to the critical edition and annotated text of Desengaño y reparo de la guerra del reino de Chile (1614), by Alonso González de Nájera. Not only [...]
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Mysticism, Psychiatry, and Myth: Surveying a Hundred Years of Theresianism in Spain (1861-1963)
V. Ruiz

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (2), 1

Abstract
This selective survey of the studies on Saint Theresa in Spain between 1861 and 1963 focuses on how and why this saint proved so acceptable to non-Catholic quarters, and could even portray values opposite to that tradition. Two main instances: Américo Castro makes it necessary to approach her writings strictly as literary texts. A rejoinder to Francoism by novelist Ramón J. Sender in 1963 makes saint Theresa a concealed opponent of king Philip II and the traditional Spain.
Abstract
This selective survey of the studies on Saint Theresa in Spain between 1861 and 1963 focuses on how and why this saint proved so acceptable to non-Catholic quarters, and could [...]
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Santa Teresa of Jesus as Example for the Novo Hispanic Mystics. The Work of Alonso Ramos about Catarina de San Juan
G. Wobeser

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (2), 1

Abstract
The life and work of Santa Teresa of Jesus had a great influence on the New Spain spiritual atmosphere by enabling a more intimate and direct relationship of women with God and contribute to the proliferation of nuns and beatified. In the Wonders of the Omnipotence and Miracles of the Grace in the life of the Venerable Servant of God Catharina of San Joan, Alonso Ramos writes the biography of Catarina of San Juan, a free slave considered saint, to whom in many passages compares with Santa Teresa. The purpose of Ramos was to create a female life model based on Teresian spirituality and values.
Abstract
The life and work of Santa Teresa of Jesus had a great influence on the New Spain spiritual atmosphere by enabling a more intimate and direct relationship of women with God [...]
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«Obra toda tejida de una admirable variedad de cosas»: the ekphrasis in «El Bernardo» of Balbuena
M. López

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (1), 1

Abstract
The ekphrasis has attracted the recent literary criticism as a key for poetic interpretation. We will check her particular presence in El Bernardo of Balbuena, noted by Frank Pierce, together with La Araucana and La Cristíada, as one of the three great Spanish epic poems. In this baroque poem, the ekphrasis will achieve the greater development in the genre becoming a major articulator of the text. Being a sample of a literary period where the action, the narrative progress, loses relevance in favor to other literary elements, as the descriptive.
Abstract
The ekphrasis has attracted the recent literary criticism as a key for poetic interpretation. We will check her particular presence in El Bernardo of Balbuena, noted by Frank [...]
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Heteroglossia and Discoursive Traditions: the Burlesque Style in Barco Centenera’s Epic Poem Argentina
E. Gambetta

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (1), 1

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to analyze the burlesque style in Martin del Barco Centenera’s epic poem Argentina y conquista del Río de la Plata. In the first place, the notion of «discoursive traditions» is treated to give a wide framing to the text. Then, the concept of heteroglossia is analyzed and commented its use in the poem, regarding the use of anecdotes and three burlesque resources: irony, satire and grotesque. All these features enjoy the poem´s didactic style and intention of the work, becoming a text wich is new somehow to this tradition.
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to analyze the burlesque style in Martin del Barco Centenera’s epic poem Argentina y conquista del Río de la Plata. In the first place, the notion [...]
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Litanic Tradition in Lope de Vega’s Works
M. Zuzankiewicz

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (2), 1

Abstract
At the time of the Counter-Reformation the litanies of the Virgin, of the Holy Name of Jesus and of the Blessed Sacrament play an important role in the liturgical field, but also serve as inspiration for religious poets such as Lope de Vega. In order to determine the influence of these prayers in Lope’s verses we apply in this article two compatible research methods proposed by José Lebrero Fradejas and Witold Sadowski, the «litanic form» and the «litanic verse» respectively, that imply the analysis of their formal structure and content. We also focus on the poet’s deep knowledge of the mariological, christological and eucharistic tradition, that reflect his devotional compositions.
Abstract
At the time of the Counter-Reformation the litanies of the Virgin, of the Holy Name of Jesus and of the Blessed Sacrament play an important role in the liturgical field, but [...]
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Hernán Cortés’ Tears in the Historia verdadera by Bernal Díaz del Castillo
F. Mansilla

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (1), 1

Abstract
This article analyzes the function of Hernán Cortés’ tears in the Historia verdadera by Bernal Díaz del Castillo. Some critics have read Cortés’ weeping as a sign of weakness. Actually, the tears of the hero are a manifestation that links the figure of the conqueror —and by extension the whole text— to the classical epic tradition, as well as to an incipient concept of tragedy.
Abstract
This article analyzes the function of Hernán Cortés’ tears in the Historia verdadera by Bernal Díaz del Castillo. Some critics have read Cortés’ weeping as a sign [...]
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The Hermeneutical Horizon and the Ethnohistoric Value in the Philological Annotation of the «Libro de los ritos» (1579) Written by friar Diego Durán (OP)
P. Montes

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (1), 1

Abstract
The following discussion offers a panorama of the hermeneutical horizon from which the philological annotation apparatus of the Libro de los ritos critical edition was created. The book, written by the Dominican friar Diego Durán in 1579, describes the religious life of the Nahua people with emphasis in the Mexicas or Aztecs of the postclassical period. Also, this work offers some considerations about the ethnohistorical value of the Libro de los ritos and explains how this idea was used as a hypothesis to create the philological annotation apparatus of the critical edition. The value of the analysis of this experience is the contribution that it offers to the discussion between philologists about the proper methodology that must be used for the critical annotation of the Indian chronicles, documents that conserve the memory of the Native American people.
Abstract
The following discussion offers a panorama of the hermeneutical horizon from which the philological annotation apparatus of the Libro de los ritos critical edition was created. [...]
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Narrative Models and Rhetorical Aspects of the Hagiographical Genre in the Historia eclesiástica indiana, by Jerónimo de Mendieta
M. Serna

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (1), 1

Abstract
After an introductory discussion of textual issues of the Historia eclesiástica indiana, the article studies certain rhetorical aspects of this chronicle: the abundant biographies of Franciscan friars who lived and preached in the New World, and the abundant use of miracles, supernatural visions and divine revelations. Mendieta also describes several instances of martyrdom of missionary friars. Finally, Mendieta uses the image of childlike innocence to describe Indians as genus angelicum.
Abstract
After an introductory discussion of textual issues of the Historia eclesiástica indiana, the article studies certain rhetorical aspects of this chronicle: the abundant biographies [...]
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Indigenous women in Spanish American Historic Epic Poetry
L. Segas

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (1), 1

Abstract
Epic poetry has always been considered a masculine genre. The eruption of a group identity, masculine, white, aristocratic and christian, is the result of the representation and the exclusion of the Other, fictitious and singular, but in fact composed of a variety of ethnic groups, origins, sex, genders, religions and different degrees between fiction and historicity. Indeed, in the historical epic poetry which narrated the Conquest, except for the conquistadors listed at length and the indigenous kings and caciques, only few characters are distinguished by a historical individualisation. The Other, Amerindian and female, makes a shy entrance into history, into singularity, into the (historical and christian) truth. It is the case of interpreters: Malinche and India Catalina, only historical native women that appear as part of the narrative plot as well as in the conquest enterprise in the poems of Lasso de la Vega (Cortés valeroso y Mexicana, Mexicana), of Juan de Castellanos (Elegías de varones ilustres de Indias) and of Saavedra Guzmán (El peregrino indiano).
Abstract
Epic poetry has always been considered a masculine genre. The eruption of a group identity, masculine, white, aristocratic and christian, is the result of the representation [...]
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Edition and Traslation of the «Carta a lord Burghley» by Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa
A. Oehrli, J. Zuleta

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (1), 1

Abstract
In the following article we present an unpublished and unknown text of Galician discoverer Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa. The letter, wrote in Latin, was send to Lord Burghley, the first minister of Elizabeth Tudor. Its content links chro-nicles and legends of Spain and Galicia to the genealogy of Sarmiento de Gamboa. Here, we offer the biographical context of the letter, a brief study of the sources, apart from the transcription of the original and the translation of the text into Spanish.
Abstract
In the following article we present an unpublished and unknown text of Galician discoverer Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa. The letter, wrote in Latin, was send to Lord Burghley, [...]
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Lope de Vega and the Meanings of Book Ownership
L. Rouhi

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (1), 1

Abstract
Lope de Vega’s late poem «Ayer vi la librería» appears at first sight to be a laudatory description of King Felipe IV’s personal library. Upon close inspection, and within the broader context of book history in Spain, the poem brings to light a quiet ambivalence about book ownership. This is related at once to Lope’s own disappointments with the Monarchy and the contradictory attitudes to the functions of books in Spain in the XVIIth century.
Abstract
Lope de Vega’s late poem «Ayer vi la librería» appears at first sight to be a laudatory description of King Felipe IV’s personal library. Upon close inspection, and [...]
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Arabic Origin of an Unique Tale in Juan de Robles’ Works
D. Bernal

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (1), 1

Abstract
Despite of the influence of the Arabic literary models and themes they were relegated into the background after the Middle Ages; nevertheless it is possible to trace those elements in the oral and written literature during the Golden Ages. An example of this influence could be the tale wrote by Juan de Robles included in his work entitled Tardes del Alcázar. This article turns on his Arabic origins and shows up his nearest antecedent in the Iberian Peninsula, which is the starting point of our comparative study within the Robles version of the tale.
Abstract
Despite of the influence of the Arabic literary models and themes they were relegated into the background after the Middle Ages; nevertheless it is possible to trace those [...]
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Violence and Versification in «Renegado, rey y mártir» by Cristóbal de Morales
J. Tierno

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (1), 1

Abstract
A current tendency in Spanish Golden Age theatre studies is dramatic segmentation. In this sense, we must emphasize Marc Vitseʼs methodology, which suggests structuring the play according to the versification changes. We are going to put into practice this theory with a work by an unknown playwright: Renegado, rey y mártir by Cristóbal de Morales. We will verify that versification does actually help when dividing and hierarchising the different moments of the play. At Renegado, rey y mártir violence is important due to the fact that it causes the strophic changes and structures the plot.
Abstract
A current tendency in Spanish Golden Age theatre studies is dramatic segmentation. In this sense, we must emphasize Marc Vitseʼs methodology, which suggests structuring the [...]
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Authority and innovation in Luis de Zapata’s Ars poetica translation
I. Cachón

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (1), 1

Abstract
Horace’ Ars poetica experienced up to four different Spanish translations, adaptations and/or scholium in the last decade of the 16th century: Vicente Espinel’s (1591), Luis de Zapata’s (1592), Juan Villén de Viedma’s (1599) and Jaime Juan Falcó’s (1600). Luis de Zapata’s translation, published in Lisbon, tried to be the most faithful to the original Latin version and also it tried to respect, as far as possible, Horace’s main use of language theory. Zapata’s idea on the translation process anticipates some further ideas which did not yet have strong roots in Spain. His translation foreshadows some of them but they did not find too much enthusiasm among his contemporaries. This paper aims to review this largely unknown Horatian translation.
Abstract
Horace’ Ars poetica experienced up to four different Spanish translations, adaptations and/or scholium in the last decade of the 16th century: Vicente Espinel’s (1591), [...]
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The Long History of the «Tesoro de las dos lenguas española y francesa» of César Oudin (ed. princeps: 1607): Between Authority and Innovation
M. Zuili

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (1), 1

Abstract
The purpose of this work is to examine the long history of the Tesoro de las dos lenguas española y francesa by César Oudin, eight editions of which were published between 1607 and 1675. Our research shows that the French hispanist used a considerable number of lexicographical sources, which were earlier authoritative works of reference. These were the dictionaries by Nebrija, Cristóbal de las Casas, Heinrich Hornkens and Jean Palet. However, Oudin enriched these sources to such a point that his Tesoro… became an innovative piece of work which, in its turn, would later become a model for a great many lexicographers such as Lorenzo Franciosini, César-Joachim Trognesius, Arnaldo De la Porte, Nicolas Mez de Braidenbach and Francisco Sobrino. This is the reason why César Oudin’s dictionary can be definitly said to pertain to the authority of tradition while also relating to the power of innovation.
Abstract
The purpose of this work is to examine the long history of the Tesoro de las dos lenguas española y francesa by César Oudin, eight editions of which were published between [...]
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The Letters and Memorials Written by Alonso de Medina: Is It Possible to Speak of a «Sense of the Creole» During the XVIth Century?
I. Reyna

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (1), 1

Abstract
The article suggests that an early «creole identity» can be observed in some of the early colonizers of the Viceroyalty of Peru. Following the argument elaborated by José Antonio Mazzotti regarding the presence of a proto-creole identity that preceded the creoles in the Andean region, and seeing indigenismo , (understanding indigenismo as a «current of opinion favorable to the Indians» as Henri Favre defines the movement) as one of the characteristics of this proto-creole identity , this article tries to find in the letters and memorials written by Alonso de Medina hints of this identity, which can be perceived in the constant preoccupation for the well-being of the indigenous population depicted in his letters and memorials.
Abstract
The article suggests that an early «creole identity» can be observed in some of the early colonizers of the Viceroyalty of Peru. Following the argument elaborated by José [...]
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The Rocky Road to Sainthood: Saint Teresa of Avila (1515-1582) in the Collective Imagination of her Times
R. Rice

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2016). Vol. 4, (2), 1

Abstract
Saint Teresa of Jesus is the most important modern model for feminine religiosity. Nevertheless, in her times, her actions and her persona were under the ecclesiastical hierarchy’s skeptical scrutiny. By means of an analysis of La vida de Santa Teresa de Jesus (1590) by Francisco de Ribera and of one of the many comedies composed for her beatification in 1614, La bienaventurada madre Santa Teresa de Jesús, an apocryphal work by Luis Velez de Guevara, I propose to configure a portrait of the Saint from the point of view of the epoch’s collective imagination. Her configuration in the collective imagination was not always positive.
Abstract
Saint Teresa of Jesus is the most important modern model for feminine religiosity. Nevertheless, in her times, her actions and her persona were under the ecclesiastical hierarchy’s [...]
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PROPOSAL TO STRENGTHEN EDUCATIONAL BUILDING ANCIENT II-MOP TYPE. VENEZUELA
J. Yépez, M. Dikdan, L. Andrade, R. Rojas

Example of a collection (2017).

Abstract
This article presents the study of structural reinforcement for a building of educational use, known as "Old Type II". The school was built before the creation of the Venezuelan SeismoresistantCovenin 1756. The results of the structural analysis showed insufficient responsiveness to service requests, high vulnerability to seismic action and deficiencies in the quantity and distribution of reinforcing steel. For this reason, the reinforcement of the superstructure was proposed by the construction of panel walls, verifying their action on the existing piloting system. For the modeling, the values of resistance of the concrete obtained in the destructive tests made by the materials laboratory of the School of Civil Engineering of the Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado and the soil parameters from the geotechnical study were used.
Abstract
This article presents the study of structural reinforcement for a building of educational use, known as "Old Type II". The school was built before the creation of the Venezuelan [...]
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IMPLEMENTATION OF VIRTUAL CONSTRUCTION TO IMPROVE THE PLANNING OF WORKS. USE OF 4D MODEL IN URBANISM LOCATED IN VALENCIA, VENEZUELA
Z. Giménez, R. Gutiérrez, G. Hernández

Example of a collection (2017).

Abstract
The construction industry is considered as one of the industries with lower yields, frequent delays and reprogramming. Due to this and to avoid losses of time, costs and inconveniences in the execution, the virtual construction is used, that allows to analyze previously the constructive sequences and the possible interferences between the different activities through a real time scenary according to the programmed schedule . This article shows the implementation of BIM technology in a modular housing development in Venezuela. Four 4D simulations were carried out, two initially due to the original planning and its timely improvement, and two subsequent corresponding to reprogramming due to actual delays in execution due to lack of concrete supply. The main results were: problems of programming logic, interferences between activities, unreal sequences, among others in the first models. As for the models of the reprogramming gave resulting times very similar to reality; This means that the models work both in ideal situations and in situations of uncertainty. Building information modeling solutions introduce a new way of working, based on the creation and use of coherent and coordinated information, wich allows for faster decision making, better documentation and the possibility of predicting the drawbacks Even before the work began.
Abstract
The construction industry is considered as one of the industries with lower yields, frequent delays and reprogramming. Due to this and to avoid losses of time, costs and inconveniences [...]
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Stochastic Optimization of IACC Yacht Performance test2
T. Testeando

Test journal (2016).
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A review of benthic fauna biodiversity in Georgia
B. Japoshvili, M. Bozhadze, M. Gioshvili

Journal of Marine Engineering (2016). Vol. 18, (1)

Abstract
The paper summarizes information on diversity of benthic fauna of Georgia based on the literature sources. 126 publications were analyzed published after 1899. Our investigation showed that 15 lotic and 20 lentic ecosystems were studied out of which 21 (5 rivers and 16 lakes) belongs to the Caspian Sea basin and 14 (10 rivers and 4 lakes) to the Black Sea basin. As a result, 206 benthic animal taxa were described. From the described groups 81 are identified to the species level, 61 to the genus level, 28 to the family level, 16 to the order level, 10 to the class level, 10 to the phylum level. Since the most of observed freshwater systems are poorly studied, Paravani and Saghamo Lakes, Tsalka and Tbilisi Reservoirs and Kura (Mtkvari) and Rioni Rivers are rather well investigated. Our meta-analyses clearly show that in overall freshwater biodiversity of Georgia are significantly understudied.
Abstract
The paper summarizes information on diversity of benthic fauna of Georgia based on the literature sources. 126 publications were analyzed published after 1899. Our investigation [...]
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Unified Lagrangian formulation for fluid and solid mechanics, fluid-structure interaction and coupled thermal problems using the PFEM
E. Gotlieb

Vican Journal Collection 2 (2011).

Abstract
toc El objectivo de la presente tesis es la derivación e implementación de una formulación unificada con elementos finitos para la solución de problemas de mecánica de fluidos y de sólidos, interacción fluido-estructura (''Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI)'') y con acoplamiento térmico. El método unificado está basado en una formulación Lagrangiana estabilizada y las variables incçognitas son las velocidades y la presión. Cada paso de tiempo se soluciona a través de un esquema de dos pasos de tipo Gauss-Seidel. Primero se resuelven las ecuaciones de momento lineal por los incrementos de velocidad, luego se calculan las presiones en la configuración actualizada usando la ecuación de continuidad. Para los dominios fluidos se utiliza el método de elementos finitos de partículas (''Particle Finite Element Method (PFEM)'') mientras que los sólidos se solucionan con el método de elementos finitos (''Finite Element Method (FEM)''). Por lo tanto, se ramalla sólo las partes del dominio ocupadas por el fluido. Los campos de velocidad y presión se interpolan con funciones de forma lineales. Para poder analizar materiales incompresibles, la formulación ha sido estabilizada con una nueva versión del método ''Finite Calculus (FIC)''. La técnica de estabilización ha sido derivada para fluidos Newtonianos casi-incompresibles. En este trabajo, la estabilización con FIC se usa también para el análisis de sólidos hipoelásticos casi-incompresibles. En la tesis se dedica particular atención al estudio de flujo con superficie libre. En particular, se analiza en profundidad el tema de las pérdidas de masa y se muestra con varios ejemplos numéricos la capacidad del método de garantizar la conservación de masa en problemas de flujos en superficie libre. Además se estudia con detalle el condicionamiento del esquema numérico analizando particularmente el efecto del módulo de compresibilidad. Se presenta también una estrategia basada en el uso de un pseudo módulo de compresibilidad para mejorar el condicionamiento del problema. La formulación unificada ha sido validada comparando sus resultados numéricos con pruebas de laboratorio y resultados numéricos de otras formulaciones. En la mayoría de los ejemplos también se ha estudiado la convergencia del método. En la tesis también se describe una estrategia segregada para el acoplamiento de la formulación unificada con el problema de transmisión de calor. Además se presenta una simple estrategia para simular el cambio de fase. El esquema acoplado ha sido utilizado para resolver varios problemas de FSI donde se incluye la temperatura y su efecto. El esquema acoplado con el problema térmico ha sido utilizado con éxito para resolver un problema industrial. El objetivo del estudio era la simulación del daño y la fusión de la vasija de un reactor nuclear provocados por el contacto con un fluido altamente viscoso y a gran temperatura. En la tesis se describe con detalle el estudio numérico realizado para esta aplicación industrial.
Abstract
toc El objectivo de la presente tesis es la derivación e implementación de una formulación unificada con elementos finitos para la solución de [...]
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The secondary metabolite bioinformatics portal: Computational tools to facilitate synthetic biology of secondary metabolite production
T. Weber, H. Kim

Collection of Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology (2016).

Abstract
Natural products are among the most important sources of lead molecules for drug discovery. With the development of affordable whole-genome sequencing technologies and other ‘omics tools, the field of natural products research is currently undergoing a shift in paradigms. While, for decades, mainly analytical and chemical methods gave access to this group of compounds, nowadays genomics-based methods offer complementary approaches to find, identify and characterize such molecules. This paradigm shift also resulted in a high demand for computational tools to assist researchers in their daily work. In this context, this review gives a summary of tools and databases that currently are available to mine, identify and characterize natural product biosynthesis pathways and their producers based on ‘omics data. A web portal called Secondary Metabolite Bioinformatics Portal (SMBP at http://www.secondarymetabolites.org) is introduced to provide a one-stop catalog and links to these bioinformatics resources. In addition, an outlook is presented how the existing tools and those to be developed will influence synthetic biology approaches in the natural products field.
Abstract
Natural products are among the most important sources of lead molecules for drug discovery. With the development of affordable whole-genome sequencing technologies and other [...]
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Introduction to the Special Issue “Bioinformatic tools and approaches for Synthetic Biology of natural products”
T. Weber

Collection of Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology (2016).
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MiR-367 negatively regulates apoptosis induced by adriamycin in osteosarcoma cells by targeting KLF4
G. Wang, Q. He, D. Tong, C. Wang, K. Liu, C. Ding, F. Ji, H. Zhang

Journal of Bone Oncology (2016).

Abstract
Diverse functions of microRNAs have been investigated in tumorigenesis in osteosarcoma (OS), involving the regulation of proliferation, invasion, migration, apoptosis and drug resistance. MiR-367 was found to be an oncogene and increased in OS. However, the function of miR-367 in drug resistance in OS cells is still unknown. In this study, we found that miR-367 was up-regulated in OS tissues and OS cell cultures. Meanwhile, treatment with adriamycin (ADR) induced apoptosis of OS cells with upregulation of miR-367. Notably, KLF4 was demonstrated to be a direct target of miR-367 by gene reporter assay, and miR-367 significantly blocked both mRNA and protein level of KLF4. In addition, overexpression of miR-367 markedly suppressed the increase of KLF4 induced by ADR in OS cells, as well as Bax and cleaved caspase-3, which were significantly reversed by anti-miR-367 transfection. Taken together, our data demonstrates that miR-367 and KLF4 play important roles in OS treatment and ADR resistance, suggesting that miR-367 is a potential biomarker of chemotherapy resistance in OS and also probably a novel therapeutic target against OS.
Abstract
Diverse functions of microRNAs have been investigated in tumorigenesis in osteosarcoma (OS), involving the regulation of proliferation, invasion, migration, apoptosis and [...]
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Age-related differences in persistence with bisphosphonates in women with metastatic breast cancer
L. Jacob, P. Hadji, K. Kostev

Journal of Bone Oncology (2016).

Abstract
To investigate age-related persistence with bisphosphonates (BIS) in women with breast cancer (BC) and bone metastases. We included a dataset of 1541 patients diagnosed with BC and bone metastases and initially treated with BIS between 1994 and 2013. The primary outcome measure was the age-related rate of BIS discontinuation within 12 months after treatment initiation. Therapy discontinuation was defined as a period of at least 90 days without treatment. A multivariate Cox regression model was created to determine the influence of age on the risk of discontinuation. Health insurance coverage (private/statutory), type of care (gynecological/general), region (West/East Germany), depression, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, pain medication, antidepressants, and the number of co-medications were included as covariates. The mean ages in the group of women
Abstract
To investigate age-related persistence with bisphosphonates (BIS) in women with breast cancer (BC) and bone metastases. We included a dataset of 1541 patients diagnosed with [...]
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Future directions for bone metastasis research – highlights from the 2015 bone and the Oncologist new updates conference (BONUS)
R. Fernandes, P. Siegel, S. Komarova, J. Hilton, C. Addison, M. Ibrahim, J. Werier, K. Dennis, G. Singh, E. Amir, V. Jarvis, U. Emmenegger, S. Mazzarello, M. Clemons

Journal of Bone Oncology (2016).

Abstract
In an era of reduced peer-reviewed grant funding, performing academic bone oncology-related research has become increasingly challenging. Over the last 10 years we have held an annual meeting to bring together clinicians, clinician/scientists and basic biomedical researchers interested in the effects of cancer and its treatment on skeletal tissues. In the past these “Bone and the Oncologist New Updates Conference (BONUS)” meetings have served as critical catalyst for initiating productive research collaborations between attendees. The 2015 BONUS meeting format focused on potential key research themes that could form the basis of a coordinated national research strategy to tackle unmet clinical and research needs related to complications associated with cancer metastasis to bone. The three themes planned for discussion were: Is bone metastases-related pain the main issue facing patients? Are there new therapeutic targets for patients with bone metastases? How do we more firmly link basic science with clinical practice? We present a summary of lectures and commentaries from the attendees to serve as an example that other similarly motivated groups can model and share their experiences. It is our hope that these presentations will result in comments, feedback and suggestions from all those researchers interested in this important area.
Abstract
In an era of reduced peer-reviewed grant funding, performing academic bone oncology-related research has become increasingly challenging. Over the last 10 years we have held [...]
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Hypoxia-induced autophagy as an additional mechanism in human osteosarcoma radioresistance
H. Feng, J. Wang, W. Chen, B. Shan, Y. Guo, J. Xu, L. Wang, P. Guo, Y. Zhang

Journal of Bone Oncology (2016).

Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) responds poorly to radiotherapy, but the mechanism is unclear. We found OS tumor tissues expressed high level of protein HIF-1α, a common biological marker indicative of hypoxia. It is known that hypoxic cells are generally radioresistant because of reduced production of irradiation-induced DNA-damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the anaerobic condition. Here we report another mechanism how hypoxia induces radioresistance. In MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells, hypoxic pretreatment increased the cellular survival in irradiation. These hypoxia-exposed cells displayed compartmental recruitment of GFP-tagged LC3 and expression of protein LC3-II, and restored the radiosensitivity upon autophagy inhibition. The following immunohistochemistry of OS tumor tissue sections revealed upregulated LC3 expression in a correlation with HIF-1α protein level, implying the possibly causative link between hypoxia and autophagy. Further studies in MG-63 cells demonstrated hypoxic pretreatment reduced cellular and mitochondrial ROS production during irradiation, while inhibition of autophagy re-elicited them. Taken together, our study suggests hypoxia can confer cells resistance to irradiation through activated autophagy to accelerate the clearance of cellular ROS products. This might exist in human osteosarcoma as an additional mechanism for radioresistance.
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) responds poorly to radiotherapy, but the mechanism is unclear. We found OS tumor tissues expressed high level of protein HIF-1α, a common biological marker [...]
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miRNA-223 is a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker for osteosarcoma
J. Dong, Y. Liu, W. Liao, R. Liu, P. Shi, L. Wang

Journal of Bone Oncology (2016).

Abstract
MicroRNA-223 (miR-223) has been shown to be a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker for several cancers. In addition, miR-223 has been reported to suppress osteosarcoma cell proliferation in vitro. However, the clinical value of miR-223 is still unknown. We detected the expression of miR-223 expression in the serum of osteosarcoma patients and in osteosarcoma cancer cells using RT-PCR. We compared the serum expression of miR-223 with the clinicopathological characteristics and survival of osteosarcoma patients. Finally, we explored the role of miR-223 on the invasion of osteosarcoma cancer cells using cell migration and invasion assays. We observed that the expression of miR-223 was significantly decreased in the serum of osteosarcoma patients and osteosarcoma cancer cells compared to healthy controls (P
Abstract
MicroRNA-223 (miR-223) has been shown to be a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker for several cancers. In addition, miR-223 has been reported to suppress osteosarcoma [...]
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Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy in patients with Barretts oesophagus
Y. Aguilar

Endoscopia (2016).
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Endoscopic treatment of biliopancreatic diseases in children. Analysis of 31 patients
R. Quintanilla, J. Torres, J. Contreras, J. Hernández, N. Contino, S. Poyato, R. Martínez

Endoscopia (2016).

Abstract
An observational, descriptive study of the records of 53 endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) performed on 31 patients of paediatric age with suspected biliopancreatic disorders at the National Center for Minimal Access Surgery was performed over a period of 2 years and 7 months, from 11 February 2013 to 28 July 2015. Of the total, 8 patients (27%) were male, and 22 (73%) female; 14 (26%) were diagnostic and 39 (74%) therapeutic. The primary indication was to study pain with elevated enzymes in 27 (50%), and the main diagnosis was postoperative benign common bile duct-anastomosis stricture in 14 patients (26%), followed by 10 normal ERCP (19%). The intervention used was endoscopic sphincterotomy (16) for placement of prosthesis (7), followed in frequency by stone extraction (6). There were complications in 2 cases, one (2%) in 21 therapeutic procedures, and one (2%) at diagnosis. Mortality was zero. Our results show the high diagnostic usefulness and therapeutic success of ERCP with minimal risk and complications in paediatric patients.
Abstract
An observational, descriptive study of the records of 53 endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) performed on 31 patients of paediatric age with suspected biliopancreatic [...]
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Validation of Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity for Mexican Population
S. Polanco, L. González

Endoscopia (2016).

Abstract
Endoscopy is an extremely valuable instrument to evaluate the effectiveness of new treatments for patients with ulcerative colitis; however it is necessary to validate the current endoscopic classifications to facilitate meaningful comparisons between them. The Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity (UCEIS) recommended by European Crohns and Colitis Organisation uses 3 parameters (vascular, bleeding, and ulceration), each with 3-4 levels of severity. However, it has not been validated for the Mexican population. In addition to the colonoscopic features, the establishment of disease activity by histology is performed routinely. The Riley scale shows mainly the density and distribution of neutrophils in mucosal defects. To determine whether there is a correlation between the UCEIS endoscopic classification and the Riley histological classification, and validate their usefulness in the Mexican population. A retrospective, cross-sectional, open study was conducted from January 2012 to December 2014 in the Centro Medico Nacional 20 de Noviembre on patients with a diagnosis of ulcerative colitis sent to the hospital Endoscopy Department. Endoscopic UCEIS and histological Riley classifications were determined and compared using the SPSS program for statistical analysis. A total of 63 cases were included, of whom 33 were male (52%) and 30 (48%) female, with mean age of 50 years (23-78 years). The Spearman correlation coefficient was 89.8%, with a confidence interval of 83.7%-93.7% (P
Abstract
Endoscopy is an extremely valuable instrument to evaluate the effectiveness of new treatments for patients with ulcerative colitis; however it is necessary to validate the [...]
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Autoimmune pancreatitis. The endoscopist role
A. Molinar, E. Pérez

Endoscopia (2016).

Abstract
Autoimmune pancreatitis is a rare chronic form of inflammatory pancreatic disease. There is no specific test for its diagnosis, which is based on the combination of clinical, serological, radiological, morphological, and histopathological changes. Endoscopy is one of the most useful tools for its evaluation. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and endoscopic ultrasound can be used to obtain tissue for diagnosis and evaluate steroid treatment response. In this article, a clinical case is presented. General aspects of autoimmune pancreatitis and the role of endoscopists in its diagnosis and treatment are discussed.
Abstract
Autoimmune pancreatitis is a rare chronic form of inflammatory pancreatic disease. There is no specific test for its diagnosis, which is based on the combination of clinical, [...]
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Endoscopy around the world
F. Ávila

Endoscopia (2016).
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Endoscopic cyanoacrylate injection for primary and secondary prophylaxis of gastric varices in children
P. Espinosa-Rosas, G. Gómez-Navarro, R. Castañeda-Ortíz, R. Rodríguez-Izaguirre, E. Almanza-Miranda

Endoscopia (2016).

Abstract
Digestive tract bleeding is the most frequent cause for emergency upper endoscopy in paediatrics. In patients with portal hypertension bleeding is caused by oesophageal or gastric varices. Bleeding secondary to gastric varices has a low incidence, but it is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The treatment of choice for these varices is with N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate injection, a tissue adhesive frequently used in adults for primary and secondary prophylaxis. To evaluate the safety and efficacy of cyanoacrylate use in primary and secondary prophylaxis of gastric varices in children in a third-level hospital, and its effect on oesophageal varices. A case series that included 12 paediatric patients with portal hypertension and gastric varices that were treated with cyanoacrylate from January 2011 to February 2016. The study included 4 girls and 8 boys, with a mean age of 7 years old. Cyanoacrylate was used in 3 patients as primary prophylaxis for gastric varices, and as secondary prophylaxis for the rest. Gastric varices eradication was reported in 66.7% of patients, with 75% of those after only one injection. There were no episodes of bleeding or re-bleeding, or major complications. Cyanoacrylate use in primary and secondary prophylaxis of gastric varices in children was shown to be both safe and effective.
Abstract
Digestive tract bleeding is the most frequent cause for emergency upper endoscopy in paediatrics. In patients with portal hypertension bleeding is caused by oesophageal or [...]
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In this issue
E. Pérez

Endoscopia (2016).
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Usefulness of endoscopic ultrasound in the evaluation of patients with pancreato-biliary dilation of undetermined cause
G. Duarte-Medrano, F. Téllez-Ávila

Endoscopia (2016).

Abstract
Evaluation methods for asymptomatic patients with evidence of dilatation of the main bile duct, pancreatic duct, or both ducts simultaneously are currently not well established. There are no guidelines, at present, to direct us on what is the best choice for the correct assessment of this group of patients. Endoscopic ultrasound has demonstrated outstanding performance in addressing the pancreatobiliary, mainly malignant, disease. This review article presents current evidence on the diagnostic performance of endoscopic ultrasound in asymptomatic patients with signs of dilation of the main bile duct, the main pancreatic duct, or both, in different imaging studies.
Abstract
Evaluation methods for asymptomatic patients with evidence of dilatation of the main bile duct, pancreatic duct, or both ducts simultaneously are currently not well established. [...]
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Preconceptional exposure to oral contraceptive pills and the risk of wheeze, asthma and rhinitis in children
K. Yamamoto-Hanada, M. Futamura, L. Yang, T. Shoda, M. Narita, F. Kobayashi, H. Saito, Y. Ohya

Allergology International (2016).

Abstract
The prevalence of maternal oral contraceptive pills (OCP) use and that of childhood asthma are high in western countries. The aim of this study is to examine the association of OCP use with childhood wheeze and allergic diseases in Japan. Relevant data were extracted from a hospital based birth cohort study named as Tokyo-Childrens Health, Illness and Development Study (T-CHILD) of which questionnaire conducted during pregnancy included maternal history and duration of OCP use. To identify wheeze and allergic diseases in the children, the questionnaire of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) was used. Logistic regression models were applied to estimate those association and adjustments were made for maternal history of allergy, maternal education level, maternal age at pregnancy, maternal BMI, maternal smoking during pregnancy, mode of delivery, gestational age at delivery, daycare attendance, number of previous live births, and gender of child. OCP use was associated with ever wheeze (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10–2.40), current wheeze (aOR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.01–2.50), ever asthma (aOR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.02–2.65), and ever rhinitis (aOR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.30–2.80). Compared with no prior OCP use, using OCP for more than three months statistically increased the odds of ever wheeze (P = 0.012), current wheeze (P = 0.035), and ever rhinitis (P = 0.002). Our findings suggest that maternal OCP use has a role in the development of wheeze, asthma and rhinitis in children. Extended use of OCP is likely to increase the risk of wheeze and rhinitis.
Abstract
The prevalence of maternal oral contraceptive pills (OCP) use and that of childhood asthma are high in western countries. The aim of this study is to examine the association [...]
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Photodistributed telangiectasia following use of escitalopram
M. Vaccaro, G. Calapai, F. Guarneri, C. Mannucci, M. Lentini, S. Cannavò

Allergology International (2016).
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Drug eruption due to entecavir: A case report and mini-review
M. Taura, J. Asai, Z. Cho, M. Wada, N. Katoh

Allergology International (2016).
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Increase in autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis after the 2011 Fukushima disaster
Y. Tanino, K. Misa, N. Fukuhara, T. Nikaido, S. Sato, A. Fukuhara, M. Uematsu, K. Hirai, H. Minemura, H. Yokouchi, K. Kanazawa, M. Munakata

Allergology International (2016).
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A case of black garlic-induced pneumonia as an adverse reaction
Y. Suzuki, J. Saito, K. Misa, N. Fukuhara, A. Fukuhara, M. Munakata

Allergology International (2016).
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Right middle lobe atelectasis in children with asthma and prognostic factors
O. Soyer, C. Ozen, O. Cavkaytar, C. Senyücel, Y. Dallar

Allergology International (2016).

Abstract
Although right middle lobe (RML)-atelectasis of the lungs is a common complication of asthma, the relevant data is limited. The aim of this study is to define the characteristics of RML atelectasis in asthma during childhood. Children with asthma who had recently developed RML atelectasis were included; anti-inflammatory medications, clarithromycin, and inhaled salbutamol were prescribed, chest-physiotherapy (starting on the sixth day) was applied. Patients were reevaluated on the sixth, fourteenth, thirtieth, and ninetieth days, chest X-rays were taken if the atelectasis had not resolved at the time of the previous visit. Twenty-seven patients (6.8 (4.8–8.3) years, 48.1% male) with RML atelectasis were included. Symptoms started 15 (7–30) days before admission. The thickness of the atelectasis was 11.8 ± 5.8 mm; FEV1% was 75.9 ± 14.2 and Childhood Asthma Control Test scores were 11.8 ± 5.6 at the time of admission. The atelectasis had been resolved by the sixth (n = 3), fourteenth (n = 9), thirtieth (n = 10), and ninetieth days (n = 3). The treatment response of the patients whose atelectasis resolved in fourteen days was better on the sixth-day (atelectasis thickness: 4.7 ± 1.7 vs. 11.9 ± 7.3 mm, p = 0.021) compared to those whose atelectasis resolved later. Nearly half (54.5%) of the patients whose atelectasis had resolved by fourteen days were using controller medications at the time of admission. However, only two patients (13.3%) were on controller treatment in the latter group (p = 0.032). Regression analysis didn't reveal any prognostic factors for the early resolution of atelectasis. Early diagnosis and treatment of RML atelectasis prevents complications. Patients who had early resolution of atelectasis had already been on anti-inflammatory medications, and responded better to aggressive treatment within the first week.
Abstract
Although right middle lobe (RML)-atelectasis of the lungs is a common complication of asthma, the relevant data is limited. The aim of this study is to define the characteristics [...]
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Exhaled nitric oxide and inducible nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphism in Japanese asthmatics
S. Sato, X. Wang, J. Saito, A. Fukuhara, M. Uematsu, Y. Suzuki, Y. Sato, K. Misa, T. Nikaido, N. Fukuhara, Y. Tanino, M. Munakata

Allergology International (2016).

Abstract
Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) induced by inflammatory cytokines and iNOS activity in bronchial epithelial cells is a major determinant of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of iNOS promoter gene polymorphisms and FeNO levels in Japanese asthmatics before the introduction of asthma treatment. Asthmatics were recruited from Fukushima Medical University Hospital. Genotyping of the pentanucleotide repeat (CCTTT)n and seven previously detected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the iNOS promoter lesion was performed. The relationships between the genotypes and FeNO levels before the introduction of asthma treatment were compared. In 91 asthmatics, the number of microsatellite repeats ranged from 9 to 20 and showed a bimodal distribution. According to this distribution, asthmatics were divided into two groups: genotypes with at least one long allele with more than 14 repeats (L/s or L/L) and genotypes with both short alleles with 14 or fewer repeats (s/s). No significant differences were observed in each parameter between the two groups. The mean FeNO level before treatment was significantly higher in the L/s or L/L subjects than in the s/s subjects. After treatment, the lowest FeNO level did not differ between the two groups. Three SNPs detected in the Japanese subjects were not associated with FeNO levels. The number of CCTTT repeats in the iNOS promoter region was associated with FeNO levels in asthmatics before treatment, suggesting the importance of iNOS genotype in the clinical application of FeNO for asthmatics.
Abstract
Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) induced by inflammatory cytokines and iNOS activity in bronchial epithelial cells is a major determinant of fractional exhaled nitric [...]
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Accidental usage of an adrenaline auto-injector in Japanese children with a food allergy
K. Sasaki, T. Nakagawa, S. Sugiura, N. Kando, K. Ito

Allergology International (2016).
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Eosinophil chemotaxis assay in nasal polyps by using a novel optical device EZ-TAXIScan: Role of CC-chemokine receptor 3
H. Saito, K. Honda, C. Asaka, S. Ueki, K. Ishikawa

Allergology International (2016).

Abstract
The chemokine receptor, CC-chemokine receptor 3 (CCR3), and its major ligands, eotaxin, RANTES, and MCP-4, are involved in eosinophil chemotaxis. It is thought that CCR3 plays an important role in the recruitment and activation of eosinophils in nasal polyposis. We examined nasal polyp extract-induced eosinophil chemotaxis and the effect of a CCR3 antagonist using EZ-TAXIScan, a novel real-time chemotaxis assay device. Nasal polyps were obtained from chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients during surgery. The polyps were homogenized and eotaxin levels in the extracts were measured. Eosinophils were purified from human peripheral blood by the CD16 negative selection method. Nasal polyp extract-induced eosinophil chemotaxis, with or without CCR3 antagonist, was assessed by EZ-TAXIScan. There was a significant positive correlation between the eosinophil counts in nasal polyp and eotaxin levels in the nasal polyp extracts. Using EZ-TAXIScan, eosinophil chemotactic responses were observed following stimulation with nasal polyp extracts. There was a significant positive correlation between the chemotactic index toward the nasal polyp extracts and their eotaxin levels. Nasal polyp extract-induced chemotaxis was completely inhibited by CCR3 antagonist but not by chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on Th2 cells (CRTH2) antagonist which inhibited PGD2-induced eosinophil chemotaxis. The CCR3 pathway may play an important role in the pathogenesis of eosinophil recruitment in nasal polyps through selective eosinophil chemotaxis.
Abstract
The chemokine receptor, CC-chemokine receptor 3 (CCR3), and its major ligands, eotaxin, RANTES, and MCP-4, are involved in eosinophil chemotaxis. It is thought that CCR3 plays [...]
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Effect of intranasal corticosteroid on pre-onset activation of eosinophils and mast cells in experimental Japanese cedar pollinosis
Y. Noyama, M. Okano, T. Fujiwara, S. Kariya, S. Makihara, T. Haruna, K. Kanai, T. Higaki, K. Nishizaki

Allergology International (2016).

Abstract
Minimal persistent inflammation (MPI) contributes to hyperreactivity in allergic rhinitis. However, little is known regarding whether pre-onset activation of eosinophils and mast cells is present or not in Japanese cedar pollinosis (JCP). Furthermore, a prophylactic effect of intranasal corticosteroids on such MPI in JCP has not been investigated. We designed a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. Twenty patients with JCP were examined outside the pollen season (UMIN000008410). Nasal provocation with paper discs containing extracts of Japanese cedar pollen was performed once a day for 3 consecutive days. Onset of nasal symptoms was monitored over 15 min after each provocation. The levels of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and tryptase in nasal secretions were examined. Fluticasone furoate nasal spray or placebo treatment was started one day before the first provocation. In the placebo group, 25% of the patients showed onset of nasal symptoms following provocation on the first day. In addition, 75% and 68% of the patients showed symptom onset on the second and third day of provocation, respectively. After the first provocation, the levels of ECP and tryptase in nasal secretions were significantly increased. These increases were seen not only in symptomatic but also in asymptomatic subjects in response to provocation, and the levels were similar between these subjects. Prophylactic treatment with fluticasone significantly suppressed the increase in nasal ECP and tryptase associated with repeated provocations. These results suggest that pre-onset activation of eosinophils and mast cells is present in experimental JCP, and that prophylactic treatment with intranasal corticosteroids has the potential to control such activation.
Abstract
Minimal persistent inflammation (MPI) contributes to hyperreactivity in allergic rhinitis. However, little is known regarding whether pre-onset activation of eosinophils and [...]
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Anaphylaxis caused by casein used in artificially marbled beef: A case report
S. Narabayashi, I. Okafuji, Y. Tanaka, S. Tsuruta, N. Takamatsu

Allergology International (2016).
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Cross-reactivity between major IgE core epitopes on Cry j 2 allergen of Japanese cedar pollen and relevant sequences on Cha o 2 allergen of Japanese cypress pollen
K. Miyaji, N. Okamoto, A. Saito, H. Yasueda, Y. Takase, H. Shimakura, S. Saito, M. Sakaguchi

Allergology International (2016).

Abstract
Cry j 2 and Cha o 2 are major allergens in Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica; CJ) and Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa; CO) pollen, respectively. Here, we assessed the epitopes related to the cross-reactivity between Cry j 2 and Cha o 2 using in vitro analyses. Peptides were synthesized based on Cry j 2 sequential epitopes and relevant Cha o 2 amino acid sequences. Four representative monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against Cry j 2 were used according to their epitope recognitions. Serum samples were collected from 31 patients with CJ pollinosis. To investigate cross-reactivity between Cry j 2 and Cha o 2, ELISA and inhibition ELISA were performed with mAbs and sera from patients with CJ pollinosis. Two of four mAbs had reactivity to both Cry j 2 and Cha o 2. Of these two mAbs, one mAb (T27) recognized the amino acid sequence 169KVVNGRTV176 on Cha o 2. This is related to the core epitope 169KWVNGREI176 on Cry j 2, which is an important IgE epitope. In addition, we found that these correlative sequences and purified allergens showed cross-reactivity between Cry j 2 and Cha o 2 in IgE of CJ patients. We demonstrated the importance of 169KVVNGRTV176 in Cha o 2 for cross-reactivity with the Cry j 2 epitope 169KWVNGREI176, which plays an important role in allergenicity in CJ pollinosis. Our results are useful for the development of safer and more efficient therapeutic strategies for the treatment of CJ and CO pollen allergies.
Abstract
Cry j 2 and Cha o 2 are major allergens in Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica; CJ) and Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa; CO) pollen, respectively. Here, we assessed [...]
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Filaggrin exists in human nose
M. Miwa, S. Hasan, M. Miwa, K. Okubo

Allergology International (2016).
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Persistently high exhaled nitric oxide and loss of lung function in controlled asthma
K. Matsunaga, T. Hirano, A. Oka, K. Ito, N. Edakuni

Allergology International (2016).

Abstract
It remains unclear whether a persistently high exhaled nitric oxide fraction (FeNO) in patients with controlled asthma is associated with the progressive loss of lung function. This was a 3-year prospective study. We examined the changes in pre- and post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and FeNO in 140 patients with controlled asthma. We initially determined the FeNO cut-off point for identifying patients with a rapid decline in FEV1 (>40 mL/yr). Next, a total of 122 patients who maintained high or non-high FeNO were selected, and the associations between the FeNO trend and changes in FEV1 and bronchodilator response (BDR) were investigated. A FeNO level >40.3 ppb yielded 43% sensitivity and 86% specificity for identifying patients with a rapid decline in FEV1. Patients with persistently high FeNO had higher rates of decline in FEV1 (42.7 ± 37.5 mL/yr) than patients with non-high FeNO (16.7 ± 31.5 mL/yr) (p
Abstract
It remains unclear whether a persistently high exhaled nitric oxide fraction (FeNO) in patients with controlled asthma is associated with the progressive loss of lung function. [...]
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Reactive airways dysfunction syndrome after hydrofluoric acid inhalation
T. Lee, H. Yoo, S. Bae, M. Kim, G. Kim, A. Jang

Allergology International (2016).
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In vivo imaging in autoimmune diseases in the central nervous system
N. Kawakami

Allergology International (2016).

Abstract
Intravital imaging is becoming more popular and is being used to visualize cellular motility and functions. In contrast to in vitro analysis, which resembles in vivo analysis, intravital imaging can be used to observe and analyze cells directly in vivo. In this review, I will summarize recent imaging studies of autoreactive T cell infiltration into the central nervous system (CNS) and provide technical background. During their in vivo journey, autoreactive T cells interact with many different cells. At first, autoreactive T cells interact with endothelial cells in the airways of the lung or with splenocytes, where they acquire a migratory phenotype to infiltrate into the CNS. After arriving at the CNS, they interact with endothelial cells of the leptomeningeal vessels or the choroid plexus before passing through the blood–brain barrier. CNS-infiltrating T cells become activated by recognizing endogenous autoantigens presented by local antigen-presenting cells (APCs). This activation was visualized in vivo by using protein-based sensors. One such sensor detects changes in intracellular calcium concentration as an early marker of T cell activation. Another sensor detects translocation of Nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) from cytosol to nucleus as a definitive sign of T cell activation. Importantly, intravital imaging is not just used to visualize cellular behavior. Together with precise analysis, intravital imaging deepens our knowledge of cellular functions in living organs and also provides a platform for developing therapeutic treatments.
Abstract
Intravital imaging is becoming more popular and is being used to visualize cellular motility and functions. In contrast to in vitro analysis, which resembles in vivo analysis, [...]
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Gastroesophageal dysmotility is associated with the impairment of cough-specific quality of life in patients with cough variant asthma
Y. Kanemitsu, A. Niimi, H. Matsumoto, T. Iwata, I. Ito, T. Oguma, H. Inoue, T. Tajiri, T. Nagasaki, Y. Izuhara, G. Petrova, S. Birring, M. Mishima

Allergology International (2016).

Abstract
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is known as a common comorbidity of asthma and chronic cough. The impact of GERD symptoms on cough-specific quality of life (QoL) in patients with asthmatic cough is poorly understood. The aim of this study is to determine the association of GERD symptoms with cough-specific quality of life in patients with cough variant asthma (CVA) using the Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ). A total of 172 consecutive patients (121 females) with mean cough duration of 45.1 months (range 2–480 months) completed the Japanese version of the LCQ. The Frequency Scale for the Symptoms of Gastroesophageal reflux was administered to assess symptoms of acid-reflux and dysmotility. A range of clinical variables that may determine cough-specific QoL (LCQ) were estimated. The mean LCQ scores was 12.9 (SD 3.5), consistent with severe impairment in QoL. Female gender, symptoms of gastroesophageal dysmotility, sensitization to allergens (house dust and Japanese cedar pollen) and the number of sensitized allergens were associated with lower LCQ scores (i.e. impaired cough-specific QoL) in univariate regression analysis. Acid-reflux symptoms, airway hyperresponsiveness, fractional exhaled nitric oxide, and sensitization to molds were unrelated to the LCQ score. After adjustment for gender, symptoms of gastroesophageal dysmotility was the only significant determinant of impaired cough-specific QoL accounting for 23% of the variance. Cough-specific QoL is severely impaired in patients with CVA. Symptoms of gastroesophageal dysmotility are an independent predictor of cough-specific QoL of patients with CVA.
Abstract
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is known as a common comorbidity of asthma and chronic cough. The impact of GERD symptoms on cough-specific quality of life (QoL) in [...]
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Development of in vivo imaging
K. Kabashima, K. Izuhara

Allergology International (2016).
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Intravital imaging technology reveals immune system dynamics in vivo
M. Ishii

Allergology International (2016).

Abstract
Fluorescent ‘intravital’ imaging is a new research technique by which the interior of living tissues and organs (in living bodies, if possible) can be observed, revealing the kinetics of cell and molecular processes in real time. Recent technological innovations in optical equipment and fluorescence imaging techniques have enabled a variety of cellular phenomena in different tissues and organs to be characterized under completely native conditions. This shift from static to dynamic biology constitutes the beginning of a new era in biomedical sciences.
Abstract
Fluorescent ‘intravital’ imaging is a new research technique by which the interior of living tissues and organs (in living bodies, if possible) can be observed, revealing [...]
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Maculopapular type drug eruption caused by pregabalin: A case and literature review
A. Inoue, Y. Sawada, S. Ohmori, D. Omoto, S. Haruyama, M. Yoshioka, D. Nishio, M. Nakamura

Allergology International (2016).
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Anaphylaxis caused by γ-cyclodextrin in sugammadex
E. Hotta, R. Tamagawa-Mineoka, K. Masuda, M. Taura, Y. Nakagawa, F. Kanehisa, S. Tashima, N. Katoh

Allergology International (2016).
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Novel insights into cutaneous immune systems revealed by in vivo imaging
T. Honda, A. Otsuka, K. Kabashima

Allergology International (2016).

Abstract
In vivo imaging is a novel experimental approach for biological research. Multiphoton microscopy (MPM), a type of fluorescence microscopy, is a new tool for in vivo imaging analysis. MPM allows observation of both tissue structures and cell behaviors or cell–cell interactions in living animals in real time. Skin is an ideal tissue for MPM analysis as it is directly accessible to the microscope. In the skin, immune cells cooperate to maintain skin homeostasis or to exert immune responses against foreign antigens. In vivo imaging by MPM analysis provides precise information on cell dynamics in the skin, and has significantly expanded our knowledge of the cutaneous immune system. In this review, we will discuss recent insights related to the mechanisms of allergic skin inflammation that have been revealed by MPM analysis.
Abstract
In vivo imaging is a novel experimental approach for biological research. Multiphoton microscopy (MPM), a type of fluorescence microscopy, is a new tool for in vivo imaging [...]
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Optimal step-down approach for pediatric asthma controlled by salmeterol/fluticasone: A randomized, controlled trial (OSCAR study)
K. Akashi, H. Mezawa, Y. Tabata, J. Atsuta, R. Tokuda, Y. Kawada, T. Kitamura, H. Murasugi, H. Ito, M. Tabata, K. Shirao, S. Sato, H. Nishimura, M. Fujiwara, K. Masuda, H. Arakawa, Y. Adachi, S. Yoshihara, T. Fujisawa, T. Katsunuma

Allergology International (2016).

Abstract
Several guidelines, including the Japanese Pediatric Guideline for the Treatment and Management of Asthma (JPGL), recommend salmeterol/fluticasone combination therapy (SFC) as step 3 to 4 treatment for moderate to severe asthma. However, the optimal step-down approach to SFC remains unclear. In the current study, we examined step-down approaches in asthmatic children whose symptoms had been stabilized by SFC 100/200 μg/day. This randomized, multicenter, open-label, parallel-group study was conducted over 12 weeks. For step-down therapy, subjects aged 5–15 years were randomly assigned to an SFC group (25/50 μg b.i.d.) or an FP group (100 μg b.i.d.), and treated for 12 weeks. Childhood Asthma Control Test (C-ACT) scores, lung function, and exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels were monitored. Of 131 enrolled subjects, 128 completed the study and were included in the analysis. Decreases in % peak expiratory flow rate and % forced expiratory flow at 50% of vital capacity (V50) were observed in the FP group at each time point. There was a significant difference between the two groups for the change in %V50 from its previous value at each time point. There were no significant changes in FeNO levels (range 15–20 ppb) or C-ACT scores (∼26 points) within or between groups. A high level of asthma control was maintained with both approaches. The use of SFC step-down resulted in somewhat better respiratory function, with no worsening of airway inflammation. However, halving the dose of SFC and switching to FP alone are both optimal step-down approaches.
Abstract
Several guidelines, including the Japanese Pediatric Guideline for the Treatment and Management of Asthma (JPGL), recommend salmeterol/fluticasone combination therapy (SFC) [...]
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Endotypes of allergic diseases and asthma: An important step in building blocks for the future of precision medicine
I. Agache, C. Akdis

Allergology International (2016).

Abstract
Discoveries from basic science research in the last decade have brought significant progress in knowledge of pathophysiologic processes of allergic diseases, with a compelling impact on understanding of the natural history, risk prediction, treatment selection or mechanism-specific prevention strategies. The view of the pathophysiology of allergic diseases developed from a mechanistic approach, with a focus on symptoms and organ function, to the recognition of a complex network of immunological pathways. Several subtypes of inflammation and complex immune-regulatory networks and the reasons for their failure are now described, that open the way for the development of new diagnostic tools and innovative targeted-treatments. An endotype is a subtype of a disease condition, which is defined by a distinct pathophysiological mechanism, whereas a disease phenotype defines any observable characteristic of a disease without any implication of a mechanism. Another key word linked to disease endotyping is biomarker that is measured and evaluated to examine any biological or pathogenic processes, including response to a therapeutic intervention. These three keywords will be discussed more and more in the future with the upcoming efforts to revolutionize patient care in the direction of precision medicine and precision health. The understanding of disease endotypes based on pathophysiological principles and their validation across clinically meaningful outcomes in asthma, allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, atopic dermatitis and food allergy will be crucial for the success of precision medicine as a new approach to patient management.
Abstract
Discoveries from basic science research in the last decade have brought significant progress in knowledge of pathophysiologic processes of allergic diseases, with a compelling [...]
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La armonía del devenir: zen y poesía en Juan L. Ortiz
T. Bustillo

Acta Poética (2016).

Abstract
En este ensayo exploro la relación que existe en la poesía del poeta argentino Juan L. Ortiz, entre la experiencia poética y la iluminación o satori de la filosofía zen. Juan L. Ortiz, por medio de la contemplación de su paisaje natal-cotidiano, logra acceder a un nivel de conciencia en el que entrevé la maravilla de la compenetración del uno con el todo. La renuncia a sí mismo, la atención hacia las cosas por más ínfimas que éstas sean, la aceptación del vacío como fundamento de la existencia, lo llevan a ver al amor como la única respuesta para recobrar su propia armonía. La poesía para Ortiz supone entonces la posibilidad de acceder, mediante el leguaje, a esa armonía tan deseada. Un eje importante de este ensayo es el de mostrar cómo el lenguaje de Ortiz logra configurar en su interior esa experiencia, cómo construye un lenguaje que él mismo calificó de “transparente”, y cómo ese lenguaje logra contener en sí la armonía del devenir.
Abstract
En este ensayo exploro la relación que existe en la poesía del poeta argentino Juan L. Ortiz, entre la experiencia poética y la iluminación o satori de la filosofía zen. [...]
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La nada como ejercicio creador. La Guía espiritual de Molinos en Zambrano y Valente
T. Bay

Acta Poética (2016).

Abstract
En este artículo se analiza la Guía espiritual de Miguel de Molinos a partir de los estudios de María Zambrano y José Ángel Valente. Se aborda el papel que en la obra de Molinos desempeña el concepto de la nada como medio para alcanzar la divinidad. También se observa la importancia de la Guía como género literario y se habla en específico de la Guía espiritual como manual de aprendizaje práctico que se opone al conocimiento puramente escolástico y persigue el autoconocimiento. Asimismo la suerte histórica que tuvo Miguel de Molinos se contrasta con la de san Juan de la Cruz.
Abstract
En este artículo se analiza la Guía espiritual de Miguel de Molinos a partir de los estudios de María Zambrano y José Ángel Valente. Se aborda el papel que en la obra [...]
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Optimal under multiple criteria selection of refractory and insulating materials for metallurgical ladles
O. Valdés, J. Ruiz

Revista Internacional de Métodos Numéricos para Cálculo y Diseño en Ingeniería (2016). Vol. 32, (2)

Abstract
Until the present the problem of the refractory and isolating materials selection has not been treated, in all its complexity, as an optimization under multiple criteria task, but basically as a metallurgical problem. In the present article the mathematical modelling of the optimal under multiple criteria task, the analysis of it mathematical complexity, considering the dimensions of the materials by layers and by zones are exposed. The complexity of the formulated task conditions the necessity of its decomposition in simpler tasks by zones of the ladle. The experimental validation of the obtained numeric results, where the efficiency and resulting quality of the used procedures is evidenced. The procedures applied are a part of the Integration of Variables method. Particularly, the Random Search of the Extremes of a Function of a Variable Code operator is applied to the problem studied.
Abstract
Until the present the problem of the refractory and isolating materials selection has not been treated, in all its complexity, as an optimization under multiple criteria task, [...]
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E17110 promotes reverse cholesterol transport with liver X receptor β agonist activity in vitro
X. Li, L. Liu, J. Yang, W. Li, D. Lu, Y. Yu, J. Chai, L. Wang, L. Ma, P. Xie, Y. Xu, S. Si, N. Li, W. Jiang, H. Yin, P. Liu, W. Ruan, X. Wang

Journal of Bone Oncology (2016).

Abstract
Liver X receptor (LXR) plays an important role in reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), and activation of LXR could reduce atherosclerosis. In the present study we used a cell-based screening method to identify new potential LXRβ agonists. A novel benzofuran-2-carboxylate derivative was identified with LXRβ agonist activity: E17110 showed a significant activation effect on LXRβ with an EC50 value of 0.72 μmol/L. E17110 also increased the expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and G1 (ABCG1) in RAW264.7 macrophages. Moreover, E17110 significantly reduced cellular lipid accumulation and promoted cholesterol efflux in RAW264.7 macrophages. Interestingly, we found that the key amino acids in the LXRβ ligand-binding domain had distinct interactions with E17110 as compared to TO901317. These results suggest that E17110 was identified as a novel compound with LXRβ agonist activity in vitro via screening, and could be developed as a potential anti-atherosclerotic lead compound.
Abstract
Liver X receptor (LXR) plays an important role in reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), and activation of LXR could reduce atherosclerosis. In the present study we used a cell-based [...]
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Adventitial cystic disease of the common femoral vein presenting as deep vein thrombosis
Y. Kim, H. Chun, J. Hwang, J. Kim, S. Kim, S. Park, I. Moon

Test journal (2016).

Abstract
Adventitial cystic disease of the common femoral vein is a rare condition. We herein report the case of a 50-year-old woman who presented with painless swelling in her left lower leg that resembled deep vein thrombosis. She underwent femoral exploration and excision of the cystic wall. The presentation, investigation, treatment, and pathology of this condition are discussed with a literature review.
Abstract
Adventitial cystic disease of the common femoral vein is a rare condition. We herein report the case of a 50-year-old woman who presented with painless swelling in her left [...]
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Values shared by meromorphic functions and their derivatives
S. Majumder

Collection of Arab Journal of Mathematical Sciences (2016).

Abstract
In this paper we deal with the problem of uniqueness of meromorphic functions as well as their power which share a small function with their derivatives and obtain some results which improve and generalize the recent results due to Zhang and Yang (2009) and Sheng and Zongsheng (2012).
Abstract
In this paper we deal with the problem of uniqueness of meromorphic functions as well as their power which share a small function with their derivatives and obtain some results [...]
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