Documents published in 2017 : Scipedia

Connected Teens: Measuring the Impact of Mobile Phones on Social Relationships through Social Capital
M. Vidales-Bolaños, C. Sádaba-Chalezquer

Revista Comunicar (2017). 1

Abstract
Over the past twenty years, the high penetration of mobile phones as a means of interpersonal communication, especially among adolescents, has facilitated access to broader social environments outside their own family. Through the extension of their social environment, teenagers are able to establish new and more extensive relationships, while facing risks that may negatively affect their socialization process. The aim of this article was to find out how computer-mediated communication helps or obstructs the creation of social capital between teenagers, and what are the consequences of its use for this age group. To achieve this, an index of social capital was developed in the study, designed to determine the positive or negative impact of certain components of mobile mediated communication in the creation of this intangible resource. Questionnaires were distributed among Spanish adolescents of secondary and high school age, from different public and private schools of Navarre. Furthermore, the study considered the adolescents’ own perceptions about the incidence of the use of mobile phones in their social relationships. As reflected in the results, to identify the components of mediated communication that significantly affect social capital it is necessary to conduct an objective measurement of this resource.
Abstract
Over the past twenty years, the high penetration of mobile phones as a means of interpersonal communication, especially among adolescents, has facilitated access to broader [...]
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Meta-synthesis of Literacy for the Empowerment of Vulnerable Groups
C. Camilli-Trujillo, M. Römer-Pieretti

Revista Comunicar (2017). 1

Abstract
The vulnerability translates in concrete human groups that, although they know what occurs around them in a digital matter, by his own social and cultural condition they are alienated and, in this sense, away of the exercise of the information right. The aim has been to analyze the critical, media and digital literacy for the empowerment of vulnerable groups. The systematic review of the literature (meta-synthesis) covers the period between the years 1996-2016 and launched 202 documents, of which 117 fulfilled the inclusion criteria (105 documentary investigations and 12 qualitative studies). The results indicate that boys, teenagers and adults have been benefited and empowered by this literacy, many of them with low educational levels, in an econo¬mical disadvantage situation or have been alienated or excluded socially and culturally. The informal spaces for the media and digital training prevail as well as the reconceptualization reflection of the literacy, the reason why the vulnerable groups move away of his profits, like the influence of the empowerment in the social and personal sphere and the educational and communicational implications for those who have the responsibility of empower. It concludes that the groups are vulnerable if only they stay ignorant and that teach them to read and write empower them for the citizen life.
Abstract
The vulnerability translates in concrete human groups that, although they know what occurs around them in a digital matter, by his own social and cultural condition they are [...]
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Páginas previas de Hipogrifo 5.2, 2017
M. Cereceda

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1
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A modo de introducción. «El auto sacramental: de Lope a Calderón»
D. Lueiro, . Enrique

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2019). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
A modo de introducción. «El auto sacramental: de Lope a Calderón»
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Fundaments for the Critical Edition and Study of Lyric Poetry by the Playwright Bances Candamo
B. Pérez

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
The lyric Poetry by Bances Candamos is needed of a critical edition and a detailed study for its evaluation. With this aim, this article offers the basis for its turn of the century context, the textual transmission and its typology.
Abstract
The lyric Poetry by Bances Candamos is needed of a critical edition and a detailed study for its evaluation. With this aim, this article offers the basis for its turn of the [...]
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Review of Fernández Mosquera, Santiago, Calderón: texto, reescritura, significado y representación, Madrid/Frankfurt am Main, Iberoamericana/Vervuert , 2015, 354 pp. ISBN: 978-84-8489-897-9 (Iberoamericana) / 978-3-95487-438-5 (Vervuert)
C. Ribes

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
Review of Fernández Mosquera, Santiago, Calderón: texto, reescritura, significado y representación, Madrid/Frankfurt am Main, Iberoamericana/Vervuert , 2015, 354 pp. ISBN: 978-84-8489-897-9 (Iberoamericana) / 978-3-95487-438-5 (Vervuert)
Abstract
Review of Fernández Mosquera, Santiago, Calderón: texto, reescritura, significado y representación, Madrid/Frankfurt am Main, Iberoamericana/Vervuert , 2015, 354 pp. ISBN: [...]
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«La bella malmaridada» in Lope’s Sacramental play «La adúltera perdonada». From Medieval Condemnation to Sacramental Forgiveness Revisiting its Comedy
M. Nogués

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
The author of this article analyses the medieval romance with the theme of La bella malmaridada, the woman unfaithful, and studies the evolution of this topic so far until the Sacramental play by Lope de Vega La adúltera perdonada. It is also considered a comedy by Lope with the same title. The intention of this article is a close examination to the character of the wife, her husband and the marriage context from the Middle Ages. Dealing with these aspects, Lope proposes different solutions to the conflict presented as it is analysed.
Abstract
The author of this article analyses the medieval romance with the theme of La bella malmaridada, the woman unfaithful, and studies the evolution of this topic so far until [...]
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Of Herbs, Animals and other Poisons: Magical Renewal in «El peregrino indiano» by Antonio Saavedra Guzmán
R. Marrero-Fente

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
El peregrino indiano by Antonio de Saavedra Guzmán incorporates new substances into the magic spell. In addition to La Araucana, there are ingredients that come from other discursive traditions: the Renaissance treatises of natural history, the Bible, bestiaries, emblematic literature, magic and grimoires.
Abstract
El peregrino indiano by Antonio de Saavedra Guzmán incorporates new substances into the magic spell. In addition to La Araucana, there are ingredients that come from other [...]
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Towards a Discourse about the City in the New World: the Example of Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo
Á. Baraibar

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
This paper aims to be an initial approach to the way in which Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo puts up an specific discourse in his work at the time of describing the American city. Concretely, I have been interested in analyzing the ways the first chronicler of the American Indies adapts long-time used formulas from the old continent when he is introducing the reader to the new reality constituted by the American city. That is the case of Santo Domingo, a city to which Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo was especially bounded. It will serve us as an example to study how the chronicler adapts the formula of the panegyric of the city to the New World.
Abstract
This paper aims to be an initial approach to the way in which Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo puts up an specific discourse in his work at the time of describing the American [...]
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From Comedy to the Sacramental Play: from Honor to Forgiveness in Lope de Vega
J. Lueiro

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
The author of this article reviews the critical bibliography of the sacramental plays by Lope to show how scholars have always considered that this writer adapted elements and resources taken from his comedies into the sacramental plays. Actually, this article analyses the code of honor relevant in comic comedies and tragedies with different results. But this convention is also coherent with the sacramental genre, because it is supported by images and biblical metaphors and, in this case, they force a determined end. Equally, we have to take into consideration that the playwright employs other means specific of the auto sacramental to allow the allegory to operate and connect its two allegorical levels.
Abstract
The author of this article reviews the critical bibliography of the sacramental plays by Lope to show how scholars have always considered that this writer adapted elements [...]
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Space, Time and Action in Joan Timoneda’s Religious Dramas
F. Raposo

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
The work as a playwright of Joan Timoneda was reviled until the 1980s because of the relevance that criticism gave to its alleged lack of originality. It was interesting that when critics tried to correct this judgment was not done from an aesthetic point of view, much less dramaturgic. In this paper I will try to evaluate this facet based on criteria that are much more objective, coherent and contextualized. For this purpose, I will carry out the analysis of purely theatrical parameters such as the space, time and dramatic action with which Timoneda constructed eight religious pieces.
Abstract
The work as a playwright of Joan Timoneda was reviled until the 1980s because of the relevance that criticism gave to its alleged lack of originality. It was interesting that [...]
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Reseña de Silke Jansen e Irene M. Weiss (ed.), «Fray Antonio de Montesino y su tiempo», Madrid/Frankfurt, Iberoamericana/Vervuert, 2017, 261 pp., ISBN: 978-84-1692-203-1 (Iberoamericana) y 978-3-95487-553-5 (Vervuert)
G. Serés

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
Reseña de Silke Jansen e Irene M. Weiss (ed.), Fray Antonio de Montesino y su tiempo, Madrid/Frankfurt, Iberoamericana/Vervuert, 2017, 261 pp., ISBN: 978-84-1692-203-1 (Iberoamericana) y 978-3-95487-553-5 (Vervuert)
Abstract
Reseña de Silke Jansen e Irene M. Weiss (ed.), Fray Antonio de Montesino y su tiempo, Madrid/Frankfurt, Iberoamericana/Vervuert, 2017, 261 pp., ISBN: 978-84-1692-203-1 (Iberoamericana) [...]
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Páginas previas de Hipogrifo 5.1, 2017
M. Cereceda

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1
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Ruiz Ramón: Chronicles of a Friendship
C. Oliva

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
Preliminary note
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Francisco Ruiz Ramón: Friend and Mentor
L. Lorenzo

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
Preliminary note.
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Reseña de Prosperi, Adriano, «La vocazione: storie di gesuiti tra cinquecento e seicento», Torino, Einaudi, 2016, 272 pp., ISBN 978-8-858422-55-7
J. Torres

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
Reseña de Prosperi, Adriano, La vocazione: storie di gesuiti tra cinquecento e seicento, Torino, Einaudi, 2016, 272 pp., ISBN 978-8-858422-55-7
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Reseña de Mata Induráin, Carlos (ed.), «Recreaciones quijotescas y cervantinas en las artes. Cervantes y su obra», Anejos de «Rilce», 63, Pamplona, Eunsa, 2016, 283 pp. ISBN: 978-84-313-3164-1
S. Aguilar

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
Reseña de Mata Induráin, Carlos (ed.), Recreaciones quijotescas y cervantinas en las artes. Cervantes y su obra, Anejos de Rilce, 63, Pamplona, Eunsa, 2016, 283 pp. ISBN: 978-84-313-3164-1
Abstract
Reseña de Mata Induráin, Carlos (ed.), Recreaciones quijotescas y cervantinas en las artes. Cervantes y su obra, Anejos de Rilce, 63, Pamplona, Eunsa, 2016, 283 pp. ISBN: [...]
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For the History of a Literary Topos: the «Prodigal Son»
B. Pérez

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
In less than a century (from 1532 to 1618-1619 more or less) the parable of the prodigal son led the role in six dramatic plays (two comedies and four sacramental plays), showing it success and easy employment of its doctrine and exemplarity. The most attractive episode for the dramatic recreation is found in the description of the dissolute life of the prodigal son in the town (the world). All the playwrights create these scenes following the same structure and dramatic motifs. This aspect proves in this period the existence of a uniform cultural thought of what a dissolute life means.
Abstract
In less than a century (from 1532 to 1618-1619 more or less) the parable of the prodigal son led the role in six dramatic plays (two comedies and four sacramental plays), [...]
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«En los mayores peligros se conoce la amistad» («Friendship is Best Acknowledged when in Danger»), an Auto Sacramental (Eucharistic Morality Play) by José de Valdivieso, Staged at the Corpus Christi Feast in Seville, in 1619. An Analysis and a Virtual Reconstruction
M. Peña, V. Palacios

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
This paper studies José de Valdivieso’s En los mayores peligros se conoce la amistad (Friendship is best acknowledged when in danger) one of the five autos sacramentales (Eucharistic morality plays) staged at the Corpus Christi feast in Seville, in 1619, by Diego de Vallejo. It also bears the title La amistad en el peligro (Friendship when in danger), and has never been published in a modern critical edition, though two published records (1622 and 1624) bear witness to the play, of which there are two 17 th Century manuscript versions extant. This article, based on contemporary records, studies the historical socio-religious- urban context of the Corpus Christi feast in Seville and virtually reconstructs the play’s performance, on pageant wagons, and its subsequent procession within the town.
Abstract
This paper studies José de Valdivieso’s En los mayores peligros se conoce la amistad (Friendship is best acknowledged when in danger) one of the five autos sacramentales [...]
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The Bestiary in Lope de Vega’s Sacramental Plays
E. Lueiro

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
In the critical bibliography referred to Lope de Vega, the scholar usually finds the image of this author as a forerunner of Calderón. A good strategy to verify this impression is through partial studies as this devoted to the analysis of the bestiary in the sacramental plays. This article analyses the bestiary assigned to Christ, the devil and others more eclectic references ascribed to metaphorical expressions, or biblical characters. In short, the author proves that there is a strategy of performance through associative nets (that combines biblical text, patristic references, emblems, sculpture and painting) laying down the way to the magnificense of Calderón.
Abstract
In the critical bibliography referred to Lope de Vega, the scholar usually finds the image of this author as a forerunner of Calderón. A good strategy to verify this impression [...]
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Reseña de Gaspar Aguilar, «La comedia segunda de Los agravios perdonados», ed. C. George Peale, Santa Barbara, University of California, Publications of «eHumanista», 2016, 128 pp., edición digital
A. Sepúlveda

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
Reseña de Gaspar Aguilar, La comedia segunda de Los agravios perdonados, ed. C. George Peale, Santa Barbara, University of California, Publications of eHumanista, 2016, 128 pp., edición digital
Abstract
Reseña de Gaspar Aguilar, La comedia segunda de Los agravios perdonados, ed. C. George Peale, Santa Barbara, University of California, Publications of eHumanista, 2016, 128 [...]
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La «Grandeza mexicana» de Balbuena: Critical Delirium and Reading Keys
I. Arellano

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
Comments on Balbuena’s poem Grandeza mexicana, highlighting some reading keys and the danger of prejudices and lack of philological competence that are reflected in Saad Maura’s edition of the poem. The article provide a series of comments and notes to correct errors of the text and to understand references of the poem and its objectives.
Abstract
Comments on Balbuena’s poem Grandeza mexicana, highlighting some reading keys and the danger of prejudices and lack of philological competence that are reflected in Saad [...]
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Antisemitism in Calderón de la Barca Eucharistic Plays
R. Bernet

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
For historical reasons, antisemitism is an overarching theme in the Spanish society of the 16th and 17th centuries, and in the literature of the Spanish Golden Age. This essay explores Calderon’s morality plays and seeks to discover our author’s standpoint in regards to Judaism.
Abstract
For historical reasons, antisemitism is an overarching theme in the Spanish society of the 16th and 17th centuries, and in the literature of the Spanish Golden Age. This essay [...]
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Review of Arellano, Ignacio y Menéndez Peláez, Jesús (eds.), «La imagen de la autoridad y el poder en el teatro del Siglo de Oro», New York, IDEA, 2016, 204 pp. ISBN 978-1-938795-24-4
R. Cruz

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
Review of Arellano, Ignacio y Menéndez Peláez, Jesús (eds.), La imagen de la autoridad y el poder en el teatro del Siglo de Oro, New York, IDEA, 2016, 204 pp. ISBN 978-1-938795-24-4
Abstract
Review of Arellano, Ignacio y Menéndez Peláez, Jesús (eds.), La imagen de la autoridad y el poder en el teatro del Siglo de Oro, New York, IDEA, 2016, 204 pp. ISBN 978-[...]
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The Topic of the Jerusalem War in Luis de Miranda and Martin del Barco Centenera
S. Tieffemberg

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
The work proposes an analysis of Chapters IV and IX of Argentina y conquista del Rio de la Plata, the first epic poem about this region, published in 1602 by Martin del Barco Centenera, in dialogue with the so-called Romance of Luis de Miranda, the first poem about the same region, probably written about 1540. This analysis, whose point of departure is the discursive complexity of colonial productions and their multiple horizons of gestation and circulation, considers in a particular way in both texts the presence and rearticulation, in the early colonial-colonial political scene, of a topic of great diffusion in the peninsular literature of the time, that of the siege of Jerusalem. This topic, which refers to the account of Flavius Josephus De bello Iudaico, is shaped on two axes: the destruction of the city as divine punishment and the ravages caused by hunger because of the site.
Abstract
The work proposes an analysis of Chapters IV and IX of Argentina y conquista del Rio de la Plata, the first epic poem about this region, published in 1602 by Martin del Barco [...]
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Continuity with Creole Epic and Innovation in the «History of New Mexico», 1610
P. Cebollero

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
This is an introductory study to Gaspar de Villagrá’s History of New Mexico (1610) in the context of the Cortés epic cycle tradition. The concept of «epic continuity» is utilized in order to better understand how the poem adheres to epic tradition at the same time that it goes through formal changes needed for its renovation. Part of the renovation is the inclusion of prose as a legal defense strategy, and its use as a vehicle for the struggles of Mexican Creoles. It is proposed that this poem belongs in a Frontier Creole epic sub-cycle.
Abstract
This is an introductory study to Gaspar de Villagrá’s History of New Mexico (1610) in the context of the Cortés epic cycle tradition. The concept of «epic continuity» [...]
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The Auto-da-Fé on Stage in the Eucharistics Plays
J. Zambrana

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
This paper explores the representation of the Holy Office in allegorical works in which beyond the mere mention of his name is seen the character and / or the preparation and execution of the auto of faith, which constitutes the most ostensible proof of its power. After tracing a rapid panorama, the analysis focuses on The Inquisition, by Mira de Amescua, a little known work that has remained unpublished until very recently.
Abstract
This paper explores the representation of the Holy Office in allegorical works in which beyond the mere mention of his name is seen the character and / or the preparation [...]
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The Dramatic Development of the Parable of the Prodigal Son in the Sacramental Play by Alonso Remón
R. Rodríguez

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
The parable of the prodigal son is circumscribed as a predominant theme for the authors of the Spanish Golden Age to develop the plot of some of his autos sacramentales. However, among all these playwrights, the figure of Alonso Remón and his piece have been largely ignored. This article reviews the sacramental career of this author and highlights its importance and differences compared to other comedies that address the same theme.
Abstract
The parable of the prodigal son is circumscribed as a predominant theme for the authors of the Spanish Golden Age to develop the plot of some of his autos sacramentales. However, [...]
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The influence of St. Augustine in the Sacramental Plays of Lope
A. Domingo

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
The success of Spiritual Literature in Golden Age, especifically St Augustine prays and his autobiography Confessions, are used by Lope de Vega to reflect the official position of the Catholic Counter-Reformation. The Sacramental play shows these rethoric aspirations and Lope, in order to teach and make the audience feel like he did with Sacred Rimes, uses images and Augustinian themes to get it.
Abstract
The success of Spiritual Literature in Golden Age, especifically St Augustine prays and his autobiography Confessions, are used by Lope de Vega to reflect the official position [...]
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Review of Pedro Calderón de la Barca, «Céfalo y Pocris», introd. Enrica Cancelliere, ed. Ignacio Arellano, New York, IDEA, 2013, 190 pp. ISBN 978-1-938795-93-0
R. Niso

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
Review of Pedro Calderón de la Barca, Céfalo y Pocris, introd. Enrica Cancelliere, ed. Ignacio Arellano, New York, IDEA, 2013, 190 pp. ISBN 978-1-938795-93-0
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Guayangareo. The «New Michoacan» versus the Bishop Vasco de Quiroga and the Search for an Integration in the XVI Century
F. Sánchez, M. Márquez

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
In the beginnings of New Spain, particularly in the middle of the sixteenth century, Bishop Vasco de Quiroga maintained a serious confrontation with the inhabitants of Guayangareo, who sought to obtain the name of Michoacán, which originally corresponded to the bishopric established by Quiroga based on Various Royal Cedars. The conflict, turned into a trial that would last several years, would show the interest of Vasco de Quiroga, for a social integration, between the naturals and the Europeans of New Spain.
Abstract
In the beginnings of New Spain, particularly in the middle of the sixteenth century, Bishop Vasco de Quiroga maintained a serious confrontation with the inhabitants of Guayangareo, [...]
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Language Ideas in the Teaching of Latin in the 17th and 18th Centuries. Rivalry between Vernacular Languages: Antoni Portella’s «Nou mètode per aprendre la llengua llatina»
R. Vila

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
In 1764, Antoni Portella i Enric presented his book titled Nou methode per aprendre la llengua llatina. Primera part dels Rudiments (in English: A new method for learning Latin. Part one of the rudiments) to the Palma Town Hall. The book exemplified Port-Royal dictates and the fashionable educational ideas of the 17th century; it was successfully used in Minorcan schools, but it did not catch on in Majorca. The fact that it was written in Catalan, a language that was commonly used on the smaller island subject to the Treaty of Utrecht, and competed with grammar books created by experts who questioned its adequacy, put it at the center of a debate on the methodology for teaching Latin, as was common across Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries, but with the addition of the conflict between the two vernacular languages, Catalan and Spanish. This work deals with the controversy of ideas about the Catalan, Spanish and Latin languages that was lived in the second half of the eighteenth century in Mallorca and Menorca in the field of education; as well as the grammatical works in use.
Abstract
In 1764, Antoni Portella i Enric presented his book titled Nou methode per aprendre la llengua llatina. Primera part dels Rudiments (in English: A new method for learning [...]
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The Portrait of the Barbarian and the Concept of Barbarism in the Epic on the Arauco War in the Sixteenth Century
M. Salazar

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
The article approaches the epic poems that sang the process of conquest of Chile in the 16th century and, especially, the Arauco War. These works offer a representation that although it exalted the natives as heroes in battle, portrayed them also as barbarians, complex configuration that reflected an epic but critique perception on the conflict. From this consideration, we review the uses of the terms barbarian and barbarism in these poems, analyzing their complexity and the intrinsic tensions between the significant tradition of these concepts and the perceptions of the conflict that the authors projected in their works.
Abstract
The article approaches the epic poems that sang the process of conquest of Chile in the 16th century and, especially, the Arauco War. These works offer a representation that [...]
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Self Portrait of a Courtier: Juan Boscán, Inca Garcilaso’s Model
M. Canseco

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
This text focuses on a chief masterpiece of the Renaissance, Castiglione’s The Book of the Courtier, and aims to identify its influence on Inca Garcilaso’s work. Considering that he had this book in his library, we will examine the different levels of influence of Castiglione’s work, especially the translation into Spanish by the poet Juan Boscán. This study will address not only the importance of the translator, but also the significance of a piece that brought together all the ideals of the Renaissance: the perfect courtier’s form, style and attitude are omnipresent in Inca Garcilaso’s work and life.
Abstract
This text focuses on a chief masterpiece of the Renaissance, Castiglione’s The Book of the Courtier, and aims to identify its influence on Inca Garcilaso’s work. Considering [...]
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Luther in the «Cortes de la Muerte»: Representing Heresy in the Spanish Theatre of the Sixteenth Century
J. Corradine

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
Taking into account the presence of Luther and Lutherans in the Cortes de la Muerte, the Farsa militar by Diego Sánchez de Badajoz and some plays from the Códice de autos viejos, we analize the figure of the heresiarch and the heretic in the Spanish theatre of the mid-sixteenth century. This issue brings us to the question of the origin of the sacramental drama as an antiprotestant reaction. In the second half of this article we present a hypothesis about the extend of participation in the Cortes of the two writers (Miguel de Carvajal and Hurtado de Toledo), based on the different spiritual traditions found in the text.
Abstract
Taking into account the presence of Luther and Lutherans in the Cortes de la Muerte, the Farsa militar by Diego Sánchez de Badajoz and some plays from the Códice de autos [...]
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The Hispanic Monarchy in the Era of the Holy Spirit: the Atrium of Valadés
G. Serés

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
The autghor of this article analyse the influence of the work of the Millenarian Joaquin Da Fiore, Ramon Llull and Arias Montano on the composition of Christian Rhetoric by Diego Valadés. From the first of these writers, the author takes the notion of the era of the Holy Spirit; from the second, the concept of the Earthly City, for conquering the Indians; from the third, an idea for an engraving of significance in Valadés’ book, namely, the convent atrium. Additionally, he also take into account the idea of restitutio and reductio ad unum, with which both the mission of his Franciscan order and that of the Spanish monarchy are justified.
Abstract
The autghor of this article analyse the influence of the work of the Millenarian Joaquin Da Fiore, Ramon Llull and Arias Montano on the composition of Christian Rhetoric by [...]
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Review of Juan Coloma, «"Década de la pasión", "Cántico de la resurrección" de don Juan Coloma, conde de Elda y virrey de Cerdeña. Añádese en apéndice su poesía profana y el epistolario diplomátic con don Juan de Zúñiga», ed. Pedro M. Cátedra y Javier Burguillo, Salamanca, SEMYR, 2015, 532 pp. ISBN 978-84-941708-7-4
M. López

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
Review of Juan Coloma, «Década de la pasión», «Cántico de la resurrección» de don Juan Coloma, conde de Elda y virrey de Cerdeña. Añádese en apéndice su poesía profana y el epistolario diplomátic con don Juan de Zúñiga, ed. Pedro M. Cátedra y Javier Burguillo, Salamanca, SEMYR, 2015, 532 pp. ISBN 978-84-941708-7-4
Abstract
Review of Juan Coloma, «Década de la pasión», «Cántico de la resurrección» de don Juan Coloma, conde de Elda y virrey de Cerdeña. Añádese en apéndice su poesía [...]
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Review of Antonio Castillo Gómez, «Leer y oír leer. Ensayos sobre la lectura en los Siglos de Oro», Madrid/Frankfurt am Main, Iberoamericana/Vervuert, 2016, 231 pp. ISBN 978-84-8489-957-0
O. Castelao

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
Review of Antonio Castillo Gómez, Leer y oír leer. Ensayos sobre la lectura en los Siglos de Oro, Madrid/Frankfurt am Main, Iberoamericana/Vervuert, 2016, 231 pp. ISBN 978-84-8489-957-0
Abstract
Review of Antonio Castillo Gómez, Leer y oír leer. Ensayos sobre la lectura en los Siglos de Oro, Madrid/Frankfurt am Main, Iberoamericana/Vervuert, 2016, 231 pp. ISBN 9[...]
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Review of Tirso de Molina, «La fingida Arcadia», ed. Victoriano Roncero, New York/Madrid, IDEA/Instituto de Estudios Tirsianos, 2016, 222 pp. ISBN 978-1-938795-19-0
I. Torres

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
Review of Tirso de Molina, La fingida Arcadia, ed. Victoriano Roncero, New York/Madrid, IDEA/Instituto de Estudios Tirsianos, 2016, 222 pp. ISBN 978-1-938795-19-0
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Epic and Image: a Socio-Poetic Analysis of Jerónimo Corte-Real’s Manuscripts (ca. 1569 and 1575)
A. Plagnard

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
The Cadaval 31 codex of the Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo and 3693 of the Biblioteca National de Espana are two extraordinary work of art: two epic manuscripts, color illustrated by Jeronimo Corte-Real, their Portuguese author. The poet-painter approach, so original for the medium it uses in comparaison to the rest of the epic production, is perfectly consistent with the enargeia and the visual style of his poems. Text and image share the same rhetoric, serving the figure of the poet artist and humanist, able to shine in every art, so successful in Corte-Real case. This common rhetoric is essential to understand the position of the poet as historian of Portuguese and Spanish wars.
Abstract
The Cadaval 31 codex of the Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo and 3693 of the Biblioteca National de Espana are two extraordinary work of art: two epic manuscripts, color [...]
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The Brief but Fruitful Apostolate of Martin Sarmiento de Hojacastro as Bishop of Puebla and his Indian Defense against the «Encomenderos»
J. Andreu

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
Along with other religious from the Order of San Francisco, and with the support of the exemplary Juan de Zumarraga, fray Martin Sarmiento de Hojacastro, not only would become General Commissioner of the Order of San Francisco in the New Spain, but it also become titular of the Bishopric of Tlaxcala Puebla, initiating a tough fight against abuses of the encomenderos over the Indians. This research aims to show, by the historical and legal documentary technique, part of the work of this eminent prelate in shaping not only the city of Puebla de los Angeles, but his protection of indigenous.
Abstract
Along with other religious from the Order of San Francisco, and with the support of the exemplary Juan de Zumarraga, fray Martin Sarmiento de Hojacastro, not only would become [...]
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«Sobre cimientos de alabastro». Marvelous architectures in «El Bernardo» of Balbuena
M. López

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
Marvelous architectures are part of the literary configuration of a group of early modern subgenres among which is the chivalric epic. This study shows how these spaces are especially abundant in El Bernardo in comparison with similar works, and presents its different variants to examine their relevance in diegetic evolution of the poem.
Abstract
Marvelous architectures are part of the literary configuration of a group of early modern subgenres among which is the chivalric epic. This study shows how these spaces are [...]
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The Devil as Representation of the Sacred and the Profane in four Spanish Baroque Plays
D. Hurtado

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
This paper aims to analyze how the scenic word built the devil’s image and the diabolic, in four Spanish Baroque plays: El esclavo del demonio («The Devil’s Slave», 1612), by Antonio Mira de Amescua (1577- 1636); El condenado por desconfiado («Damned for Despair», 1635), by Tirso de Molina (1579-1648); El mágico prodigioso («The Wonder-Working Magician», 1637) y El veneno y la triaca («The Poison and the Antidote», 1677) by Pedro Calderón de la Barca (1600-1681). In these plays, the devil is a dynamic character who moves between the sacred and the profane dimension in the theatric scene as well as in the human soul.
Abstract
This paper aims to analyze how the scenic word built the devil’s image and the diabolic, in four Spanish Baroque plays: El esclavo del demonio («The Devil’s Slave», [...]
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Maroons and Privateers: from Colonial Reality to Historical Epic Poems
L. Segas

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
This essay pretends to demonstrate how two epic poems, Lope de Vega’s Dragontea (1598) and Miramontes’ Armas antárticas (completed around 1609), compete in a verse dual about the collaboration between English privateers and the Panama Maroons and its dangers at the turn of the 16Th century. Despite offering different approaches on this matter, considering the place of enunciation and the direct or indirect knowledge of this colonial reality, both literary works include Maroons in the Christian European history and its continuity in colonial America. Therefore, the introduction in epic literature of the Maroons as a pressure group in the colonial space has per objective to present them as a new heroic obstacle that the power of the Spanish arms (Miramontes) or of the dominant’s speech (Lope and Miramontes) achieves to vanquish and integrate.
Abstract
This essay pretends to demonstrate how two epic poems, Lope de Vega’s Dragontea (1598) and Miramontes’ Armas antárticas (completed around 1609), compete in a verse dual [...]
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The Matter of Pirates in Chilean Epic: «Purén indómito» and «La guerra de Chile»
J. Navascués

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
The theme of piracy in the colonial epic poetry represents patterns of military defense against an enemy that sets an internal and external challenge from the sea and land. Sometimes, Pirates were especially considered dangerous if they tried to get alliances with subjected populations of Indians. In this article I begin by exploring the presence of Dutch privateers in a passage of Puren indómito, poem by Diego Arias de Saavedra, and their frustrated attempt to gain allies among Araucanian people. Then, two final Cantos of La guerra de Chile, an anonymous poem, were analyzed in relation with the tragic destiny of other Dutch sailor, Jacob Mahu, and how certain intertextual comparison with the episode of Adamastor in Os Lusiadas is argued from a global political lecture. Both poems show the fragility of the Spanish military force in the region.
Abstract
The theme of piracy in the colonial epic poetry represents patterns of military defense against an enemy that sets an internal and external challenge from the sea and land. [...]
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The Presence of Ruperto de Deutz in Quevedo’s Work, «Isla de los Monopantos»
M. Panarelli

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
Between the lines of the «Isla de los Monopantos», libel number XXXIX included by Francisco de Quevedo in his work La hora de todos, we can find a quote that seems extracted from St Jerome’s «Commentary on Isaiah»; this interpretation was pondered after the reading of the second chapter of the Política de Dios, in which Quevedo exhibits a similar re-elaborated version to the passages of St Jerome. This article proposes its confutation; starting from the analysis of the quote, we assert Ruperto of Deutz as the direct influence of Quevedo’s transcript, the same reference source that was used by the author for the writing of Homilía a la Santísima Trinidad and Sobre las palabras que dijo Christo á su santísima Madre en las bodas de Caná de Galilea. Lastly, a further contribution is determined by the Annals of Jacques Salian, vastly handled by Quevedo during his literary activity; in these compilations which include Ruperto’s works, it’s possible to discover crucial passages for the support of this analysis.
Abstract
Between the lines of the «Isla de los Monopantos», libel number XXXIX included by Francisco de Quevedo in his work La hora de todos, we can find a quote that seems extracted [...]
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An Edition of Sacramental Plays and Comedias by Calderón in the XVIIIth Century: the Project of Fernández de Apontes
D. Ortega

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
The actual essay analyzes briefly the situation of the Calderonian plays within the new taste of the Neoclassicist period, in order to examine the editions of his work that were printed from the end of the 17th century to the middle of the 18th. First of all, we study the editorial task developed by Vera Tassis in the comedies and Pando y Mier in the sacramental plays. Then, we pay attention to the volumes prepared by Fernández de Apontes to be printed during the second half of the 18th century, when following the theorists and the preserved documents (number of sold tickets in the theatres), Calderón seemed not to be so popular amongst the Enlightment audience. Therefore, we would try to figure out the reasons why Fernández de Apontes printed the complete work written by the playwright in a historical moment in which the taste of the audience had changed.
Abstract
The actual essay analyzes briefly the situation of the Calderonian plays within the new taste of the Neoclassicist period, in order to examine the editions of his work that [...]
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Ontologies and Epistemologies to Achieve Knowledge in Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz’s Poem «Primero Sueño»
L. López

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
In this article, I propose reading one section of sor Juana Inés de la Cruz’s poem «Primero Sueño» as a philosophical reflexion about the discussion between realists and nominalists, on the one hand, and as a reflexion about the preferable based realist/nominalist methodology on the other hand. The realist perspective presented in this poem has a Platonic-Augustinian character. The nominalist perspective —an ontology which sor Juana seems to have preferred— has an Ockhamist vein.
Abstract
In this article, I propose reading one section of sor Juana Inés de la Cruz’s poem «Primero Sueño» as a philosophical reflexion about the discussion between realists [...]
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Style and metaphorical language in «Los cigarrales de Toledo»
L. Dolfi

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
This paper analyses the metaphorical language of Cigarrales de Toledo, emphasizing its variety and the presence of saturated semantic fields (economic, legal, medical, funeral, etc.) in unexpected contexts and often associated to the same characters. It evidences an intentional descriptive attention and a frequent use of enumeration, which —adding to metaphors, bisemie, paronomasie, and other various rhetorical figures— enriches the text of details and nuances. Another important element is the repeated habit of quantify all that is told, that is a lure to concreteness and an intentional compensation to the world of images.
Abstract
This paper analyses the metaphorical language of Cigarrales de Toledo, emphasizing its variety and the presence of saturated semantic fields (economic, legal, medical, funeral, [...]
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Secrets and Tricks in a Lope de Vega’s Comedy: «El gran duque de Moscovia»
L. Feijoo

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
This comedia by Lope de Vega has received few criticism until now. Most of the studies about this play deal with its date: 1613 is commonly accepted as the year of composition. This article tackles this problem and defends the year 1608 by establishing the connection between the comedia and its sources. This article also explains the segmentation and structure of this comedia
Abstract
This comedia by Lope de Vega has received few criticism until now. Most of the studies about this play deal with its date: 1613 is commonly accepted as the year of composition. [...]
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Francisco Galeas’s Unpublished Dramatic Works (Hispanic Society of America, Ms. HC380/611)
M. Peña

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
As indicated at the beginning of this paper, it deals with a small number of unpublished plays by a late 16th - early 17th century writer. Apart from incorporating his production to the history of drama, I try to lay emphasis on the fact that he, being an amateur playwright, was responsible for the performance of his own plays, at an age when theatre was rapidly becoming commercial and professional. The way his personal circumstances influenced his own creative work is also taken into account. This author has certainly to be viewed within his own time and personal and literary history.
Abstract
As indicated at the beginning of this paper, it deals with a small number of unpublished plays by a late 16th - early 17th century writer. Apart from incorporating his production [...]
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«Deconstructing» Calderón: Criticism Dramaturgy of Francisco Ruiz Ramón
E. Cuadros

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
The study examines the critical point of view and research methodology that was applied by Francisco Ruiz Ramon (1930-2015) to analyze Spanish Theater, from its excellent Historia del teatro español (1967) to his latest research focused on Pedro Calderón de la Barca (1600-1681) and, especially, in its review as a contemporary classic in the history of European theater. To do it, the study pays particular attention to Ruiz Ramón’s biographical and academic circumstances and the critical currents that inspired its «Calderón reading» model, which contributed decisively in the renewal of Golden Age Theather historiography
Abstract
The study examines the critical point of view and research methodology that was applied by Francisco Ruiz Ramon (1930-2015) to analyze Spanish Theater, from its excellent [...]
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«Los pajes golosos», an Unknown and Unpublished Novohispanic Entremés from the 18th Century
A. Durán

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
This work consists of the edition of a novohispanic entremés from the 18th century entitled Los pajes golosos [the gluttonous pages]. This is an unknown and unpublished interlude which inscribes itself in the orbit of the famous entremés-specialist Luis Quiñones de Benavente. The play is here related to better-known interludes (one with the same title but written by León Merchante and another one, anonymous, entitled Perico y Marina). Its linguistic and literary characteristics will also be analysed.
Abstract
This work consists of the edition of a novohispanic entremés from the 18th century entitled Los pajes golosos [the gluttonous pages]. This is an unknown and unpublished interlude [...]
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Notes for a Sacramental Bestiary in Calderón: the Eagle
J. Baztán

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
This paper analyzes a specific motif, the eagle, as one of the sacramental items best known of the calderonian bestiary. Their study is done through several layers: the compositional, the morphological, the biblical, the political-symbolic and the scenic, showing the complexity of the subject and its peculiar insertion in the sacramental plays of the golden age spanish playwright.
Abstract
This paper analyzes a specific motif, the eagle, as one of the sacramental items best known of the calderonian bestiary. Their study is done through several layers: the compositional, [...]
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The Starry Sky in Sacramental Cosmology by Calderón
A. Miramón

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
The starry sky, from the Greeks, has had a wide impact on the neo-Platonic world, but from El sueño de Escipión by Ficino and Leon Hebrew, it acquires a decisive importance for the subsequent literature by the possibility of so many relationships and correspondences and it is, moreover, favoured by the science of the time . Calderon used all known sources in mystery plays to expose a cosmology and show the dramatic and lyrical possibilities of this motif
Abstract
The starry sky, from the Greeks, has had a wide impact on the neo-Platonic world, but from El sueño de Escipión by Ficino and Leon Hebrew, it acquires a decisive importance [...]
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Perspectivism and Symbolic Spaces in «La vida es sueño»
E. Rull

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
In this paper we try to investigate the value of cosmic calderonian perspectives in La vida es sueño, showing how from the beginning of this work and through to completion of the whole of it, it is conceived as a dialectic of verticality, establishing the paradigm «down-up» as a dramatic technique in which both the symbolic dimensions of the scenery and its reflection in the moral world play a fundamental role
Abstract
In this paper we try to investigate the value of cosmic calderonian perspectives in La vida es sueño, showing how from the beginning of this work and through to completion [...]
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Political Readings of Calderon’s Comedies: the Case of «Amor, honor y poder»
J. Rubiera

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
This paper challenges Don Cruickshank’s interpretation of Amor, honor y poder who speculates on the parallels between some play’s characters (Rey Eduardo, Flérida, Teobaldo) and historical personnages in 1623, when the play was performed in Madrid (Philip IV, María Anna of Spain, Prince of Wales). The author shows the flaws in Cruickshank’s arguments and at the end provides some methodological reflections on the analysis and interpretation of dramatic texts.
Abstract
This paper challenges Don Cruickshank’s interpretation of Amor, honor y poder who speculates on the parallels between some play’s characters (Rey Eduardo, Flérida, Teobaldo) [...]
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Competition for Applause in the Golden Age Theater
I. Arellano

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
The article reviews the rivalries among the major poets of the Golden Age, particularly in the sphere of the theater. The papel examines the relations of friendship or enmity between Lope, Góngora, Tirso, Cervantes, Calderón… within the framework of the battle for popular applause and the social and economic thrive.
Abstract
The article reviews the rivalries among the major poets of the Golden Age, particularly in the sphere of the theater. The papel examines the relations of friendship or enmity [...]
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Sketch for a Verbal Theory of the Comedia
A. Zamora

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
Theater is constituted by a double and correlative tension between auditory and visual elements, on one hand, and verbal and factual components, on the other. Due to restrictions in staging or to aesthetic preference, in the Spanish Golden Age Comedia there is an initial preference for auditory constituents over visual elements. However, this partiality does not entail, as could be expected from the double binary, a supremacy of the verbal over the factual, but rather requires an equivalence between both dimensions. Given the original diminished role of visual action, in the Spanish Comedia the word becomes the action; both are one and the same. From this hypothesis, I propose an analytical model wherein the play’s plot appears as set of verbal incidents that could be reduced to four: utterance of a statement, silence, correct and incorrect interpretation of an utterance. To prove or test the validity and the critical fruits of this theorization of the Comedia and the analytical method derived from it, the essay reviews (or better, rehears) a corpus of representative plays: El médico de su honra, El desdén con el desdén, El condenado por desconfiado, and Entre bobos anda el juego.
Abstract
Theater is constituted by a double and correlative tension between auditory and visual elements, on one hand, and verbal and factual components, on the other. Due to restrictions [...]
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Humour and Economics in «Hombre pobre todo es trazas» by Calderón de la Barca
Y. Campbell

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
At the comedy, Hombre pobre todo es trazas (1628), Calderón uses a lot of resources that apparently only pretend to provoke the humor in the public. However, the economical situation, the mentality and behavioral transformations that means the «régimen dinerario» at XVIIth century in Spain, are essential for the protagonist characterization. It permits, not only enjoy, but also to understand his misleading behavior reasons and the play structure. The social value of money in the Modern economy is brilliantly dramatized by Calderón in a comic way that is always possible to enjoy
Abstract
At the comedy, Hombre pobre todo es trazas (1628), Calderón uses a lot of resources that apparently only pretend to provoke the humor in the public. However, the economical [...]
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«The Passion for Order». Virtual Convergences in the Allegorical Linealismo of «Two Angels and a Holy Archbishop» and in the Theological Symbolism of the Calderonian auto sacramental
M. García

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
«The passion for order» that characterizes the Caledonian works can be seen in the optics capacity of the dramatist to produce auto sacramentales that maintain a direct correlation with the preceding pictorial works. In this line of analysis, this study presents the convergence between the allegorical linealismo visibly present in the Roman mural paintings of the region of Castile and León in Two Angels and a Holy Archbishop of anonymous artist found in the Hermitage of the Vera Cruz de Maderuelo, Segovia, of the twelfth century Spain, and the implied significance of the symbolism represented in the scenic sketches of the auto sacramental The Immunity of Consecrated Ground by Pedro Calderón de la Barca written in the early modern Spain.
Abstract
«The passion for order» that characterizes the Caledonian works can be seen in the optics capacity of the dramatist to produce auto sacramentales that maintain a direct [...]
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Spanish Tragedy of the Golden Age in its European Context: the Tragical Canon in France and England
M. Sellers

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
Tragedy was born in Greece and was subsequently claimed and defended in Europe during the Renaissance and Baroque but, this being a gender as orthodox as changeable, it will be necessary to resort to a new reading of its components in order to adapt them to the reality of the Golden Age. Humanism promotes this recovery of the classical world and generates a significant literature on drama precepts that will not develop the same way in all European countries. While Italy and France opt for the acceptance and conversion of the ideas of Aristotle and Horace into style rules, Spain and England cannot fail to point out the dramatic dissonance between stage theory and practice, and, the aim of pleasing the public, will prevail as a benchmark of success over fidelity to the classical precepts. However, despite theoretical differences, the French drama as the English and the Spanish drama will be committed to the development of tragedy. We will discuss some ideas about drama rules in France and England and their connection with what is represented on stage, as well as the nature and intensity of the government’s support to the theatre, in order to contextualize and show the differences with respect to the Spanish Baroque tragedy.
Abstract
Tragedy was born in Greece and was subsequently claimed and defended in Europe during the Renaissance and Baroque but, this being a gender as orthodox as changeable, it will [...]
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An offhanded censorship: the Inquisitorial Prohibition of Lope de Vega’s «La fianza satisfecha»
H. Urzáiz

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
This paper analyzes the inquisitorial prohibition of Lope de Vega’s The fianza satisfecha at the end of the eighteenth century. Criticism has judged very negatively this comedia, whose authorship is uncertain. The fianza satisfecha was denounced to the Inquisition (Logroño, 1781; Barcelona, 1798) and included in the Index librorum prohibitorum (1801) after a long and rough discussion among the censors. The details of this discussion are set out in an almost unknown document (Archivo Histórico Nacional, Madrid) whose transcription is also carried out in this paper.
Abstract
This paper analyzes the inquisitorial prohibition of Lope de Vega’s The fianza satisfecha at the end of the eighteenth century. Criticism has judged very negatively this [...]
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Artful Women in Positions of Power: Three Examples from Tirso de Molina
D. Hildner

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
The present study examines three plays by Tirso de Molina (Amar por señas, El castigo del penséque and Quien calla otorga) in which female protagonists in positions of power (or as relatives of those in power) use their authority to confuse and deceive the male protagonists, who is a foreigner in their lands. Their position allows them to go beyond the typical deceptions of Tirso’s intrigue comedies (e. g., Don Gil de las calzas verdes). Concretely, they manage to detain the young man physically, to torment him without revealing their identity and to send ambiguous message that keep the male character in uncertainty. However, they are constrained by their sense of honor and it is implied that, after the traditional wedding that ends these plays, the women will no longer have the authority to continue their manipulation.
Abstract
The present study examines three plays by Tirso de Molina (Amar por señas, El castigo del penséque and Quien calla otorga) in which female protagonists in positions of power [...]
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The Interlude of the Black Woman in the «Coloquio de Gila» by Lope de Rueda, and Other Black Women in Sixteenth-Century Spanish Theater
M. Lobato

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
The Coloquio de Gila by Lope de Rueda, which came to light less than a decade ago, presents the figure of the black woman Sofía with a number of identifying characteristics. Some of these characteristics are already found in poetic texts that contain a noticeable element of dramatisation and were written towards the end of the fifteenth century, such as those by Anrique de Mota and Rodrigo de Reinosa. But it is in the sixteenth century that the ‘black woman’ character type appears in literary works by Jaime de Huete, Feliciano de Silva, Gaspar Gómez de Toledo, Gil Vicente and Diego Sánchez de Badajoz. These works constitute a sufficiently wide repertoire to examine the black woman character type and to establish the characteristics of this type on the basis of the literary texts in which she appears.
Abstract
The Coloquio de Gila by Lope de Rueda, which came to light less than a decade ago, presents the figure of the black woman Sofía with a number of identifying characteristics. [...]
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A Reassessment of the Concept of Honor in the Spanish Theater of the Golden Age
A. Lauer

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
reassessed taking into consideration anthropological, civil, legal, lexical, moral, philosophical, theological and psychological aspects. An application of this refurbished concept follows, wherein the idea of honor as a social concept and as a moral attribute clash in three villein plays: Pedro Calderón de la Barca’s The Mayor of Zalamea (El alcalde de Zalamea) and Lope de Vega’s All Citizens Are Soldiers (Fuenteovejuna), and Peribáñez and the Comendador of Ocaña (Peribáñez y el Comendador de Ocaña).
Abstract
reassessed taking into consideration anthropological, civil, legal, lexical, moral, philosophical, theological and psychological aspects. An application of this refurbished [...]
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«Lope de Vega’s La hermosa Ester», a Tentative Reconstruction of Space in the Play
M. Vitse

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
This article aims to describe and characterize space in Lope de Vega’s biblical play La hermosa Ester (1610). With the exception of two comic interludes found respectively in cuadros E and H and set in a hamlet near to the Persian capital, the remaining 11 cuadros are set in the city of Susa. The city is represented by a palace with a garden, a throne room and the king’s chambers) as well as an urban space (Jewish quarter, the favorite minister’s residence, and streets), both of which are linked by a square that is situated in front of the palace, a square that is of prime importance in the dramatic action. In contrast to Danielle Crivellari’s recent study on space in the work, this new proposed reconstruction, fashioned according to implicit stage directions, brings to light the dubious fragility of spacial elements when considering the play’s system of segmentation, that can find firmer bases in the metrics
Abstract
This article aims to describe and characterize space in Lope de Vega’s biblical play La hermosa Ester (1610). With the exception of two comic interludes found respectively [...]
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Artful Resources: Adaptation and Reconstruction in Drama
E. Friedman

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
There is an obvious relation between the imitation and adaptation of literary works. The focus of the essay is the adaptation of early Spanish modern works —including Don Quijote and plays by Cervantes, Lope de Vega, and Juan Ruiz de Alarcón— and Miguel de Unamuno’s Niebla into dramatic texts in English. Adaptation becomes a method of reading, analysis, and interpretation, as well as a form of communication among authors.
Abstract
There is an obvious relation between the imitation and adaptation of literary works. The focus of the essay is the adaptation of early Spanish modern works —including Don [...]
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The myth of Troy in Lope de Vega’s Drama Writing
F. Serralta

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
A meaningful sample of the short allusions to the myth of Troy in the plays of Lope de Vega enable one to part into relief how numerous they are and the part they play in the dramatist’s writing both an ornamental and sometimes a functional point of view.
Abstract
A meaningful sample of the short allusions to the myth of Troy in the plays of Lope de Vega enable one to part into relief how numerous they are and the part they play in [...]
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Rubens, Calderón and the Gods of «La vida es sueño»: Uranus, Saturn and Jupiter
F. Armas

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
This essay studies two myths that have been proposed as sources for La vida es sueño: the myth of Uranus castrated by Saturn and the story of Saturn dethroned by Jupiter. While both have to do with the confrontation between father and son (Basilio and Segismundo), each brings different themes and motifs to the work. The first has to do with the retention of power and the opposition to freedom; while the second appears in its astrological sense. Basilio is related to the malefic influence of Saturn that leads to incarceration. In its positive aspects, the saturnine influences that fall upon Segismundo allow him to eventually conceive a broader vision, thus pardoning the father and becoming part of a new Golden Age presaged by Rosaura/Astraea. Ruben’s painting, Saturn Devouring his Son, help us to visualize the complementarity that exists between the two major myths that are at the basis of the conflict in Calderón’s work
Abstract
This essay studies two myths that have been proposed as sources for La vida es sueño: the myth of Uranus castrated by Saturn and the story of Saturn dethroned by Jupiter. [...]
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Marginalized and Rebellious: Juan Ruiz de Alarcón and Fernando Zárate Castronovo, Playwrights
M. Muñoz

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
This article offers a comparison between two plays: Mudarse por mejorarse by Juan Ruiz de Alarcón y Mudarse por mejorarse by Fernando Zárate Castronovo (ca. 1663) in order to examine the authors’ Jewish origins, personalities and biographies. Both of them suffered harassment from other authors (Alarcón) and from Spanish Inquisition (Zárate). Alarcón, who was an isolated but peaceful man, died in Madrid the 4th of August 1639. On the contrary, Zárate, who was rebellious and defeated, died at Sevilla’s Inquisition Palace, the 18th of March 1663. As a conclusion, we can confirm that Zárate Castronovo just copied the title of Alarcón’s comedy to be able to relate it to the unconscious desire of «change» the physical appearence (Alarcón) or the fate (Zárate).
Abstract
This article offers a comparison between two plays: Mudarse por mejorarse by Juan Ruiz de Alarcón y Mudarse por mejorarse by Fernando Zárate Castronovo (ca. 1663) in order [...]
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Locked Doors and Dark Rooms in Calderonian Tragedies (with Some Excursion in the Comedies)
F. Antonucci

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
In many Calderón’s tragic plays, a room or a hall can turn into a space of violence, if locked or opened against the will of the character (mostly a woman) who lives in it. That is what we can observe in La gran Cenobia, El médico de su honra, El pintor de su deshonra, El mayor monstruo del mundo, La vida es sueño. In comic plays, on the contrary, dramatic situations like these use to turn out well, thanks to ingenious solutions or favorable chance: it is what happens in Amor, honor y poder and La dama duende; whereas the case of No hay cosa como callar confirms the generic ambiguity of this play.
Abstract
In many Calderón’s tragic plays, a room or a hall can turn into a space of violence, if locked or opened against the will of the character (mostly a woman) who lives in [...]
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Prosper Mérimée and the Golden Age Theather
J. Canavaggio

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
The complex relationship between Mérimée and Golden Age theather poses three questions that are closely related. In first place, what was the specific knowledge of Carmen's author from one of the three most outstanding theathers invented by Modern Europe? Then, what was his opinion about it? And finally, what is the impact of this theather on his own works? We expect to answer these three questions in the present article.
Abstract
The complex relationship between Mérimée and Golden Age theather poses three questions that are closely related. In first place, what was the specific knowledge of Carmen's [...]
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Edition and Study of the «Alegacía de méritos de Manuel de Alday y Aspée para optar a la canonjía doctoral de la catedral de Santiago de Chile» (1736)
J. Gebhard, B. Davanzo, J. Carrandi

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (2), 1

Abstract
By year 1736, doctor Manuel de Alday y Aspée ran for doctoral canonry of the Cathedral of Santiago de Chile. To qualify, he took public examinations in which he needed to demonstrate his merits to win over his contender, the lawyer Juan de Vargas. So he did, and to ensure his triumph he composed this text, which contains the list of his academic achievements and multiple scholarly and literary references, arranged in a rhetorical framework designed to impress and therefore persuade those who should vote. We present this unpublished document, which will contribute to the biographical study of this important historical figure and, incidentally, allow an approach to the history of literate culture of Colonial Chile.
Abstract
By year 1736, doctor Manuel de Alday y Aspée ran for doctoral canonry of the Cathedral of Santiago de Chile. To qualify, he took public examinations in which he needed to [...]
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Salas Barbadillo’s «La escuela de Celestina», or the Interrupted Heritage
E. Santo-Tomás

Revista Test Hipogrifo (2017). Vol. 5, (1), 1

Abstract
Little has been written on La escuela de Celestina y el hidalgo presumido (1620), one of the few comedies penned by Alonso Jerónimo de Salas Barbadillo. In this essay I read this piece as part of a tradition of parodies of the famous academic exercises known as gallos and vejámenes, so frequent in the universities of the time. Through humorous inversion, Salas leads us to formulate new questions on the role of high culture, on the nature of true knowledge and, ultimately, on the transmission of specific literary myths —a transmission that is here interrupted by the rewriting of the Celestinesque character
Abstract
Little has been written on La escuela de Celestina y el hidalgo presumido (1620), one of the few comedies penned by Alonso Jerónimo de Salas Barbadillo. In this essay I read [...]
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Meta-synthesis of Literacy for the Empowerment of Vulnerable Groups
C. Camilli-Trujillo, M. Römer-Pieretti

Revista Hipogrifo (2017). 1

Abstract
The vulnerability translates in concrete human groups that, although they know what occurs around them in a digital matter, by his own social and cultural condition they are alienated and, in this sense, away of the exercise of the information right. The aim has been to analyze the critical, media and digital literacy for the empowerment of vulnerable groups. The systematic review of the literature (meta-synthesis) covers the period between the years 1996-2016 and launched 202 documents, of which 117 fulfilled the inclusion criteria (105 documentary investigations and 12 qualitative studies). The results indicate that boys, teenagers and adults have been benefited and empowered by this literacy, many of them with low educational levels, in an econo¬mical disadvantage situation or have been alienated or excluded socially and culturally. The informal spaces for the media and digital training prevail as well as the reconceptualization reflection of the literacy, the reason why the vulnerable groups move away of his profits, like the influence of the empowerment in the social and personal sphere and the educational and communicational implications for those who have the responsibility of empower. It concludes that the groups are vulnerable if only they stay ignorant and that teach them to read and write empower them for the citizen life.
Abstract
The vulnerability translates in concrete human groups that, although they know what occurs around them in a digital matter, by his own social and cultural condition they are [...]
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Meta-synthesis of Literacy for the Empowerment of Vulnerable Groups
C. Camilli-Trujillo, M. Römer-Pieretti

Revista Hipogrifo (2017). 1

Abstract
The vulnerability translates in concrete human groups that, although they know what occurs around them in a digital matter, by his own social and cultural condition they are alienated and, in this sense, away of the exercise of the information right. The aim has been to analyze the critical, media and digital literacy for the empowerment of vulnerable groups. The systematic review of the literature (meta-synthesis) covers the period between the years 1996-2016 and launched 202 documents, of which 117 fulfilled the inclusion criteria (105 documentary investigations and 12 qualitative studies). The results indicate that boys, teenagers and adults have been benefited and empowered by this literacy, many of them with low educational levels, in an econo¬mical disadvantage situation or have been alienated or excluded socially and culturally. The informal spaces for the media and digital training prevail as well as the reconceptualization reflection of the literacy, the reason why the vulnerable groups move away of his profits, like the influence of the empowerment in the social and personal sphere and the educational and communicational implications for those who have the responsibility of empower. It concludes that the groups are vulnerable if only they stay ignorant and that teach them to read and write empower them for the citizen life.
Abstract
The vulnerability translates in concrete human groups that, although they know what occurs around them in a digital matter, by his own social and cultural condition they are [...]
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- read
Meta-synthesis of Literacy for the Empowerment of Vulnerable Groups
C. Camilli-Trujillo, M. Römer-Pieretti

Revista Hipogrifo (2017). 1

Abstract
The vulnerability translates in concrete human groups that, although they know what occurs around them in a digital matter, by his own social and cultural condition they are alienated and, in this sense, away of the exercise of the information right. The aim has been to analyze the critical, media and digital literacy for the empowerment of vulnerable groups. The systematic review of the literature (meta-synthesis) covers the period between the years 1996-2016 and launched 202 documents, of which 117 fulfilled the inclusion criteria (105 documentary investigations and 12 qualitative studies). The results indicate that boys, teenagers and adults have been benefited and empowered by this literacy, many of them with low educational levels, in an econo¬mical disadvantage situation or have been alienated or excluded socially and culturally. The informal spaces for the media and digital training prevail as well as the reconceptualization reflection of the literacy, the reason why the vulnerable groups move away of his profits, like the influence of the empowerment in the social and personal sphere and the educational and communicational implications for those who have the responsibility of empower. It concludes that the groups are vulnerable if only they stay ignorant and that teach them to read and write empower them for the citizen life.
Abstract
The vulnerability translates in concrete human groups that, although they know what occurs around them in a digital matter, by his own social and cultural condition they are [...]
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L'Oficina Catalana del Canvi Climàtic, el Servei d'Avaluació Ambiental de plans i programes i l'INCASOL presenten les eines de càlcul d'emissions de CO2 pel planejament urbanístic general i derivat.
Bulletí d'innovació i recerca (#26) (2017). 4

Abstract
La integració del canvi climàtic en el planejament urbanístic és un àmbit d'actuació prioritari per tal de fer efectius els compromisos de reducció d'emissions dels sectors difusos i per plantejar nous desenvolupaments urbanístics més resilients als impactes climàtics.
Abstract
La integració del canvi climàtic en el planejament urbanístic és un àmbit d'actuació prioritari per tal de fer efectius els compromisos de reducció d'emissions dels [...]
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Esto es una prueba
C. Garcia

Collection of Métodos de Test (2017). Vol. 1, 16

Abstract
Este es el abstract del artículo
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IMPACTO DE LA RIGIDEZ DE LA LOSA Y LA ASIMETRÍA DE LAS ABERTURAS EN LA ESTIMACIÓN DE LOS DESPLAZAMIENTOS LATERALES ELÁSTICOS DE MUROS
A. Colunga, T. 2

Collection of Métodos de Test (2017).

Abstract
Approximations obtained with the equivalent frame method and Beck-Coull method to assess elastic lateral displacement profiles of walls with openings are compared to results obtained with the finite element method using reasonably fine meshes. Multistory walls were studied, considering symmetric and asymmetric distribution of openings with respect to a vertical axis. The contribution of slabs in the lateral stiffness was considered through an equivalent flange as recommended in several building codes. Different stiffnesses are considered for the walls and the slabs. From the obtained results it is confirmed that approximations obtained with the studied methods increase as the number of stories of the wall increases, and that it is reasonable for an equivalent opening eccentricity up to 40%. The contribution of the stiffness of the slab had a small impact for the considered symmetric wall openings, but it was important for walls with asymmetric openings, impacting more the displacements of walls when they are more flexible.
Abstract
Approximations obtained with the equivalent frame method and Beck-Coull method to assess elastic lateral displacement profiles of walls with openings are compared to results [...]
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A Solid finite element with an improvement in the transverse shear behavior for shell analysis
F. Flores, E. ONATE, T. 2

Collection of Métodos de Test (2017).

Abstract
In this work a solid finite element based on a Total Lagrangian Formulation using logarithmic strains is combined with a classical assumed strain approach of the transverse strains for thick shells. The target is to use the element for shell simulations without shear locking. The selective mass scaling technique used to avoid that the discretization across the thickness reduce the critical time in codes with explicit integration of the momentum equations is summarized. Several examples are presented showing that the element is shear-locking free, the consequences of the selective mass scaling and the possibilities of the element for the analysis of composites laminates in non-linear material regime.
Abstract
In this work a solid finite element based on a Total Lagrangian Formulation using logarithmic strains is combined with a classical assumed strain approach of the transverse [...]
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STRUCTURAL ASSESSMENT OF GRAVITY DAMS BY MEANS OF A SEMI-DISCRETE APPROACH
F. PEÑA, T. 2

Collection of Métodos de Test (2017).

Abstract
A new numerical model for the structural assessment of gravity dams by means of a semi-discrete approach is proposed. Gravity dams are massive structures, which their stability depends on the gravity loads applied into the structure. Mainly, its structural assessment is performed by means of a gravity approach. However, this approach is too conservative and mostly does not reflect the real structural behaviour of the dam. In this context, there is the need of models that are simplified enough to allow a simple and fast parametric analyses. The proposed model idealizes the dam as a set of rigid elements, where the damage and the deformation are concentrated in the contact sides between adjacent elements. Thus, the elements are rigid, but the material is considered as deformable. As the proposed model is semi-discrete, it can detect separation or sliding between elements. However, initial contacts do not change during the analyisis and a relative continuity among elements exists, in order to simplify the computational effort. The effective performance of the proposed model is demonstrated by numerical validation and by comparisons with some numerical models presented in the literature.
Abstract
A new numerical model for the structural assessment of gravity dams by means of a semi-discrete approach is proposed. Gravity dams are massive structures, which their stability [...]
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A fourth-order compact scheme for the Helmholtz equation: alpha-interpolation of FEM and FDM stencils
P. Nadukandi, E. ONATE, J. García-Espinosa, T. 2

Collection of Métodos de Test (2017).

Abstract
We propose a fourth-order compact scheme on structured meshes for the Helmholtz equation given by R(φ) := f (x) + ∆φ + ξ alpha-interpolation of the Galerkin finite element method and the classical central finite difference method. In 1D this scheme is identical to the alpha-interpolation method [48] and in 2D making the choice α = 0.5 we recover the generalized fourth-order compact Pad´e approximation [56, 57] (therein using the parameter γ = 2). We follow [10, 15] for the analysis of this scheme and its performance on square meshes is compared with that of the quasi-stabilized FEM [15]. In particular we show that the relative phase error of the numerical solution and the local truncation error of this scheme for plane wave solutions diminish at the rate O (ξℓ)
Abstract
We propose a fourth-order compact scheme on structured meshes for the Helmholtz equation given by R(φ) := f (x) + ∆φ + ξ alpha-interpolation of the Galerkin finite [...]
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Nuevo concepto de puente de vigas hinchables ligero, modular y portátil
C. Estruch, E. Oñate, B. Suarez, J. Marcipar, C. García

Collection of Métodos de Test (2017).

Abstract
En la presente tesis doctoral se propone desarrollar, construir y validar experimentalmente un nuevo Concepto de Puente de Vigas Hinchables Ligero, Modular y Portátil (PVH-LMP) para el transporte en supercie de vehículos, que utiliza como elemento b asico estructural para aguantar las cargas vigas hinchadas con aire a baja presión fabricadas con tejidos compuestos de altas prestaciones.
Abstract
En la presente tesis doctoral se propone desarrollar, construir y validar experimentalmente un nuevo Concepto de Puente de Vigas Hinchables Ligero, Modular y Portátil [...]
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Particle methods in Computational Fluid Dynamics
I. S.R., O. E., B. P.

Example of a collection (2017).

Abstract
Particle methods in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) are numerical tools for the solution of the equations of f luid dynamics obtained by replacing the fluuid continuum with a finite set of particles. For mathematicians, particles are just points from which properties of the uid can be interpolated. For physicists the particles are material points, which can be treated like any other particle system. Either way, particle methods have a number of attractive features. One of the key attributes is that pure advection is treated exactly. For example, if the particles are given a determined colour and the velocity is specified, the transport of colours by the particle system is exact. The convection of properties also eases the solution of multi material problems, simplifying the detection of interfaces. The use of particles also allows to bridge the gap between the continuum and fragmentation in a natural way, for example in fracture or droplets problems. Since the computation domain, the particles, matches exactly the material domain of interest, the computational resources are optimized with the corresponding reduction in storage and calculation time compared to other methods. Finally, because of the close similarity between particle methods and the physics of the problems to be solved, it is often possible to account for complex physics more easily than with other methods.
Abstract
Particle methods in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) are numerical tools for the solution of the equations of f luid dynamics obtained by replacing the fluuid continuum [...]
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Test PDF
C. García, T. Testeando

Collection of Métodos de Test (2017).
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An Implicit Stabilized Finite Element Method For The Compressible Navier-Stokes Equations Using Finite Calculus
M. Kouhi∗, E. ONATE, C. García

Collection of Métodos de Test (2017).

Abstract
A new implicit stabilized formulation for the numerical solution of the compressible NavierStokes equations is presented. The method is based on the Finite Calculus (FIC) scheme using the Galerkin finite element method (FEM) on triangular grids. Via the FIC formulation, two stabilization terms, called streamline term and transverse term, are added to the original conservation equations in the space-time domain. The non-linear system of equations resulting from the spatial discretization is solved implicitly using a damped Newton method benefiting from the exact Jacobian matrix. The matrix system is solved at each iteration with a preconditioned GMRES method. The efficiency of the proposed stabilization technique is checked out in the solution of 2D inviscid and laminar viscous flow problems where appropriate solutions are obtained especially near the boundary layer and shock waves. The work presented here can be considered as a follow up of a previous work of the authors [24]. In that paper, the stabilized Galerkin FEM based on the FIC formulation was derived for the Euler equations together with an explicit scheme. In the present paper, the extension of this work to the Navier-Stokes equations using an implicit scheme is presented.
Abstract
A new implicit stabilized formulation for the numerical solution of the compressible NavierStokes equations is presented. The method is based on the Finite Calculus (FIC) [...]
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T. 200

Test blind review (2017).
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T. 200

Test blind review (2017).

Abstract
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T. 200, . Miguelito

Test blind review (2017).
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T. 200

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T. 200

Test blind review (2017).
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Abstract bo, per aprovar
R. Ribó

Congress Test - Abstracts.

Abstract
contingut
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T. 200

Test blind review (2017).
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A FINITE ELEMENT METHOD FOR FLUID-STRUCTURE INTERACTION WITH SURFACE WAVES
E. Oñate, J. García, T. 200

Collection of Advances in Climate Change Research (2017).

Abstract
A stabilized semi-implicit fractional step finite element method for solving coupled fluid-structure interaction problems involving free surface waves is presented. The stabilized governing equations for the viscous incompressible fluid and the free surface are derived at a differential level via a finite calculus procedure. A mesh updating technique based on solving a fictitious elastic problem on the moving mesh is described. Examples of the efficiency of the stabilized semi-implicit algorithm for the analysis of fluid-structure interaction problems in totally or partially submerged bodies is presented.
Abstract
A stabilized semi-implicit fractional step finite element method for solving coupled fluid-structure interaction problems involving free surface waves is presented. The stabilized [...]
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T. 177

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T. 177

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T. 177

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H. Simonetti, T. Testeando, V. Almeida, L. Neto

Test blind review (2017).
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